History of the family Malpighiaceae in Australia and its biogeographic implications: evidence from pollen

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Centre Of Origin ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern South America

Three pollen types of the family Malpighiaceae have been identified in the Tertiary fossil record of south-eastern Australia. There are two species of the family native to Australia and they have the same pollen type. There was thus a greater diversity of malpighiaceous taxa during the Tertiary than there is today. The family is found mainly in tropical regions and it is thought that northern South America was the centre of origin. The restriction of the two species to coastal north-eastern Australia suggests recent migration into the area and gives no hint of the long history of the family in Australia.

scholarly journals Middle to Late Paleocene Leguminosae fruits and leaves from Colombia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiany Herrera ◽  
Mónica R. Carvalho ◽  
Scott L. Wing ◽  
Carlos Jaramillo ◽  
Patrick S. Herendeen
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern South America

Leguminosae are one of the most diverse flowering-plant groups today, but the evolutionary history of the family remains obscure because of the scarce early fossil record, particularly from lowland tropics. Here, we report ~500 compression or impression specimens with distinctive legume features collected from the Cerrejón and Bogotá Formations, Middle to Late Paleocene of Colombia. The specimens were segregated into eight fruit and six leaf morphotypes. Two bipinnate leaf morphotypes are confidently placed in the Caesalpinioideae and are the earliest record of this subfamily. Two of the fruit morphotypes are placed in the Detarioideae and Dialioideae. All other fruit and leaf morphotypes show similarities with more than one subfamily or their affinities remain uncertain. The abundant fossil fruits and leaves described here show that Leguminosae was the most important component of the earliest rainforests in northern South America c. 60–58 million years ago.

Some marine diatoms from the Australian region, especiallly from Port Phillip Bay and Tropical North-eastern Australia. 2. Survey of the genus Palmeria and of the family Lithodesmiaceae including the new genus Lithodesmioides.

Brunonia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stosch HA Von
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Marine Diatoms ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Branching Point ◽  
First Time

Based on plankton samples collected in 1970 and on a survey of the literature, the Australian members of the genus Palmeria and of the family Lithodesmiaceae are critically listed or described. Both species of Palmeria are new for the Australian region, as are one species each of Lithodesmium and of Ditylum, two species of the genus Lithodesmioides, one species plus one variety of Bellerochea, as well as one species and one form of Neostreptotheca. Lithodesmium duckerae, Lithodesmioides polymorphum and L. minutum, Ditylum buchananii, Bellerochea horologicalis var. recta and Neostreptotheca torta and its fo. triangularis are described for the first time. Palmeria ostenfeldii, a species associated with an epiphytic ciliate, is sep- arated from P. hardmaniana. In Ditylum brightwellii, the proportion of thecae with the slotted versus the fimbriate form of the marginal ridge is shown to be probably influenced by the ambient water conditions. In the same species, the ontogenies of the resting spores (including germi- nation) as well as of the gametes are described. Lithodesmioides presents new instances of fissipariety (split wall character) in both of its species. 'Simple pores', which have recently been demonstrated by Li and Volcani to be distinct in origin from areolae, are common in all described species of Lithodesmium, Lithodesmioides and Ditylum in two forms as either 'branching point pores' or 'intracostal pores'.

Fishes of the family Prototroctidae (Salmoniformes)

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM McDowall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lateral Scale ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The family Prototroctidae, the genus Prototroctes, and the two contained species-P. oxyrhynchus Gunther, 1870 (New Zealand) and P. maraena Gunther 1864 (south-eastern Australia and Tasmania) are described. P. oxyvhynchus is distinguished from P. maraena by much higher counts of lateral scale rows, vertebrae and gill rakers. What is known of the natural history of Prototroctes is reviewed. P. oxyvhynchus is extinct and P. maraena now rare; reasons for the decline of these species are discussed.

scholarly journals The oldest platylepadid turtle barnacle (Cirripedia, Coronuloidea): a new species of Platylepas from the Lower Pleistocene of Italy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Collareta ◽  
Agatino Reitano ◽  
Antonietta Rosso ◽  
Rossana Sanfelippo ◽  
Mark Bosselaers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

