The maize Activator/Dissociation system is functional in hexaploid wheat through successive generations

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela M. Pastori ◽  
Alison Huttly ◽  
Jevon West ◽  
Caroline Sparks ◽  
Alejandro Pieters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Ds Element ◽  
Ds Excision ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Gus Assays ◽  
F1 Generation

The aim of the present study was to provide useful background information and evidence of the functionality of the maize Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) system in hexaploid wheat. Two transgenic parental wheat lines, one harbouring the immobilised Ac element (iAc) and the other the Ds element (pUbi[Ds-uidA]bar), were crossed. Transient GUS assays confirmed that the iAc transposase is active in hexaploid wheat. Selected F1 and F2 lines were analysed by PCR using primers specific to Ac, uidA and bar genes. The primer pair Ubi/bar-tag was used to detect excision of the Ds-uidA sequence, which occurred at a frequency of 39% in the F1 generation. Lines free of Ac and showing evidence of Ds excision were subject to Southern analysis, which indicated that at least one transposition event might have occurred in these lines. Although more evidence is required to unequivocally support the reintegration of the Ds element in the wheat genome, the evidence presented here nevertheless demonstrates the effectiveness and potential value of using this system to tag genes in wheat.

The reactions of Canadian spring wheat genotypes to inoculation with Claviceps purpurea, the causal agent of ergot

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Claviceps Purpurea ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Wheat Lines

Ergot, caused by Claviceps purpurea, can be a detrimental pathogen of wheat because the sclerotia of this fungus are toxic to animals and humans. The purpose of this work was to determine if currently registered Canadian wheat cultivars and experimental wheat lines differ in their reactions to C. purpurea and to determine if different classes of wheat [Canadian Western Red Spring (CWRS), Canadian Prairie Spring (CPS), Canadian Western Extra Strong (CWES), Canadian Western Soft White Spring (CWSWS), and Canadian Western Amber Durum (CWAD)] differ in their levels of resistance. Fifty-four wheat genotypes from different western Canadian classes of wheat were inoculated with a mixture of six isolates of C. purpurea and assessed for the number of sclerotia produced per spike and rated for sclerotial size produced and the amount of honeydew produced. In general, CWAD wheats produced significantly fewer sclerotia per spike and the CWSWS wheats had significantly smaller sclerotia. None of the classes differed in honeydew production. One CWAD genotype, 9260B-173A, had the fewest sclerotia, and the lowest ratings for sclerotial size, and amount of honeydew produced compared to the other wheat genotypes tested. Key words: Hexaploid wheat, durum wheat, Triticum turgidum var. durum, T. aestivum, ergot, Claviceps purpurea, resistance, sclerotia size, honeydew

Choose you own scientific experiment: Triggering debris flows and flash floods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Turkington
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Scientific Experiment

Landslides and flash floods result in many fatalities around the globe. Understanding what triggers these events is therefore vital, although how to approach this problem is not straight forward. After background information for the experiment and some guidelines, two options are presented to learn more about the triggers of debris flows: (A) using rainfall or (B) the atmospheric conditions. You can then choose the option that appears more useful and interesting to you (you can always go back and read the other experiment afterwards). The article then ends with a reflection on the results.

scholarly journals Angolan vegetable crops have unique genotypes of potential value for future breeding programmes

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José P. Domingos ◽  
Ana M. Fita ◽  
María B. Picó ◽  
Alicia Sifres ◽  
Isabel H. Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Dependence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Abstract A survey was carried out in Angola with the aim of collecting vegetable crops. Collecting expeditions were conducted in Kwanza-Sul, Benguela, Huíla and Namibe Provinces and a total of 80 accessions belonging to 22 species was collected from farmers and local markets. Species belonging to the Solanaceae (37 accessions) and Cucurbitaceae (36 accessions) families were the most frequently found with pepper and eggplant being the predominant solanaceous crops collected. Peppers were sold in local markets as a mixture of different types, even different species: Capsicum chinense, C. baccatum, C. frutescens and C. pubescens. Most of the eggplant accessions collected belonged to Solanum aethiopicum L. Gilo Group, the so-called ‘scarlet eggplant’. Cucurbita genus was better represented than the other cucurbit crops. A high morphological variation was present in the Cucurbita maxima and C. moschata accessions. A set of 22 Cucurbita accessions from Angola, along with 32 Cucurbita controls from a wide range of origins, was cultivated in Valencia, Spain and characterised based on morphology and molecularity using a set of 15 microsatellite markers. A strong dependence on latitude was found in most of the accessions and as a result, many accessions did not set fruit. The molecular analysis showed high molecular variability and uniqueness in the collected accessions, as shown by their segregation from the set of global controls. In summary, the material collected is quite valuable because of its uniqueness and the potential of the breeding characteristics it possesses.

The Economics of Health and Migration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osea Giuntella ◽  
Timothy J. Halliday
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Economics Of Health ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The One ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Migration And Health ◽  
Better Than

Migration and health are intimately connected. It is known that migrants tend to be healthier than non-migrants. However, the mechanisms for this association are elusive. On the one hand, the costs of migration are lower for healthier people, thereby making it easier for the healthy to migrate. Empirical evidence from a variety of contexts shows that the pre-migration health of migrants is better than it is for non-migrants, indicating that there is positive health-based selection in migration. On the other hand, locations can be viewed as a bundle of traits including but not limited to environmental conditions, healthcare quality, and violence. Each of these can impact health. Evidence shows that moving from locations with high mortality to low mortality can reduce mortality risks. Consistent with this, migration can increase mortality risk if it leads to greater exposure to risk factors for disease. The health benefits enjoyed by migrants can also be found in their children. However, these advantages erode with successive generations.

