Experiments Directed Towards the Synthesis of Anthracyclinones. XXXVI Asymmetric Dihydroxylations of Alkylidene Anthracyclinones

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Cambie ◽  
Russell B. Clark ◽  
Peter S. Rutledge ◽  
J. J. Rustenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Molecular Modelling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E And Z Isomers

The methylidene tetracycle (2) has been synthesized in 11 steps from quinizarin (5) in an overall yield of 38% by using a highly ecient selective dihydroxylation step and an intramolecular ene cyclization. Also prepared with the selective dihydroxylation methodology were the silyloxy alkene (3) and the 6-demethoxy alkene (4). A mixture (1 : 2) of the (E)- and (Z)-isomers of the ethylidene compound (6) has been prepared by similar methods. The products resulting from the reactions of AD-mix-α and AD-mix-β on the alkenes (1)–(3) and (6) have been investigated and their stereochemistries assigned by using 1 H n.m.r. and NOESY experiments, and molecular modelling of acetonide derivatives. An X-ray crystal structure of the acetate (64) has confirmed the relative stereochemical assignments.

The geometry of 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-5-oxazolones and thiazolones: 1H and 13C studies and the crystal structure of 4-[(Z)-1-ethoxyethylidene]-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3618-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Bell ◽  
R. Faggiani ◽  
C. J. L. Lock ◽  
R. A. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Oxazole Ring ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Ring Nitrogen ◽  
E And Z Isomers

A series of E and Z isomers of substituted 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-5-oxazolones and thiazolones have been prepared and their 1H and 13C spectra recorded. The vinylic methyl 1H chemical shifts showed minimal differences between E and Z isomers whereas the vinylic OCH21H signals differed by 0.15–0.43 ppm, with the Z isomer being consistently the more deshielded. Both vinylic methyl and OCH2 groups showed different 13C resonances for each isomer, with the Z isomers being the more deshielded. The Z geometry was conclusively defined for one isomer of 4-(1-ethoxyethylidene)-2-phenyl-5-oxazolone, 5, by X-ray crystallography and this was sufficient to assign the geometry of the remaining pairs of E and Z isomers. Oxazolone 5 has the space group P21/n and cell dimensions a = 9.219(3), b = 19.899(5), c = 7.459(1) Å, β = 118.01(2)°, and has four formula units in the unit cell. Intensities were measured with use of MoKα radiation and a Nicolet P3 diffractometer. The crystal structure was determined by standard methods and refined to R1 = 0.0709, R2 = 0.0696 based on 1419 independent reflections. The molecule is essentially planar and most bond lengths and angles are normal. Exceptions are the very short C(olefin)—O(ether) bond (1.339(4) Å) and the large ether C—O—C angle (122.1(3)°) caused by extreme delocalization in the O(ether)CCCO(carbonyl) system. The planarity causes a number of strong intramolecular repulsive interactions, causing an exceptionally small external olefin angle, O(ether)CC(methyl), of 108.1(4)°. The ethoxyl side chain of 5 adopts a conformation in the solid state which places the methylene of the OCH2 group adjacent to the oxazole ring nitrogen. This conformation is proposed to persist in solution phases and is consistent with the observed 13C chemical shifts and known γ and δ substituent effects.

Synthesis of 4-Aminocoumarin Derivatives with N-Substitutents Containing Hydroxy or Amino Groups

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo C. Ivanov ◽  
Violina T. Angelova ◽  
Nikolay Vassilev ◽  
Ioannis Tiritiris ◽  
Boyan Iliev
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Amino Alcohols ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
E And Z Isomers ◽  
Novel Products

Reactions of 4-hydroxycoumarin (1a) and 4-chlorocoumarin-3-carbaldehyde (1b) with amino alcohols or alkylene diamines led to the formation of the corresponding N-substituted 4-aminocoumarins 3, 5 and 6. However, 4-hydroxycoumarin-3-carbaldehyde (8) reacted with 2-aminoethanol and ethylenediamine to give N-substituted 3-(aminomethylene)-chromane-2,4-diones 9a, b. The structure and the E-configuration of compound 6 were proven by X-ray crystal structure analysis. Products 9a, b displayed signals of both E- and Z-isomers in their NMR spectra. All novel products have been characterized by means of spectral (IR, NMR, MS) data and elemental analyses