Coronuloid barnacles are epibionts of several marine vertebrates (including cetaceans and sea turtles) as well as invertebrates, and are assigned to two families of turtle barnacles (Chelonibiidae Pilsbry, 1916 and Platylepadidae Newman & Ross, 1976) and one family of whale barnacles (Coronulidae Leach, 1817). Chelonibiids and coronulids have a scanty, albeit significant fossil record extending back to the Eocene and Pliocene, respectively; in turn, the fossil record of platylepadids is limited to a single record from the Upper Pleistocene. Here we report on an isolated carinolateral compartment of Platylepas Gray, 1825, the type genus of the family, from Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian) epibathyal deposits exposed at Milazzo (Sicily, Italy). This specimen is here designated holotype of a new species, †Platylepas mediterranea sp. nov. We argue that, like most extant members of Platylepas, †P. mediterranea sp. nov. lived partially embedded in the skin of a sea turtle. This record of an extinct platylepadid – the first from the Mediterranean region and the second worldwide – pushes back the fossil record of Platylepadidae to the lowermost Quaternary, thus possibly supporting an even earlier (e.g., Neogene) timing for the origin of this family and adding a new chapter to the evolutionary history of one of the most diverse and successful lineages of epizoic crustaceans.

scholarly journals Fossil Genera in Elateridae (Insecta, Coleoptera): A Triassic Origin and Jurassic Diversification

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Kundrata ◽  
Gabriela Packova ◽  
Johana Hoffmannova
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Insect Fossils

Insect fossils bear important information about the evolutionary history of the group. The fossil record of Elateridae, a large cosmopolitan beetle family, has been greatly understudied and the available data are often replete with ambiguity and uncertainty. The research of Elateridae evolution cannot be done without solid genus-group name concepts. In this study we provide an updated comprehensive summary of the fossil genera in Elateridae, including their systematic placement and information on the type species, gender, number of species, age range, and relevant bibliography. We list seven valid fossil genera in Agrypninae, one in Cardiophorinae, two in Dendrometrinae, five in Elaterinae, two in Negastriinae, one in Omalisinae, one in Pityobiinae, and 36 in Protagrypninae. Additional 19 genera are tentatively classified as Elateridae incertae sedis, and their placements are discussed. Further, we move genera Babuskaya Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2009, Cardiosyne Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006, Fengningia Hong, 1984 and Gemelina Martins-Neto & Gallego, 2006 from Elateridae to Coleoptera incertae sedis. We also discuss the genera previously placed in Elateridae, which are currently not included in the family. The data on the fossil generic diversity suggest that Elateridae originated in the Triassic and rapidly diversified and became comparatively abundant through the Jurassic. We call for further research on the fossil Elateridae from various deposits in order to increase our knowledge on the origin, evolution, and palaeodiversity of the group.

Idanoceras, a new heteromorph ammonite genus from the Late Albian of eastern Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Henderson ◽  
E. Donald McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Artesian Basin ◽  
Great Artesian Basin ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sedimentary Succession ◽  
A Site

The late Albian marine fossil record from eastern Australia derives from the sedimentary succession of the Great Artesian Basin deposited in a vast epicontinental sea which then covered much of the continent (see Frakes et al., 1987). Ammonites of this age are common but their generic diversity is low. Heteromorph assemblages almost exclusively comprise the taxa Myloceras, Labeceras sensu stricto and Labeceras (Appurdiceras) of the Family Labeceratidae that were widely distributed in higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere during Late Albian time (see Aguirre Urreta and Riccardi, 1988; Klinger, 1989). Some 19 endemic species of these genera are recorded from the Great Artesian Basin in the present literature (Etheridge, 1892; Whitehouse, 1926; Reyment, 1964) and there are additional undescribed species (Henderson and McKenzie, unpublished data). The Australian Late Albian epicontinental sea was clearly a site of significant speciation for Labeceras and Myloceras and it has been argued that the Great Artesian Basin represents the evolutionary center for these genera (Henderson, 1990).

A new tribe of tarsonemid mites (Trombidiformes: Heterostigmatina)  parasitic on tetrigid grasshoppers (Orthoptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4418 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
OWEN D. SEEMAN ◽  
EVERT E. LINDQUIST ◽  
ROBERT W. HUSBAND
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Ancient Lineage ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
Parasitic Mites ◽  
Species Descriptions