Towards MDA Software Evolution

2010 ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Liliana María Favre
Keyword(s):  
Software Evolution ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
The Other ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Software Engineering Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Over Time

This chapter discusses software evolution, challenges and strategic directions in the context of MDA. Various authors agreed that it is difficult to define completely software and then, software evolution. Software is certainly more that bits stored in a file, it is an abstract idea that encompasses the concepts, algorithms embodied in the implementation as well as all its associated artifacts and processes. Research seems to confirm that computer software and process software have much in common. Osterweil (2003) assures that software processes are software too. In other paper (Osterweil, 2007), he suggests analyzing the nature of software and proposes to define taxonomies for exploring characteristics and approaches to the development, verification of qualities and software evolution. The exploration of these questions is an important current of software engineering research. On the other hand, evolution is defined as a process of gradual change and development from fewer and simpler forms to higher, more complex, or better ones. In biology, evolution is related to develop over time often many generations, into forms that are better adapted to survive changes in their environment. Thus, evolution captures the notion of something improving and changes occur in species in successive generations, i.e. individuals get old and species evolve. Jazayeri (2005) analyzes the definition of software evolution. The concept of “specie” in software may be associated to meta-levels describing families (species) of software systems. These meta-levels or architectures are created as improvements to previous existing ones and describe evolved families of software systems.

scholarly journals An experimental Investigation of the Impact of Personality Disorder Diagnosis on Clinicians: Can We See Past the Borderline?

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny C.K. Lam ◽  
Elena V. Poplavskaya ◽  
Paul M. Salkovskis ◽  
Lorna I. Hogg ◽  
Holly Panting
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Descriptive Information ◽  
Diagnostic Labels ◽  
Diagnostic Label ◽  
The Impact

Background: There is concern that diagnostic labels for psychiatric disorders may invoke damaging stigma, stereotypes and misunderstanding. Aims: This study investigated clinicians’ reactions to diagnostic labelling by examining their positive and negative reactions to the label borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method: Mental health professionals (n = 265) viewed a videotape of a patient suffering from panic disorder and agoraphobia undergoing assessment. Prior to viewing the videotape, participants were randomly allocated to one of three conditions and were given the following information about the patient: (a) general background information; (b) additional descriptive information about behaviour corresponding to BPD; and (c) additional descriptive information about behaviour corresponding to BPD, but explicitly adding BPD as a possible comorbid diagnostic label. All participants were then asked to note things they had seen in the videotape that made them feel optimistic or pessimistic about treatment outcome. Results: Participants in the group that were explicitly informed that the patient had a BPD diagnostic label reported significantly fewer reasons to be optimistic than the other two groups. Conclusions: Diagnostic labels may negatively impact on clinicians’ judgments and perceptions of individuals and therefore clinicians should think carefully about whether, and how, they use diagnoses and efforts should be made to destigmatize diagnostic terms.

Registration of Five Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat and Seven Bread Wheat Lines Resistant to Wheat Spot Blotch

Crop Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1653-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mujeeb‐Kazi ◽  
S. Cano ◽  
V. Rosas ◽  
A. Cortes ◽  
R. Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals Understanding Public Hurricane Evacuation Decisions and Responses to Forecast and Warning Messages*

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Morss ◽  
Julie L. Demuth ◽  
Jeffrey K. Lazo ◽  
Katherine Dickinson ◽  
Heather Lazrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Information Source ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Hurricane Evacuation ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types

Abstract This study uses data from a survey of coastal Miami-Dade County, Florida, residents to explore how different types of forecast and warning messages influence evacuation decisions, in conjunction with other factors. The survey presented different members of the public with different test messages about the same hypothetical hurricane approaching Miami. Participants’ responses to the information were evaluated using questions about their likelihood of evacuating and their perceptions of the information and the information source. Recipients of the test message about storm surge height and the message about extreme impacts from storm surge had higher evacuation intentions, compared to nonrecipients. However, recipients of the extreme-impacts message also rated the information as more overblown and the information source as less reliable. The probabilistic message about landfall location interacted with the other textual messages in unexpected ways, reducing the other messages’ effects on evacuation intentions. These results illustrate the importance of considering trade-offs, unintended effects, and information interactions when deciding how to convey weather information. Recipients of the test message that described the effectiveness of evacuation had lower perceptions that the information was overblown, suggesting the potential value of efficacy messaging. In addition, respondents with stronger individualist worldviews rated the information as significantly more overblown and had significantly lower evacuation intentions. This illustrates the importance of understanding how and why responses to weather messages vary across subpopulations. Overall, the analysis demonstrates the potential value of systematically investigating how different people respond to different types of weather risk messages.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Unvisible: Seeing and Unseeing in China Mievelle's The City & The City

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Marks
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Invisible

Visibility is central to surveillance, but the term is both complex and ambiguous. This article seeks to  add to that complexity and prdocutively investigate the ambiguity by putting forward the concept of the 'unvisible' represented in China Mieviile's recent dystopian novel, The City & The City. Mieville's fiction depicts a world in which characters live in two cities that occupy the same space--are, in the novel's terms, 'topolgangers'. In order to maintain this curious situation, people from one city are required to unsee those from the other, to make them unvisible.  Failure to do so incures punishment from a surveillance force. These and other inventive notions challenge what constitutes visibility.  Briefly addressing ideas on visibility by surveillance theorists, the article argues that The City & The City usefully tests out those ideas. Gary T. Marx has written about the potential 'gradations' between the visible and the invisible. Through a detalied reading of the novel, the article argues for the potential value of the 'unvisible' in those gradations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document