Characterisation of BcMF10, a novel gene involved in pollen wall development of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Jiashu Cao ◽  
Ai-Hong Zhang ◽  
Yu-Chao Zhang ◽  
Yi-Qun Ye

Comparative expression profiling of flower buds in two male sterile lines [genic male sterile (GMS) and cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS)] with its male fertile maintainer line in Chinese cabbage pak-choi was performed using cDNA-AFLP technology to identify the genes implicated in male sterility. A novel gene BcMF10, sharing high sequence similarity to the function-unknown DUF1216 family in Arabidopsis was isolated, whose expression was absent in the flower buds of the GMS and CMS lines but present in the male fertile maintainer line. Temporal and spatial expression pattern analysis revealed that BcMF10 began to be expressed in tapetal cells and microspores during meiosis. Expression in tapetal cells was persistent until the degeneration of tapetum, and expression in microspores reached a peak during the tetrad stage but gradually declined as development proceeded. RNA interference technology was used to address the biological function of BcMF10. The RNAi transgenic Chinese cabbage pak-choi lines showed normal vegetative growth and reproductive development, but poor pollen germination. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that most of the transgenic pollen was deformed and exhibited an irregular shape with an abnormal number and distribution of germinal furrows. It is speculated that BcMF10 may encode a protein that plays a role in the formation of intine wall.

2009 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 632-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Wan-zhi Ye ◽  
Ting-ting Liu ◽  
Jia-shu Cao

Cytological features of ‘Aijiaohuang’ chinese cabbage-pak-choi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis) Bcajh97-01A/B genic male-sterile AB line were examined to determine phenotypic reasons for male sterility. The sterile line Bcajh97-01A was found to undergo aberrant cytokinesis during male meiosis. Transcriptional profiling of the flower buds of both fertile and sterile plants was performed at the periods preceding meiosis, at the tetrad to uninucleate pollen period, and at the binucleate to mature pollen period. Transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) from corresponding genes that were expressed in flower buds at these three different stages could be divided into nine classes. We sequenced a total of 14 new TDFs that were differentially displayed at particular pollen developmental stages, including eight genes with unknown or hypothetical functions and six genes showing significant homology with known genes. This characterization of the Bcajh97-01A genic male-sterile line allowed the identification of candidate genes underlying genic male sterility.


1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry T. Horner Jr. ◽  
Milton A. Rogers

In the male-fertile line of pepper, microsporogenesis and pollen development are normal. During meiosis, the meiocytes become encased in callose and a locular cavity forms. A rudimentary pollen wall, preceded by primexine deposition, is formed at the tetrad stage around the microspores before their release from the callose. The tapetum remains peripheral in the locule until the vacuolate pollen stage when it disappears. The sporogenous cells of the cytoplasmic male-sterile line complete meiosis, and the callose-encased microspores also deposit a primexine. Further development of the microspores is arrested. Before and during meiosis the tapetal cells become highly vacuolate and remain appressed to the meiocytes; a locular cavity is not formed. After primexine deposition, the tetrads of microspores, which are still encased in callose, seem to collapse as they are encroached upon by the vacuolate tapetum. After abortion of the microspores the outer tapetal layer degenerates, followed by the inner tapetal layer. The aborted mass late in anther development consists of crushed microspore tetrads, primary walls of the sporogenous cells and tapetum, callose, and the collapsed tapetum. The manner of abortion in pepper is compared with previously described mechanisms.


HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 823C-823
Author(s):  
Charles F. Forney ◽  
Michael A. Jordan

Methanethiol (MT) is a volatile compound responsible for the strong off-odor that is evolved when fresh broccoli is held under anaerobic atmospheres. Inductive atmospheres can develop in modified-atmosphere packages, resulting in reduced quality. To determine if related vegetables are capable of producing MT, 12 different vegetables from the genus Brassica were cut into ready-to-eat forms. Fifty-gram samples of these cut vegetables were sealed in 500-ml glass jars and flushed with N2. After flushing, jars were held for 24 h at 20C in the dark. Headspace samples from the jars then were analyzed for MT and other volatiles using a GC-MS> The concentration of MT was greatest in jars containing broccoli florets. Broccoli flower buds removed from florets produced 40 times more MT than peduncle and stem tissues (38.3 vs. 0.87 mmol·m–3). Headspace concentration of MT (mmol·m–3) in jars containing these different vegetables was: broccoli florets, 22.7; pak choi leaf blades, 17.8; savoy cabbage, 12.4; broccoflower, 7.5; green storage cabbage, 5.2; red cabbage, 2.7; kale, 0.81; Brussels sprouts, 0.36; pak choi petioles, 0.28; rutabaga root, 0.26; cauliflower florets, 0.18; Chinese cabbage, 0.03; and kohlrabi tubers, 0.02. In addition to MT, ethanol, dimethyl disulfide, and dimethyl trisulfide were detected in the headspace over each of the 12 vegetables. The contribution of these induced compounds to off-odor development in packaged, precut vegetables will be discussed.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Jie ◽  
Aziz Khan ◽  
Zhou Bujin ◽  
Zhou Qiong ◽  
Najeeb Ullah ◽  
...  

Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) system has extensively been exploited for hybrid vigor in plant breeding programs. However, its application in many crops is limited due to poor understanding of molecular mechanism of fertility restoration. Using advanced analytical approaches, we elucidated molecular pathways regulating CMS induction and fertility restoration in cotton. Reproductive structures of a novel CMS (LD6A) and its maintainer (LD6B) line were analyzed for physiological and proteomic changes during the development process. Significant differential expression of proteins, such as Abrin, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase, histone acetyltransferase was observed in CMS and its maintainer line. Transmission electron micrographs of anther tapetum showed that inner ridge of CMS mitochondria was relatively indistinct than that of LD6B with narrower membranous space at tetrad stage. Further, relatively higher reactive oxygen species were accumulated in the anther of CMS than its maintainer line at pollen mother cell and tetrad stage. We suggest that abnormal sequence of mitochondrial ribosome gene rps4 and rpl10 and high expression of ribosome-inactivating protein gene Abrin in CMS line damaged mitochondrial membrane and consequently induced pollen sterility. These data provide new insight into CMS mechanism in cotton crops and a tool to develop new CMS germplasm resources.


HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Heath ◽  
Elizabeth D. Earle ◽  
Michael H. Dickson

Cold-tolerant, Ogura male-sterile, somatic hybrid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) lines were used as maternal parents in two independent introgression experiments. In one experiment, an atrazine-sensitive B. napus (aacc) somatic hybrid was crossed directly with a male-fertile pak choi (B. campestris Chinensis Group, aa) accession. Allotriploid (sac) progeny were then backcrossed to the recurrent pak choi parent. Forty-five percent of the progeny from the first backcross were determined to be diploids (aa). In the other experiment, an atrazine-resistant B. napus somatic hybrid was crossed first to a bridge line. Three additional backcross generations to Chinese cabbage (B. campestris Pekinensis Group) resulted in Chinese cabbage resistant to black rot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris). These materials may be useful for production of B. campestris hybrid vegetable seed.


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Zhan SHI ◽  
Zheng-Jie WAN ◽  
Yue-Jin XU ◽  
Rui-Chang ZOU ◽  
Tao HUANG ◽  
...  

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