Podotarsonemini tribe nov. (Tarsonemidae: Acarapinae), with one nominate genus Podotarsonemus gen. nov., is proposed for seven new species of tarsonemid mites collected from the hindwings of pygmy grasshoppers of the family Tetrigidae (Orthoptera). The new tribe is placed within the tarsonemid subfamily Acarapinae on the basis of several morphological synapomorphies, as well as on parasitism of insects. In light of this new tribe, a revised description of the Acarapinae is provided, as are full tribal, generic and species descriptions for the Podotarsonemini, and a key to species. In view of Podapolipidae, the sister family of Tarsonemidae, consisting entirely of obligatory parasitic mites, the distinction between the two constituent sister families of Tarsonemoidea as well as the ancestral feeding habits of that superfamily are considered. These mites and their host grasshoppers were collected from Bolivia, Ecuador, Honduras, southern India, Japan, Papua New Guinea, South Africa and two localities in north-eastern Australia. This distribution suggests that the Podotarsonemini are an ancient lineage of Tarsonemidae that radiated on the Gondwanan Tetrigidae during the Jurassic.

New cyriacotheriid pantodonts (Mammalia, Pantodonta) from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada, and the relationships of Cyriacotheriidae

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Unusual Combination ◽  
Early Paleocene ◽  
History Of

Cyriacotheriidae are a family of unusual small-bodied pantodonts known from the Paleocene of the Western Interior of North America. Cyriacotheriids possess a suite of dental characters similar to that of pantodonts (e.g., molar dilambdodonty, lingual molar hypoconulids), as well as several divergent features (e.g., molarized premolars, strong molar conules) that have been interpreted as “dermopteran-like.” the unusual combination of pantodont and dermopteran-like characters, combined with a limited fossil record, has made attempts at understanding the broader relationships of Cyriacotheriidae difficult. This paper reports on a new genus and two new species of cyriacotheriids from the Paleocene of Alberta, Canada, with both species significantly older than those of the only previously described cyriacotheriid, Cyriacotherium. Collectively, the dentitions of these new taxa exhibit derived characters seen in Cyriacotherium (e.g., robust molar conules, strong molar dilambdodonty) in addition to a number of plesiomorphies seen in more basal pantodonts (e.g., conspicuous molar entoconids, deep premolar ectoflexus) and, importantly, posterior premolars that are weakly molariform and non-dilambdodont. A phylogenetic analysis of the new cyriacotheriid, basal pantodonts, dermopterans, and dermopteran-like eutherians resulted in Cyriacotheriidae nesting within a monophyletic Pantodonta. the results strengthen previous hypotheses regarding the pantodont affinities of the family, and suggest that the dermopteran-like features seen in the more derived Cyriacotherium were acquired convergently. Although the discovery of new cyriacotheriids sheds light on the evolutionary history of the family, it cannot resolve the ongoing questions of pantodont origins; nonetheless, their discovery in strata of early Paleocene age indicates that significant parts of the evolutionary history of Cyriacotheriidae, and North American pantodonts more generally, have yet to be discovered.

Austrarturellidae (Crustacea : Isopoda : Valvifera), a new family from Australasia

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 843 ◽  
Author(s):  
GCB Poore ◽  
TM Bardsley
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
New Family ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern

The family Austrarcturellidae is established for Austrarcturella, gen. nov., Abyssarcturella, gen. nov., Pseudarcturella Tattersall (1921) and Scyllarcturella, gen. nov. Males of this family share a uniquely modified first pleopod in which the exopod has a lateral secondary ramus. The pleotelson is usually of a unique inverted flat-bottomed boat-shape, and the dactyli of pereopods 2 and 3 have a minute proximal part and elongate unguis. The genus Pseudarcturella Tattersall (1921) is redefined; its type species, P. chiltoni Tattersall, is redescribed and P. crenulata, sp. nov. added. Thirteen species of Austrarcturella, gen. nov. are described from the Australian continental shelf and slope: A. oculata (Beddard) (type species), A. aphelura, sp. nov., A. brychia, sp. nov., A. callosa, sp. nov., A. cava (Hale), A. corona, sp. nov., A. hirsuta, sp. nov., A. inornata, sp. nov., A. macrokola, sp. nov., A. pictila, sp. nov., A. sexspinosa, sp. nov., A. spinipes, sp, nov. and A. thetidis, sp. nov. One further species, A. galathea, sp, nov., is described from New Zealand. Abyssarcturella, gen. nov. is diagnosed and two species from deep water in eastern Australia are described: A. panope, sp. nov. (type species) and A. cidaris, sp. nov. Scyllarcturella, gen, nov. is diagnosed for S. falcata, sp. nov. from deep water in north-eastern Australia. Keys to all taxa are presented and their distributions are briefly discussed.

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