An Historical Perspective of the Early Palaeozoic APWP of Gondwana: New Results from the Early Ordovician Black Hill Norite, South Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.W Schmidt ◽  
D.A Clark ◽  
Shanti Rajagopalan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Early Palaeozoic

THE MEREENIE LEASE NEGOTIATIONS IN THE AMADEUS BASIN-AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
R. Liddle
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Channel Island ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
Territory Government

Following the discovery of oil and gas, the Mereenie Joint Venture (MJV) applied for a production lease in November 1973. However, the Aboriginal Land Rights Act NT 1976 came into operation in January 1977 and the MJV was thereby required to negotiate with the Central Land Council in order to be granted the lease. The CLC was reluctant to proceed with negotiations because of the difficulty of identifying traditional owners. After 22 communications with the Council, the MJV grew impatient and the Northern Territory Government advised them to engage the author to assist in expediting the negotiations. After an intense period from March to November 1979 in which the traditional owners were identified and some violent exchanges occurred, agreement was reached on the financial terms. The Mereenie lease, which was the first petroleum lease on Aboriginal land, was granted on 18 November 1981. At present oil is piped to Brewer Estate in Alice Springs and then transported by rail to Port Stanvac in South Australia. Gas is transported to the Channel Island Power Station near Darwin via a 1,485 km pipeline. Aboriginal traditional owners receive royalty payments from all petroleum produced from Mereenie, in addition to sharing a 10% statutory royalty under the NT petroleum ordinance. The Mereenie agreement stands as a precursor to all agreements on Aboriginal land in central Australia.

PREDICTION OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS AND TRAPS BY APPLYING SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY IN THE EASTERN WARBURTON BASIN, SOUTH AUSTRALIA

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.W. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
South Australia ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Carbonate Reservoirs ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Shelf Edge ◽  
Secondary Porosity ◽  
Sandy Limestone ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Early Palaeozoic

The Early Palaeozoic eastern Warburton Basin unconformably underlies the Cooper and Eromanga Basins. Four seismic sequence sets (I−IV) are interpreted. Among them, sequence set II is subdivided into four Cambro-Ordovician depositional sequences. Sequence 1, the oldest, is a shallow shelf deposit that occurs only in the Gidgealpa area. Sequences 2 and 3 were deposited in a wider area; from west to east, environments varyied from deep siliciclastic ramp, carbonate inner-shelf, peritidal, shelf edge, and slope-to-basin. Their seismic reflection configurations are high-amplitude, regionally parallel-continuous, layered patterns, locally mounded geometry, as well as divergent-fill patterns. Sequence 4, the youngest, was deposited in a mixed siliciclastic and carbonate, storm-dominate shelf. Its seismic reflection configurations are moderate amplitude, parallel-layered patterns, decreasing in amplitude upwards.Boundaries between the four sequences generated good secondary porosity in the carbonates. Karst development is interpreted to have generated much of this porosity in shelf and peritidal carbonates, and carbonate build-ups. Shoal-water sandy limestone and calcareous sandstone of Sequence 4 may be other potential reservoir rocks. Potential source rocks comprise mudstone and shale of slope and basin lithofacies. There are two kinds of stratigraphic trap. One is in Sequences 2 and 3, associated with high-relief carbonate build-ups encased in lagoonal mudstone and shelf edge sealed by transgressive siltstone and shale. The other is a transgressive marine shale enclosing porous dolostone of the karstified Sequence 1. In addition, petroleum may have migrated from Permian source rocks of the Cooper Basin to karstified carbonate reservoirs of the Warburton Basin at unconformities.

Reassessment of the seismic stratigraphy of the Early Palaeozoic Stansbury Basin, Gulf St Vincent, South Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Flöttmann ◽  
P. W. Haines ◽  
C. D. Cockshell ◽  
W. V. Preiss
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Seismic Stratigraphy ◽  
Early Palaeozoic

Preservation of late Palaeozoic glacial rock surfaces by burial prior to Cenozoic exhumation, Fleurieu Peninsula, southeastern Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. jgs2020-250
Author(s):  
Simon P. Holford ◽  
Paul F. Green ◽  
Ian R. Duddy ◽  
Richard R. Hillis ◽  
Steven M. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Glacial Erosion ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Granitic Intrusions ◽  
Early Palaeozoic

