Variation in Eucalyptus nitens Maiden in Response to Temperature and Seed Source

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Shepherd ◽  
JCG Banks ◽  
WJ Atyeo
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Uniform Temperature ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Response To Temperature

E. nitens is a minor species of south-eastern Australia, having the growth potential for afforestation purposes. Variation was studied in seedlings raised under a wide range of temperature regimes with seed from six representative provenances. The results suggest that the species can be readily divided into three broad groupings, the two northern outlier occurrences of Ebor and Barrington, those in southern New South Wales, and the most southerly occurrences in Victoria. Leaf shape was found to be the best discriminatory character as it was independent of temperature. The provenances could also be distinguished on the basis of leaf area, but only when plants were raised under uniform temperature conditions.

The distribution of the greater broad-nose bat Scoteanax rueppellii (Microchiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in relation to climate and topography.

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
P. D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Climate Matching ◽  
Matching Algorithm ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Occurrence Records

Concepts of the distribution of the greater broad-nose bat (Scoteanax rueppellii) have changed significantly as occurrence records have accumulated over the years. Early accounts of the species' distribution suggested that it was restricted to the heavily timbered areas of eastern Australia, and occurred over a wide range of altitudes. However, recent summaries of the distribution of the species differ significantly from these early accounts. To reconcile these discrepancies, I collated records from museum collections and wildlife databases. These data clearly indicate that stated altitudinal limits for the species are not correct. The currently known southern limit of the species is near Eden, New South Wales (NSW). The distribution of the species was modelled using the DOMAIN climate matching algorithm. The model indicates that S. rueppellii may occur in East Gippsland, Victoria, suggests its likely occurrence in inland Queensland and northern NSW, but a low likelihood of occurrence in inland southern NSW. However, the data show strong spatial and temporal biases that restrict the confidence that may be placed in the model. It is argued that species distributions must be regarded as open and evolving hypotheses.

Variation in Chondrilla juncea L. in south-eastern Australia

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Hill ◽  
RH Groves
Keyword(s):  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
South Eastern Australia ◽  
Chondrilla Juncea

Three variants or forms of Chondrilla juncea L. (skeleton weed) are distinguished in south-eastern Australia. The forms (designated A, B, and C) differ in inflorescence morphology and fruit characters, but mainly in the shape of rosette leaves, for which quantitative expressions of the differences have been developed. There were no significant differences within each form in rosette leaf shape when grown in a wide range of environments. First and second progenies of the three forms, presumably apomictic, retained the identity of their parents, as did leaves of rosettes arising vegetatively from the root system after removal of the parental rosette. The geographical limits of distribution of the forms are given, based on results from field observations and from plants grown in a glasshouse either from seed or clonal material. Plants of form A are widespread and occur in south-eastern Australia over a wide range of latitude, climate, and soil type. With one exception, the distribution of plants of forms B and C in 1969 was restricted to central New South Wales, where the forms are distributed sympatrically with plants of form A. Form B plants are confined at present to an area bounded approximately by Young, Orange, Peak Hill, and Marsden, though these boundaries are extending. Leaf emergence rates, times to stem elongation, and times to flowering are presented for the three forms. Differences between forms in these characters under some conditions are shown to exist, as well as differences between forms in their ability to regenerate vegetatively. Form C plants, at present more restricted geographically, seem to have a greater potential for regeneration from rootstocks than form A plants, already widespread throughout south-eastern Australia. The variation described in this paper is discussed in relation to control of other weed species, especially apomicts.

scholarly journals Growth, Form and Quambalaria Shoot Blight Tolerance of Spotted Gum in North-eastern New South Wales, Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 180-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Johnson ◽  
A. J. Carnegie ◽  
M. Henson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Form ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shoot Blight

AbstractA young provenance/progeny trial of spotted gums, which are major hardwood plantation species in subtropical eastern Australia, was studied for growth, form, and damage from Quambalaria shoot blight. The trial contained a wide range of genotypes, mainly of Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata, with between one and 21 families per provenance. Genetic parameters were calculated from 23 provenances with four or more families. Provenances superior for growth included four well-represented C. citriodora subsp. variegata provenances, all from south-east Queensland, which also had a high proportion of superior families. Overall, Queensland provenances had significantly higher mean diameter and height than those from New South Wales (NSW), although there were several superior NSW families. Provenances superior for growth also displayed good straightness and relatively fine branching. Relatively low Quambalaria shoot blight damage was recorded for four Queensland provenances and one coastal NSW provenance, which all had high proportions of families with low damage. Provenances that were putative intergrades between C. citriodora subsp. variegata and C. maculata tended to have high damage levels. However, some mediocre provenances contained superior families potentially useful for breeding. Regressions of Quambalaria damage index (QDI) on latitude, and mean height growth on QDI, were highly significant and moderately strong (0.51 and 0.58, respectively), indicating increasing damage in more southern material, and a retarding effect (although not striking) of damage on growth. Individual heritability estimates were low (zero to 0.14) for growth and form, and moderate for QDI (0.31). The genetic correlations for QDI with growth traits were strong and negative (-0.77 and -0.88), supporting a strategy of selecting vigorous trees for breeding programs from provenances and families superior for these traits.

