Effect of water stress on partitioning of 14C-labelled photosynthates in Vitis vinifera

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Bota ◽  
Oleg Stasyk ◽  
Jaume Flexas ◽  
Hipólito Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Potential Gradient ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Gradient Theory ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Sink Size

The influence of fruits on export and distribution of photosynthates was studied in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo using 14C labelling. Also, the influence of water stress was analysed in fruiting and fruitless plants of Tempranillo and fruiting plants of cv. Alfonso Lavallée. In fruitless plants of Tempranillo, reserve organs (trunk, roots and lower shoot) represented 80% of total plant dry matter (DM), and imported up to 90% of the total 14C exported from the fed leaf. Therefore, the distribution pattern of photosynthates in these plants reflected mainly the sink size. However, the presence of fruits in Tempranillo strongly stimulated 14C export and changed the distribution pattern of assimilates. Fruits imported up to 70–80% of the total 14C exported, while representing only 25% of the total plant DM. Therefore, the strength of fruits as carbon sinks was independent of sink size, and it is discussed on the basis of a water potential gradient theory. Water stress caused a significant reduction of leaf water potential, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, but caused only a slight, non-significant, decrease of carbohydrate export from the fed leaves, and did not affect the distribution pattern of 14C except in some minor fractions in Tempranillo. The 14C distribution into different fruit components was also unaffected. In contrast, in Alfonso Lavallée water stress resulted in a highly significant reduction of export, and an altered photosynthate distribution pattern. These differences could be due to the lower water potential attained in stressed Alfonso Lavallée plants.

scholarly journals TROCAS GASOSAS E COMPOSIÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE VINHOS EM FUNÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russaika Lírio Nascimento ◽  
José Aliçandro Bezerra Da Silva ◽  
Luis Henrique Bassoi ◽  
Giuliano Elias Pereira ◽  
Bruno Ricardo Silva Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Caixa Postal ◽  
E Mail

TROCAS GASOSAS E COMPOSIÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE VINHOS EM FUNÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO  RUSSAIKA LÍRIO NASCIMENTO1; JOSÉ ALIÇANDRO BEZERRA DA SILVA1; LUIS HENRIQUE BASSOI2; GIULIANO ELIAS PEREIRA3; BRUNO RICARDO SILVA COSTA1 E VANESSA DE SOUZA OLIVEIRA1 1Colegiado de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, UNIVASF, campus Juazeiro, Avenida Antônio Carlos Magalhães, 510, 48902-300, Juazeiro, Bahia, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil, 13560-970, Caixa Postal 741, e.mail: [email protected] Semiárido, BR 428, km 152, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brasil, 56302-970, Caixa Postal 23, e-mail: [email protected]  1 RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações nas variáveis fisiológicas e composição físico-química de vinhos elaborados a partir de videiras submetidas a diferentes estratégias de irrigação. Os tratamentos aplicados foram: irrigação plena - irrigação realizada durante todo o ciclo de produção; irrigação com déficit controlado - onde a irrigação foi interrompida aos 49 dias após a poda, sendo realizadas eventuais irrigações após a interrupção, de acordo com o monitoramento da água no solo; e a irrigação com déficit, onde a aplicação de água foi interrompida desde os 49 dapp até a colheita. O potencial hídrico foliar foi medido utilizando a bomba de Scholander. Os índices de clorofila a, b e total foram mensurados utilizando o dispositivo portátil (ClorofiLOG - CFL 1030). As coletas de dados referentes a atividade fotossintética foram determinadas a partir do analisador portátil de gás por infravermelho (Modelo Li-6400). Os ácidos orgânicos e os compostos fenólicos foram quantificados utilizando a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. O déficit de irrigação reduziu o potencial hídrico, a fotossíntese, a produtividade, o ácido tartárico e aumentou a concentração de compostos fenólicos. Vinhos obtidos de uvas de plantas dos tratamentos com déficit podem ser destinados a elaboração de vinhos de guarda. Palavras-chave: Vitis vinifera L., Syrah, semiárido, clorofila, ácidos orgânicos.  NASCIMENTO, R. L.; SILVA, J. A. B; BASSOI, L. H; PEREIRA, G. E.; COSTA, B. R. S; OLIVEIRA, V. O.GAS EXCHANGE AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WINES DUE TO IRRIGATION STRATEGIES  2 ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate changes in physiological variables and physicochemical composition of wines from vines subjected to different irrigation strategies. The treatments were: full irrigation – applying water throughout the whole crop season, regulated deficit irrigation – interrupting the irrigation at 49 days after pruning and applying water according to soil water monitoring, and deficit irrigation – interrupting the watering 49 days after pruning to harvest. The leaf water potential was measured with a Scholander pressure chamber. The chlorophyll a, b and total indexes were measured using a portable device (ClorofiLOG - CFL 1030). The photosynthetic activity data were determined with the portable infrared gas analyzer (LI-6400 Model). The organic acids and phenolic compounds were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Deficit irrigation reduced the water potential, photosynthesis, productivity, tartaric acid and increased the concentration of phenolic compounds. Wines from vines grapes under deficit irrigation may be indicated for aged red wine production. Keywords: Vitis vinífera L., Syrah, chlorophyll, semi-aride, acids organic

