Chemical suppression of spininess in Geneva 30 apple rootstocks and its residual effects on nursery tree characteristics

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
T. Jacyna ◽  
T. Jacyna ◽  
J. Barnard ◽  
J. Barnard ◽  
J. N. Cummins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cumulative Length ◽  
Tree Characteristics

A proprietary mixture of butralin + fatty alcohols or naphthaleneacetic acid were applied to reduce or prevent spininess in Geneva 30 apple rootstock. Rootstock liners were foliar treated with butralin + fatty alcohols or naphthaleneacetic acid, or hand-cleared. Spine regrowth responses to both compounds, expressed as spine cumulative length, were rate dependent and decreased as the concentration of the compound increased (P<0.003). Before budding, all rates of butralin + fatty alcohols or naphthaleneacetic acid (except naphthaleneacetic acid at 25 mg/L ), or hand-cleared reduced the number of spines and their cumulative length compared with controls. The rootstocks were budded to apple cv. ‘Jonagold’. None of the treatments caused significant spininess recurrence, or stimulated root suckering. All treatments reduced rootstock stem cross-sectional area, except butralin + fatty alcohols at 250 and 750 mg/L in comparison with control rootstock stem cross-sectional area. Budded rootstocks were transplanted into the nursery and grown for an additional year without chemical treatment. No adverse effects of previous treatments on tree characteristics were found, except a significant reduction in tree height caused by naphthaleneacetic acid at 200 mg/L. No differences in quality characteristics between trees grown on chemically or manually deshooted Geneva 30 rootstocks were found.

scholarly journals Peach Tree Growth as Influenced by Grass Species Used in a Killed-sod Planting System

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.V. Welker ◽  
D.M. Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Planting System

Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees were planted in killed sod developed from five different grasses. Tree growth was evaluated within the killed-sod treatments, as well as between killed-sod and bare soil treatments. Canopy width, tree height, and trunk cross-sectional area were all greater in the killed-sod treatments than in the bare soil treatments. All five grasses tested were acceptable for developing a killed-sod mulch. Chemical names used: N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate); N1(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea (diuron); 5-chloro-3-(1-1-dimethylethyl)-6-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (terbacil).

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCK ON LONGEVITY AND FRUIT AND TREE CHARACTERISTICS OF PLUM

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 431d-431
Author(s):  
J.D. Norton ◽  
G.E. Boyhan ◽  
J.A. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Tree Characteristics

The dwarfing characteristics of St. Julien and Pixy rootstocks as measured by shoot growth and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) was evident. Tree survival was significantly reduced after 3 years on Nemaguard and Pixy rootstocks. None of the elements measured by foliar nutrient analysis were below the minimum for plums; however, significant multiple regression equations for total shoot growth, TCSA, and survivability were evident with R2 of ≈0.30 in all three cases.

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I.M. UTYASHEV ◽  
◽  
A.A. AITBAEVA ◽  
A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Longitudinal Vibrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Elastic Fixation ◽  
Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

Changes in the parameters of nasal breathing and parameters of the upper respiratory tract during orthognathic operations in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
S.Sh. Gammadaeva ◽  
M.I. Misirkhanova ◽  
A.Yu. Drobyshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The study analyzed the functional parameters of nasal breathing, linear parameters of the nasal aperture, nasal cavity and nasopharynx, volumetric parameters of the upper airways in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies before and after orthognathic surgery. The respiratory function of the nose was assessed using a rhinomanometric complex. According to rhinoresistometry data, nasal resistance and hydraulic diameter were assessed. According to the data of acoustic rhinometry, the minimum cross-sectional area along the internal valve, the minimum cross-sectional area on the head of the inferior turbinate and nasal septum and related parameters were estimated. According to the CBCT data, the state of the nasal septum, the inferior turbinates, the nasal aperture, the state of the nasal cavity, and the linear values of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx) were analyzed. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the classification of the patency of the nasal passages by

Unequal Probability Scheme for Fruit Count in a Guava Tree

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. BHARATI
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Equal Probability ◽  
Sampling Scheme ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unequal Probability ◽  
Selection Probabilities ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Number Of Branches

Data on fruit count corresponding to primary, secondary and tertiary branches of a randomly selected guava CV. Allahabad Safeda were recorded from the guava orchard of Horticultural Research Station, Birauli. The proposed sampling scheme in which the selection probabilities are based on length of braches between two forking points was compared with equal probability(PE), probability proportional to the number of branches(PPN), probability proportional to the cross sectional area (PPA) and probability proportional to volume (PPV) method of sampling and found to be more efficient.

Effect of Early Low-Intensity Exercise on Rat Hind-Limb Muscles Following Acute Ischemic Stroke

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung-Ae Choe ◽  
Gyeong Ju An ◽  
Yoon-Kyong Lee ◽  
Ji Hye Im ◽  
Smi Choi-Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise

This study examined the effects of daily low-intensity exercise following acute stroke on mass, Type I and II fiber cross-sectional area, and myofibrillar protein content of hind-limb muscles in a rat model. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups (n = 7-9 per group): stroke (occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery [RMCA]), control (sham RMCA procedure), exercise, and stroke-exercise. Beginning 48 hours post-stroke induction/sham operation, rats in the exercise group had 6 sessions of exercise in which they ran on a treadmill at grade 10 for 20 min/day at 10 m/min. At 8 days poststroke, all rats were anesthetized and soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles were dissected from both the affected and unaffected sides. After 6 sessions of exercise following acute ischemic stroke, the stroke-exercise group showed the following significant (p < .05) increases compared to the stroke-only group: body weight and dietary intake, muscle weight of affected soleus and both affected and unaffected gastrocnemius muscle, Type I fiber cross-sectional area of affected soleus and both affected and unaffected gastrocnemius muscle, Type II fiber cross-sectional area of the unaffected soleus, both affected and unaffected plantaris and gastrocnemius muscle, Type II fiber distribution of affected gastrocnemius muscle, and myofibrillar protein content of both affected and unaffected soleus muscle. Daily low-intensity exercise following acute stroke attenuates hind-limb muscle atrophy in both affected and unaffected sides. The effects of exercise are more pronounced in the soleus and gastrocnemius as compared to the plantaris muscle.

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