Milk replacers containing soybean protein isolates or concentrates: nitrogen digestibility and utilization by preruminant lambs

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
NM Malouf ◽  
DM Walker
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Soybean Protein Isolates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Milk Replacers

Preruminant male crossbred lambs, aged 2-5 days at the start of the experiment, were given milk replacers containing between 0.25 and 0.29 of the total energy as protein. A comparison of milk replacers containing either soybean isolates or concentrates as the sole source of protein showed that, while the apparent digestibilities of dry matter and nitrogen were significantly higher for diets containing isolates, the efficiencies of retention of the apparently digested nitrogen were significantly higher for the concentrate diets. The net result was no significant difference in nitrogen balance between the diets. The milk replacers were accepted readily by the lambs, and intakes of gross energy of up to three times the maintenance requirement were attained without difficulty. Nitrogen balances of lambs given a milk replacer based on a soybean concentrate were not significantly improved by supplementation of the diet with lysine, in addition to methionine. Similarly, the nitrogen balances of lambs given a soybean isolate-based milk replacer, plus methionine, were unaffected when one of five supplementary amino acids (Lys, Thr, Val, Isol, Leu) was omitted in turn from the diet.

ALKALI TREATMENT OF SOYBEAN PROTEIN CONCENTRATE IN MILK REPLACERS: ITS EFFECTS ON DIGESTION, NITROGEN RETENTION, AND GROWTH OF LAMBS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. L. GORRILL ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Soybean Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Replacers

Alkali treatment to disperse a soybean protein concentrate (SPC) was studied in two milk replacer experiments, in which the SPC supplied 50% of the total nitrogen. In experiment 1, six lambs were used in a double 3 × 3 latin square digestion and nitrogen balance trial. The three treatments of the SPC in the milk replacer were: control (no alkali), alkali 1 (0.05 N NaOH at 40 C, neutralized with HCl after 15 min), and alkali 2 (same as 1, but neutralized after 18 hr at 5 C). The remainder of the diet ingredients were homogenized with a Polytron. Alkali treatment increased digestibility of dry matter (91, 93, and 95%, P < 0.01, on the three treatments, respectively), nitrogen, and energy, but tended to reduce the percent of absorbed nitrogen that was retained (63, 61, and 60%, P < 0.20). The control (complete diet prepared with the Polytron) and alkali 1 treatments were compared in a growth and metabolism trial in experiment 2. Growth of a total of 19 lambs from about 4 days to weaning from milk replacer at 26 days of age tended to be lower on the alkali-treated than the control SPC milk replacer (179 vs. 215 g/day, P < 0.20); however, growth to 10 weeks of age was similar for both groups and averaged 250 g/day.

GROWTH, DIGESTIBILITY AND NITROGEN RETENTION BY CALVES FED MILK REPLACERS CONTAINING MILK AND SOYBEAN PROTEINS, SUPPLEMENTED WITH METHIONINE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. L. Gorrill ◽  
J. W. G. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Soybean Proteins ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soybean Protein Concentrate ◽  
Milk Replacers

Milk replacers containing zero (all-milk) or 70% of the total protein from a soybean protein concentrate (soy-milk), with or without methionine supplementation, were fed to Holstein calves. Bull calves digested 91 and 89% of the dry matter (P < 0.05), and 87 and 82% of the nitrogen (P < 0.01) supplied by the all-milk and soy-milk replacers, respectively. Nitrogen retention averaged 41% of that consumed, with no difference due to protein source. DL-methionine (0.1% of the dry replacer) did not increase calf growth or nitrogen retention. Heifer calves fed whole milk, the all-milk replacer or soy-milk replacer plus methionine, and hay and concentrates, gained 496, 550 and 526 g/day, respectively, to weaning at 7 weeks of age (treatment means not significantly different at P < 0.05). Weight gains for these three groups of heifers from 7 to 15 weeks of age were 723, 650 and 599 g/day (significant difference between whole milk and soy-milk at P < 0.05), respectively. It was concluded that the soybean protein concentrate could supply a major portion of the protein in milk replacers for rearing dairy calves.

DIGESTION OF NUTRIENTS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF PIGS FED DIETS CONTAINING RAW AND AUTOCLAVED FABA BEANS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. IVAN ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Intestinal Uptake ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Faba Beans

Four castrated pigs, each fitted with a re-entrant cannula in the terminal ileum, were used to study digestion in the small intestine. A nitrogen-free diet was used for the estimation of metabolic nitrogen and amino acids. Faba beans, as the sole source of dietary protein, were used raw or after autoclaving for 30 or 60 min. The four diets were fed to the pigs in a 4 × 4 latin square experiment. The pigs were fed each diet for 6 days prior to a 24-hr collection of total ileal contents. Autoclaving of faba beans had no significant effect on digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, nitrogen and individual amino acids except arginine, which was significantly increased. The intestinal uptake of arginine was the highest and of cystine the lowest in all faba bean diets. It was concluded that autoclaving faba beans had no beneficial effect on the digestion of nutrients in the small intestine of the pig.

DSC study on the thermal properties of soybean protein isolates/corn starch mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 1633-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujing Li ◽  
Yimin Wei ◽  
Yanqiang Fang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Protein Isolates ◽  
Soybean Protein Isolates

Corrigendum - The endogenous phosphorus excretion of preruminant lambs

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
DM Walker ◽  
SJ Al-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Protein Group ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Protein Milk ◽  
Milk Replacers

Twenty-seven preruminant male crossbred lambs, aged 1-2 days at the start of the experiment, were used. Three lambs were sacrificed on day 1 and selected bones taken for analysis. Twenty-four lambs, in groups of three, were bottle-fed on low-phosphorus milk replacers in a 2 x 4 factorial experiment. The sole source of protein in the diets was whole beef blood, supplemented with L-isoleucine and DL-methionine, to supply either 10 or 25% of the total dietary energy as protein. At each protein level the diets were supplemented with CaCO3 to provide four ratios of Ca:P (0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1 and 10:1). The daily intake of gross energy was controlled at 880 kJ-0.73. Faeces and urine were collected separately each day and bulked during the last seven days of the experiment for the estimation of N, Ca and P. Serum Ca and P concentrations were determined at weekly intervals. The lambs were sacrificed at the end of the experimental period of 21 days and selected bones were taken for analysis. The concentrations of bone ash, Ca and P all decreased significantly when compared with values determined at the start of the experiment. The lambs given the high-protein diets showed significantly greater losses of bone ash, Ca and P, and had lower serum P, but higher serum Ca concentrations, than lambs fed on the low-protein milk replacers, irrespective of the dietary Ca:P ratios. Phosphorus excretions during the last seven days of the experiment were as follows: faecal P (day-1); low-protein group (n = 12), 3.1 � 0.5 mg kg-1; high-protein group (n = 11) , 4.1 � 0.5 mg kg-1; all lambs (n = 23), 3.6 � 0.3 mg kg-1. Urinary P (day-1): low-protein group (n = 12), 0.92 � 0.22 mg kg-1; high-protein group (n = 11) , 0.61 � 0.03 mg kg-1; all lambs (n = 23), 0.77 � 0.12 mg kg-1. Faecal and urinary P excretion was unaffected by variation in the dietary Ca:P ratio.

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