Development of fruit cuticle in cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Domínguez ◽  
Gloria López-Casado ◽  
Jesús Cuartero ◽  
Antonio Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Cellulose Material ◽  
Cuticle Formation ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Cuticle Thickness

The cuticle of a plant plays an important role in many physiological events of fruit development and ripening. Despite this, little is known about cuticle formation and development. We include a detailed morphological study at the microscopic level of cuticle during fruit growth and ripening using tomato as a fruit model. In addition, a study of the differences in cuticle thickness and composition during development is included. The four genotypes studied in this work showed a similar timing of the main morphological events: initiation of epidermal differentiation, changes in the distribution of the lipid, pectin and cellulose material within the cuticle, appearance of pegs, beginning of cuticle invaginations, maximum thickness and loss of polysaccharidic material. Fruit growth, measured by fruit diameter, showed a positive correlation with the increase of cuticle thickness and the amount of cuticle and their cutin and polysaccharide components per fruit unit during development. By contrast, cuticle waxes showed a different behaviour. Two important characteristics of cuticle growth were observed during tomato fruit development. First, the amount of cuticle per surface area reached its maximum in the first 15 days after anthesis and remained more or less constant until ripening. Second, there was a significant loss of polysaccharidic material from the beginning of ripening (breaker stage) to full red ripe.

scholarly journals The effect of the blue light on the pericarp cell growth and lycopene content of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Dien Thi Kieu Pham ◽  
Kiet Thuong Do ◽  
Sanh Du Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Lycopene Content

The cherry tomato fruit size depends on the growth of the pericarp which is parenchymal cells. The blue light stimulates the expansion of cotyledon cells, hypocotyl cells and leaf cells. In this study, the cherry tomato fruit was used as a material to investigate the effects of the blue light on the pericarp cells growth in fruit growth stage and lycopene accumulation in fruit growth and ripening stage. After 7 days of the blue light (440, 450 or 460 nm) treatment, pericarp cells growth and physiological, biochemical changes of the pericarp cells of 7-day-old fruit pericarp piece in vitro were analyzed. The lycopene content and some organic compound contents of 42-day-old postharvest fruits treated by the blue light similarly in 7 days and 7, 21-day-old fruit wrapped with blue filter (440-510 nm filtered) in 7 days were measured. The results showed that the 450 nm wavelength blue light the increased pericarp thickness of 7-day-old fruits through the increasement of the pericarp cell diameter. The 460 nm wavelength blue light the increased lycopene content of 42-day-old postharvest fruits. The blue filter treatment increased the sugar total content of 7- day-old fruits and increased the lycopene content of 21-day-old fruits.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHROMES B1/B2 ARE KEY REGULATORS OF EPIGENOME REPROGRAMMING DURING TOMATO FRUIT DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Bianchetti ◽  
Nicolas Bellora ◽  
Luis A de Haro ◽  
Rafael Zuccarelli ◽  
Daniele Rosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Temperature Perception ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Histone Modifying Enzymes ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Agronomical Traits

AbstractPhytochrome-mediated light and temperature perception has been shown to be a major regulator of fruit development. Furthermore, chromatin remodelling via DNA demethylation has been described as a crucial mechanism behind the fruit ripening process; however, the molecular basis underlying the triggering of this epigenetic modification remains largely unknown. Here, an integrative analyses of the methylome, siRNAome and transcriptome of tomato fruits from phyA and phyB1B2 null mutants was performed, revealing that PHYB1 and PHYB2 influences genome-wide DNA methylation during fruit development and ripening. The experimental evidence indicates that PHYB1B2 signal transduction relies on a gene expression network that includes chromatin organization factors (DNA methylases/demethylases, histone-modifying enzymes and remodelling factors) and transcriptional regulators, ultimately leading to altered mRNA profile of photosynthetic and ripening-associated genes. This new level of understanding provides insights into the orchestration of epigenetic mechanisms in response to environmental cues affecting agronomical traits in fleshy fruits.

scholarly journals Genetic regulation and structural changes during tomato fruit development and ripening

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Pesaresi ◽  
Chiara Mizzotti ◽  
Monica Colombo ◽  
Simona Masiero
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening

scholarly journals Reduced 5'-Methylthioadenosine Nucleosidase and 5-Methylthioribose Activities and Ethylene Biosynthesis in Nonripening Tomato Mutants `Rin' and `Nor' Relative to Ripening Tomato `Rutgers'

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 687f-688
Author(s):  
Chunlin Xiao ◽  
Mosbah M. Kushad
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Ethylene Synthesis ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Relationship Of

5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) nucleosidase (EC.2.2.2.28) and 5-methylthioribose (MTR) kinase (EC.2.7.1.100) activities were evaluated in `rin', `nor', and `Rutgers' tomato fruit during development and ripening. Changes in the activities of these enzymes were compared to ethylene biosynthesis. MTA nucleosidase and MTR kinase activities in `rin' and `nor' were ≈30% and 22%, respectively, lower than `Rutgers' during the first 2 weeks of fruit development. In `Rutgers', activities of these enzymes declined sharply until fruit maturity. Shortly before climacteric rise in ethylene synthesis, MTA nucleosidase, and MTR kinase activities increased, reaching a maximum level before peak ethylene synthesis then declined when fruit started to approach senescence. Whereas, `rin' and `nor' mutants exhibited no climacteric rise in ethylene synthesis and no change in MTA nucleosidase or MTR kinase activities, following their decline after 2 weeks of growth. A rapid increase in ethylene synthesis was observed when mature green `rin' and `nor' fruit were wounded. This increase in ethylene was paralleled by an increase in MTA nucleosidase and MTR kinase activities. However, increase in wound ethylene, MTA nucleosidase, and MTR kinase activities in `rin' and `nor' was ≈40% less than what we had previously reported in `Rutgers'. Relationship of MTA and MTR kinase activities to fruit growth, development, ripening, and natural and wound ethylene biosynthesis will be described.

Model-based classification of tomato fruit development and ripening related to physiological maturity

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Van de Poel ◽  
I. Bulens ◽  
M.L.A.T.M. Hertog ◽  
L. Van Gastel ◽  
M.P. De Proft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening

POLYAMINE LEVELS AND ETHYLENE PRODUCTION IN TOMATO FRUIT DEVELOPMENT AND RIPENING

1995 ◽  
pp. 463-469
Author(s):  
M.C. Martínez-Madrid ◽  
M.S. Almansa ◽  
M. Serrano ◽  
F. Riquelme ◽  
F. Romojaro
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening

scholarly journals Tomato Fruit Development and Ripening Are Altered by the Silencing of LeEIN2 Gene

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1478-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Liang Zhu ◽  
Ben-Zhong Zhu ◽  
Yi Shao ◽  
Xiao-Guang Wang ◽  
Xi-Jin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening
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