The antiquity of the Australian landscape has long been the subject of debate, with some studies inferring extraordinary longevity (>108 Myr) for some subaerial landforms dating back to the early Palaeozoic. A number of early Permian glacial erosion surfaces in the Fleurieu Peninsula, southeastern Australia, provide an opportunity to test the notion of long-term subaerial emergence, and thus tectonic and geomorphic stability, of parts of the Australian continent. Here we present results of apatite fission-track analysis (AFTA) applied to a suite of samples collected from localities where glacial erosion features of early Permian age are developed. Our synthesis of AFTA results with geological data reveals four cooling episodes (C1-4), which are interpreted to represent distinct stages of exhumation. These episodes occurred during the Ediacaran to Ordovician (C1), mid-Carboniferous (C2), Permian to mid-Triassic (C3) and Eocene to Oligocene (C4).The interpretation of AFTA results indicates that the Neoproterozoic-Lower Palaeozoic metasedimentary rocks and granitic intrusions upon which the glacial rock surfaces generally occur were exhumed to the surface by the latest Carboniferous-earliest Permian during episodes C2 and/or C3, possibly as a far-field response to the intraplate Alice Springs Orogeny. The resulting landscapes were sculpted by glacial erosive processes. Our interpretation of AFTA results suggests that the erosion surfaces and overlying Permian sedimentary rocks were subsequently heated to between ∼60 and 80°C, which we interpret as recording burial by a sedimentary cover comprising Permian and younger strata, roughly 1 kilometre in thickness. This interpretation is consistent with existing thermochronological datasets from this region, and also with palynological and geochronological datasets from sediments in offshore Mesozoic-Cenozoic-age basins along the southern Australian margin that indicate substantial recycling of Permian-Cretaceous sediments. We propose that the exhumation which led to the contemporary exposure of the glacial erosion features began during the Eocene to Oligocene (episode C4), during the initial stages of intraplate deformation that has shaped the Mt Lofty and Flinders Ranges in South Australia. Our findings are consistent with several recent studies, which suggest that burial and exhumation has played a key role in the preservation and contemporary re-exposure of Gondwanan geomorphic features in the Australian landscape.

Early Palaeozoic metamorphic history of the Midland Valley, Southern Uplands–Longford-Down massif and the Lake District, British Isles

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. H. Oliver ◽  
J. L. Smellie ◽  
L. J. Thomas ◽  
D. M. Casey ◽  
A. E. S. Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Accretionary Prism ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Ocean Floor ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Reflectance Measurement ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Metamorphic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Palaeozoic

ABSTRACTA model for the early Palaeozoic metamorphic history of the Midland Valley and adjacent areas to the S in Scotland, England and Ireland is based on the results of new field mapping, thin section petrography, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffractometry, conodont and palynomorph colouration and graptolite reflectance measurement.The oldest metamorphic rocks of the Midland Valley of Scotland, excluding xenoliths in post-Silurian lavas, are possibly the blueschist occurrences in the melange unit of the Ballantrae complex. These may be tectonised remnants of (?)pre-Arenig ocean-floor subducted during closure of the Iapetus Ocean. In the early Ordovician, the melange terrane was dynamothermally metamorphosed during obduction of newly-formed ocean crust. The obduction process piled up a thick sequence of various ocean-floor types such that burial metamorphism in parts reached pumpellyite-actinolite facies; elsewhere prehnite-pumpellyite and zeolite facies was attained.Whilst the Midland Valley acted as an inter- or fore-arc basin during the Late Ordovician and Silurian and experienced burial metamorphism, an accretionary prism was formed to the S. Accretion, tectonic burial and metamorphism of ocean-floor and trench sediment was continuous in the Southern Uplands and the Longford-Down massif of Ireland through Late Ordovician to Late Silurian times. Rocks at the present-day surface vary from zeolite facies to prehnitepumpellyite facies. Silurian trench-slope basin sediments can be recognised in part by their lower grade of burial metamorphism. Greenschist facies rocks of the prism probably lie close to the surface.The Lake District island-arc terrane of Northern England has an early Ordovician history of burial metamorphism up to prehnite-pumpellyite facies. The Late Ordovician and Silurian metamorphic history is one of sedimentary burial complicated by tectonism and intrusion of granite plutons to a relatively high level. The Iapetus suture is marked by a weak contrast in metamorphic grade.

Deep burrowing in the early Palaeozoic deep sea: examples from the Cambrian(?)–Early Ordovician Meguma Group of Nova Scotia

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1061-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron K. Pickerill1 ◽  
Paul F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Boundary Layers ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Cautionary Note ◽  
Submarine Fan ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Deep Channel ◽  
Early Palaeozoic ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Enigmatic and heterogeneously deformed burrows are described from the Cambrian?–Early Ordovician Meguma Group of Nova Scotia. Because of their morphological variability and the absence of previously defined morphotypes, the burrows are unnamed yet do provide a cautionary note to the naming of trace fossils, even at the ichnogeneric level, by ichnologists. The traces record the activity of unknown and mobile deposit-feeding organisms that inhabited interchannel or levee areas immediately adjacent to and up to 5 m laterally from a 2 m deep channel developed on a deep-sea, mid–outer submarine-fan complex. Many of the vertically to subvertically oriented systems penetrate up to 40 cm, suggesting that existing models on the depth of early Palaeozoic benthic boundary layers obtained from shelf environments must be utilized with caution.

Bushfires in Australia—A Historical Perspective

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Derrick J. Pounder
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Settlement

Australia, like North America, has the natural potential for large bushfires and these were a regular feature of the Australian scene long before European settlement began in 1788. The early nineteenth century saw the introduction of regulations restricting the lighting and use of fires during the bushfire season. Disastrous fires were followed by accelerated government support for the development of fire-fighting organizations. Over the past 150 years the state of Victoria has suffered about half of the country's economic damage from bushfires. The 1983 bushfire disaster claimed 48 lives in Victoria and 28 lives in South Australia. The expansion of the Adelaide Hills as a commuter zone for Adelaide is one important factor in the conversion of South Australia's previously low bushfire mortality pattern into a high mortality pattern similar to that of Victoria.

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