The 1,2-Didehydronaphthalene to 1H-Indenylidenecarbene Rearrangement: Formation of 7-Methyl-1H-Indenylideneethenone and Its Rearrangement to Acenaphthylen-4-Ol in a Flash Vacuum Pyrolytic Reaction

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
RFC Brown ◽  
KJ Coulston ◽  
BJ Dobney ◽  
FW Eastwood ◽  
GD Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Anhydride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Ethanoic Acid ◽  
Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolytic Reaction ◽  
E And Z Isomers

7-Methyl-1 H- indenone was trapped as the cyclopentadiene adduct endo* 8-methyl-1,4,4a,9a tetrahydro-1,4-methano-9H-fluoren-9-one (11) which was converted into the E- and Z-isomers (15) and (16) of endo (8'-methyl-l',4',4a',9a'-tetrahydro-1',4'-methano-9'H-fluoren-9'-ylidene) ethanoic acid by addition of methoxyethyne, rearrangement and hydrolysis. Both acids yielded the anhydride (17) of the E-acid on treatment with trifluoroacetic anhydride. Flash vacuum pyrolysis of this anhydride at 650� gave acenaphthylen-4-ol. 7-Methyl-1 H- indenylideneethenone (7) is proposed as an intermediate in this reaction and the results are discussed in relation to the rearrangement described in the title. The X-ray crystal structure of methyl endo (E)-(8'-methyl-l',4',4a',9a'-tetrahydro-l',4'-methano-9'H-fluoren-9'-ylidene) ethanoate (13) is reported.

A study on α-RuCl3 crystal structure by scanning tunneling microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
H.-J. Cantow ◽  
H. Hillebrecht ◽  
S. Magonov ◽  
H. W. Rotter ◽  
G. Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Electron Density Distribution ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
X Ray

From X-ray analysis, the conclusions are drawn from averaged molecular informations. Thus, limitations are caused when analyzing systems whose symmetry is reduced due to interatomic interactions. In contrast, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) directly images atomic scale surface electron density distribution, with a resolution up to fractions of Angstrom units. The crucial point is the correlation between the electron density distribution and the localization of individual atoms, which is reasonable in many cases. Thus, the use of STM images for crystal structure determination may be permitted. We tried to apply RuCl3 - a layered material with semiconductive properties - for such STM studies. From the X-ray analysis it has been assumed that α-form of this compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m (AICI3 type). The chlorine atoms form an almost undistorted cubic closed package while Ru occupies 2/3 of the octahedral holes in every second layer building up a plane hexagon net (graphite net). Idealizing the arrangement of the chlorines a hexagonal symmetry would be expected. X-ray structure determination of isotypic compounds e.g. IrBr3 leads only to averaged positions of the metal atoms as there exist extended stacking faults of the metal layers.

X-ray Crystal Structure of ?9-THC-tosylate

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gul ◽  
P Carvalho ◽  
D Slade ◽  
M Avery ◽  
JR Duchek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
X Ray

Crystal structure of an inclusion complex between chiral monoaza-15-crown-5 and S(–)-1-phenyl-ethyl ammonium percholorate

2003 ◽  
Vol 218 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Süheyla Özbey ◽  
F. B. Kaynak ◽  
M. Toğrul ◽  
N. Demirel ◽  
H. Hoşgören
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Type

AbstractA new type of inclusion complex, S(–)-1 phenyl ethyl ammonium percholorate complex of R-(–)-2-ethyl - N - benzyl - 4, 7, 10, 13 - tetraoxa -1- azacyclopentadecane, has been prepared and studied by NMR, IR and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The compound crystallizes in space group

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

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