Growith of heath vegetation. IV. Effects of temperature on growth of Banksia ornata, B.serrata and B. serratifolia

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Groves
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature

Established seedlings of three closely related Banksia species (B. ornata, B. serrata and B. serratifolia), with different distributions in southern and eastern Australia, were grown under different day/night temperature regimes in a phytotron for 20 weeks. Results of measurements of shoot elongation and plant productivity show that plants of B. ornata, grown from seed collected in south-eastern South Australia, have a lower temperature optimum for growth than plants of the other two species, which were grown from seed collected at warmer sites in central New South Wales and southern Queensland respectively. This result suggests that in the predominantly winter rainfall areas of southern Australia B. ornata is not necessarily a 'relict' species with a growth pattern typical of a more tropical climate with predominantly summer rainfall.

Systematics of the Xanthosia pilosa complex (Apiaceae: Hydrocotyloideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
J. M. Hart ◽  
M. J. Henwood
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
New South ◽  
Inflorescence Morphology ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Range Of Variation

Xanthosia pilosa Rudge is a common shrub found ineastern Australia. The species complex displays a wide range of variation inleaf and inflorescence morphology which has resulted in the application ofnumerous species names and its informal division into numerous variants in New South Wales. As part of a revision of the genus, the history of the speciescomplex is reviewed and the morphology of the numerous variants, examined bothin the field and herbarium, is discussed.Xanthosia pilosa sens. lat. is here divided into fourspecies: two new species (X. scopulicola J.M.Hart & Henwood and X. stellataJ.M.Hart & Henwood) are described and illustrated, a substitute name(X. ternifolia J.M.Hart & Henwood) is providedfor the illegitimate X. tasmanica Gand., andX. pilosa s.s., which remains a polymorphic species inwhich further segregation of variants is not recommended. A key toXanthosia species in eastern Australia is provided.

Evidence of High Sea Level during Isotope Stage 5c in Queensland, Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Pickett ◽  
C. H. Thompson ◽  
R. A. Kelley ◽  
D. Roman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
New South ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Maximum Period ◽  
High Dune

Thirty-nine species of scleractinian corals have been recovered from under a high dune on the western (mainland) side of North Stradbroke Island, eastern Australia. The corals are associated with thin intertidal sediments and their good condition implies burial in situ and preservation in a saturated zone. Most likely this occurred as the coast prograded and a large dune advanced into the littoral zone, burying intertidal sediments and coral. The species assemblage indicates a sheltered environment but one open to the ocean without wide fluctuations in salinity. Three species yielded a mean 230Th/234U age of 105,000 yr B.P. which is significantly younger than the nearest Pleistocene corals at Evans Head, New South Wales. The corals provide evidence of a sea stand near present sea level during isotope Stage 5c, which is considerably higher than previously suggested for this period. Their good condition implies that the overlying parabolic dune is of comparable age and formed during that high stand of sea level. Also, the isotope age provides a maximum period for the development of giant podzols in the podzol chronosequences on coastal dunes in southern Queensland.

An Aerial Survey of 3 Game Species of Waterfowl (Family Anatidae) Populations in Eastern Australia

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
LW Braithwaite ◽  
M Maher ◽  
SV Briggs ◽  
BS Parker
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Game Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Black Duck ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Central Eastern

Populations of waterfowl of three game species, the Pacific black duck Anus superciliosa, grey teal A. gibberifrons, and maned duck Chenonetta jubata, were assessed by aerial survey in October 1983 within a survey region of 2 697 000 km2 of eastern Australia. The numbers of each species were assessed on all surface waters of over 1 ha, and on a sample of smaller surface waters within 10 survey bands each 30 km wide and spaced at intervals of 2� latitude from 20�30' to 38�30'S. The area within the survey bands was 324 120 km2, which gave a sampling intensity of 12.0% of the land surface area. The area of features shown as wetlands or water impoundments within the survey bands on 1 : 2 500 000 topographic maps was 19 200 km2 or 11.2% of the total area of these features in the survey region. The area of surface waters surveyed was assessed at 465 300 ha. Assessments of populations of each species were tallied for wetlands by grid cells of 6 min of 1� longitude along the survey bands (258-309 km2 depending on latitude). Distributions were then mapped, with log*10 indices of populations in each cell. Distributions of the black duck and grey teal showed a pattern of intense aggregation in limited numbers of cells, that of the maned duck was more evenly distributed. The major concentrations of the Pacific black duck were recorded in northern New South Wales and the south-eastern, western, central eastern and central coastal regions of Queensland; those of the grey teal were in south-western, western and northern New South Wales and central-eastern Queensland; the maned duck was broadly distributed over inland New South Wales with the exception of the far west, inland southern Queensland, and central northern Victoria.