scholarly journals Sustainable Viticulture: Effects of Soil Management in Vitis vinifera

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Eleonora Cataldo ◽  
Linda Salvi ◽  
Sofia Sbraci ◽  
Paolo Storchi ◽  
Giovan Battista Mattii
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Stem Water Potential

Soil management in vineyards is of fundamental importance not only for the productivity and quality of grapes, both in biological and conventional management, but also for greater sustainability of the production. Conservative soil management techniques play an important role, compared to conventional tillage, in order to preserve biodiversity, to save soil fertility, and to keep vegetative-productive balance. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate long-term adaptation strategies to create a balance between the vine and the surrounding environment. This work sought to assess the effects of following different management practices on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon during 2017 and 2018 seasons: soil tillage (T), temporary cover cropping over all inter-rows (C), and mulching with plant residues every other row (M). The main physiological parameters of vines (leaf gas exchange, stem water potential, chlorophyll fluorescence, and indirect chlorophyll content) as well as qualitative and quantitative grape parameters (technological and phenolic analyses) were measured. Significant differences in gas exchanges related to the different season and inter-row management were observed. C showed more negative values of water potential, due to the grass–vine competition, especially when water availability was lower. The competition exerted by C led to differences in fruit setting with impact on yield; therefrom, significant differences also in sugar and anthocyanic content were observed.

Water use efficiency in Sangiovese grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) subjected to water stress before veraison: different levels of assessment lead to different conclusions

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Merli ◽  
Matteo Gatti ◽  
Marco Galbignani ◽  
Fabio Bernizzoni ◽  
Eugenio Magnanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Annual Biomass ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
Use Efficiency

Several recent papers have shown that in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), interpretation of responses to drought can differ depending upon the parameter chosen to express water use efficiency (WUE). In the present paper, a series of WUE expressions, including physiological and agronomical, were compared in potted grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sangiovese) that were either well-watered (WW) or subjected to progressive drought before veraison (WS) by supplying decreasing fractions (i.e. 70%, 50% and 30% of daily vine transpiration (Trd) determined gravimetrically before vines were fully rewatered. Although single-leaf intrinsic and instantaneous WUE increased with water stress severity, seasonal and whole-canopy WUE were similar to that before stress, at 70% Trd and upon rewatering, but dropped during severe water stress. WUE calculated as mass of DW stored in annual biomass (leaves, canes and bunches) per litre of water used did not differ on a seasonal basis, whereas WS plants showed lower must soluble solids at harvest, and unchanged colour and phenolic concentration in spite of smaller berries with higher relative skin growth. Results confirm that whole-canopy WUE is a much better index than any single-leaf based WUE parameter for extrapolation to agronomic WUE and actual grape composition. In our specific case study, it can be recommended that water supply to drought-stressed Sangiovese grapevines before veraison should not be lower than 70% of daily vine water use.

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