scholarly journals The Tumbarumba Basaltic Gem Field, New South Wales: in relation to sapphire-ruby deposits of eastern Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Sutherland ◽  
I. T. Graham ◽  
R. E. Pogson ◽  
D. Schwarz ◽  
G. B. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia

Biology of angel sharks (Squatina sp.) and sawsharks (Pristiophorus sp.) caught in south-eastern Australian trawl fisheries and the New South Wales shark-meshing (bather-protection) program

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Raoult ◽  
V. Peddemors ◽  
J. E. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Commercial Fishing ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Total Length ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Trawl Fisheries ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Two species of angel shark (Squatina australis, S. albipunctata) and two species of sawshark (Pristiophorus nudipinnis, P. cirratus) are frequently caught in south-eastern Australia. Little is known of the biology of these elasmobranchs, despite being caught as secondary target species in large numbers. The present study collected morphometric and reproductive data from sharks caught in shark-control nets, commercial fishing trawlers and research trawlers in south-eastern Australia. All four species had female-biased sexual size dimorphism, but growth curves between sexes did not differ. Male S. australis individuals were fully mature at ~800-mm total length, male P. nudipinnis at ~900mm, and male P. cirratus at ~800mm. Anterior pectoral margins could be used to determine total length in all species. No morphometric measurement could reliably separate Squatina spp. or Pristiophorus spp., although S. albipunctata over 1000-mm total length had larger eyes than did S. australis.

Ficophagus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from sycones of Ficus subgenus Urostigma, sections Malvanthera and Urostigma, in eastern Australia

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-653
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
Zeng Qi Zhao ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
Molecular Sequencing

Summary Ficophagus from collecting trips in eastern Australia, made over 15 years, are summarised and show that species of the genus occurred widely in sycones of Ficus, subgenus Urostigma, section Malvanthera. Two new species (based on morphological differences and molecular sequencing) are described: Ficophagus elizabethae sp. n. from Ficus macrophylla, F. rubiginosa and F. obliqua, and Ficophagus richardi sp. n. from Ficus obliqua; and a morphospecies, Ficophagus Morphospecies malandicus from Ficus obliqua. Ficophagus elizabethae sp. n. is characterised by having the excretory pore (EP) opening from the level of the junction of the conus and shaft of the stylet to that of the knobs, a relatively long procorpus (1.0-2.5 times length of stylet), female tail with an obliquely truncate tail with a hyaline area and a finely to broadly rounded tip which may be mucronate; post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) ca one vulval body diam. (VBD) in length; rose-thorn-shaped spicule with distinct rostrum and prominent condylus; and genital papillae arranged as largest pair adcloacal, second pair posterior to mid-tail length, and third small pair near tail tip; and was collected from Sydney in New South Wales, to Bundaberg in Queensland (QLD). Ficophagus richardi sp. n. is characterised by having the EP opening at the level of the junction of the stylet shaft and conus, a labial cap which is raised around the opening for the stylet; procorpus 0.8-1.7 times length of the stylet, PUS <1 VBD in length, long uterus, and female tail with a V-shaped hyaline area at the bluntly rounded tip; rose-thorn-shaped spicule with a small rostrum and prominent condylus, three pairs genital papillae, first and largest on anterior cloacal lip, second at 70% of tail length measured from cloacal aperture, and third near tip, and was collected from Ban Ban Springs in the south to the Bundaberg region in the mid-north of QLD. In addition, in the absence of pertinent molecular sequences, a morphospecies is described. Ficophagus Morphospecies malandicus is characterised by having the EP opening anterior to the junction of the stylet conus and shaft, procorpus 0.9-2 times length of stylet, a short PUS usually <1 VBD long, short uterus, rose-thorn-shaped spicule with a raised condylus and prominent rostrum, and three pairs of subventral papillae on the tail (one adcloacal, one posterior to mid-tail and one near tail tip); and was collected from the Atherton Tableland, QLD. A table comparing morphological characteristics is provided to help with identification of Ficophagus nematodes from figs of the section Malvanthera in eastern Australia.

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