Diversity, complementary distributions and taxonomy of Rhagada land snails (Gastropoda : Camaenidae) on the Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Johnson ◽  
Sean Stankowski ◽  
Peter G. Kendrick ◽  
Zoë R. Hamilton ◽  
Roy J. Teale
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Local Sampling ◽  
Geographic Overlap

Phylogenetic diversity of Rhagada land snails is high on the Burrup Peninsula, Western Australia, with four distinct clades, representing three of the four major clades of the Pilbara region. Detailed sampling indicated little geographic overlap of the four clades, conforming to the general rarity of congeneric sympatry in Australian camaenids. The diversity on the Burrup Peninsula includes three previously unclassified morphotypes. One of these lies within the broad endemic clade of the adjacent Dampier Archipelago, and is provisionally assigned to the island species R. perprima, based on phylogenetic evidence. The two other undescribed morphotypes constitute an endemic clade that is the sister group of the broader Dampier Archipelago clade. All COI p-distances within clades are less than 6%, whereas nearly all distances between clades exceed 10%, the gap corresponding to differences among species of Rhagada generally. One morphotype in the Burrup Peninsula endemic clade has a low spire and a distinctive keel, and is restricted to a single rockpile. Detailed local sampling revealed gradation between this form and the more widely distributed globose morphotype. On the basis of genetic similarity and morphological continuity, we describe the morphologically variable endemic Burrup Peninsula clade as Rhagada ngurrana, sp. nov., which has a distribution spanning only 9 km.

scholarly journals Endemic evolutionary radiation of Rhagada land snails (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) in a continental archipelago in northern Western Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL S. JOHNSON ◽  
ZOË R. HAMILTON ◽  
ROY TEALE ◽  
PETER G. KENDRICK
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Evolutionary Radiation

Repeated evolution of an undescribed morphotype of Rhagada (Gastropoda : Camaenidae) from the inland Pilbara, Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë R. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Repeated Evolution ◽  
Harsh Conditions

An undescribed small, banded morphotype of Rhagada land snails occurs widely in the rocky inland Pilbara region, Western Australia. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes revealed that this novel morphotype is polyphyletic, comprising four distinct major clades, with divergences up to 21.4% at COI. These clades are apparently morphologically cryptic, with no obvious shell differences. Two of these species are associated with the major clade of Rhagada in the Pilbara mainland, one of which appears to be a variant of the larger, more globose species R. pilbarana, which occurs within 20km proximity. The other two small, banded species are phylogenetically distinct from each other and all other known Rhagada. This small, banded morphotype shows evidence for both plesiomorphy and homoplasy. The morphotype has evolved independently at least twice, and is associated with the reasonably uniform habitat and harsh conditions in the elevated hinterland of the inland Pilbara. The broad distribution of the inland, small, banded morphotype conforms to the pattern of broad-scale uniformity of shells of the more coastal species of Rhagada. Its repeated evolution, however, confirms that the morphological uniformity is not simply because of common ancestry, supporting the theory that shell form in Rhagada is adapted to a broadly homogenous environment. Shell morphology in this genus has been demonstrated on more than one occasion to have the potential to adapt to different available environments, and hence shells should be used with a degree of caution for taxonomic interpretation.

Karripurcellia, a new pettalid genus (Arachnida : Opiliones : Cyphophthalmi) from Western Australia, with a cladistic analysis of the family Pettalidae

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Anal Glands ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Species Cluster ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group Relationships

Examination of museum specimens belonging to the cyphophthalmid Gondwanan family Pettalidae has rendered a collection of specimens placed in the new genus Karripurcellia. The genus includes three species, K.�peckorum, sp. nov., K. sierwaldae, sp. nov. and K. harveyi, sp. nov., from the Pemberton area in Western Australia. These are the first cyphophthalmid species found outside Queensland in Australia. Karripurcellia, gen. nov. is distinguished from other Australian pettalids by the lack of modifications in the anal plate, as well as the lack of the typical male anal glands of pettalids, sironids and the stylocellid genus Fangensis Rambla, 1994. Two of the species, K. peckorum, sp. nov. and K. sierwaldae, sp. nov., live sympatrically and have been collected in the same litter samples in one locality. The proposition of the new genus is accompanied by a cladistic analysis of all pettalid genera and most species within each genus, with the exception of the species-rich genus Rakaia Hirst, 1925. The cladistic analysis supports the monophyly of the Karripurcellia, gen. nov. species, but their sister-group relationships are unclear. However, the remaining Australian species cluster with the pettalids from New Zealand and South Africa, but not with Karripurcellia, sp. nov.

Camaenid Land Sanil Reproductive Cycle and Growth Patterns in Semiarid Areas of North Western Australia

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Solem ◽  
CC Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
North Western

Dissections of camaenid land snails collected in the Kimberley Region of north-western Australia between 1975 and 1980 reveal a general pattern of sexual maturation. Snails reach half adult shell size in the wet season of their birth, reach adult shell size and become mature males at the end of their second wet season, and function as males at the beginning of their third wet season; the female genitalia mature near the end of this season; and snails function as both males and females in their fourth and subsequent wet seasons. A life span of >8 years is demonstrated. Seasonal genital variation in adults involves: (1) gross size reduction of the apical genitalia during the mid-wet season, which provides maximum space for food storage, thereby allowing survival during aestivation over the long dry season; (2) becoming male active at or shortly before the normal start ofthe wet season at that particular locality; (3) activation of the female system after the first rains of the wet season. Adult shell size is hypothesized to depend upon moisture conditions near the end ofthe snail's second wet season: any early interruption of moisture supply causes growth to stop at a lower whorl count and produces smaller adults; favourable moisture conditions allow extended growth time, with cessation occurring at a higher whorl count, and producing a larger sized adult.

scholarly journals A New Orbivirus Isolated from Mosquitoes in North-Western Australia Shows Antigenic and Genetic Similarity to Corriparta Virus but Does Not Replicate in Vertebrate Cells

Viruses ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Harrison ◽  
David Warrilow ◽  
Breeanna McLean ◽  
Daniel Watterson ◽  
Caitlin O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
North Western

Predicting the ecological impact of cane toads (Bufo marinus) on threatened camaenid land snails in north-western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pearson ◽  
Matthew Greenlees ◽  
Georgia Ward-Fear ◽  
Richard Shine
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Habitat Overlap ◽  
Litoria Caerulea ◽  
North Western

The spread of cane toads (Bufo marinus) through north-western Australia may threaten populations of endemic camaenid land snails because these snails exhibit restricted geographic distributions, low vagility and ‘slow’ life-histories. We conducted laboratory trials to determine whether toads would consume camaenids if they encountered them, and conducted field surveys to evaluate the likelihood of such encounters (on the basis of habitat overlap). In laboratory trials with 13 camaenid species, cane toads were more likely to consume camaenids than were two species of native frogs that we tested (Cyclorana australis, Litoria caerulea). However, field surveys suggested that many camaenids are active on vertical surfaces in limestone outcrops, and cane toads rarely venture into these habitats. Although the preferred habitats and activity patterns of camaenids thus reduce their vulnerability to cane toads, we recommend regular surveys of toad and snail numbers to monitor toad impacts. Given the restricted distributions of threatened saxicoline camaenid species in the Kimberley, localised management of grazing stock and fire is feasible to maintain vine-thicket vegetation cover and snail populations, as well as reducing open habitats favoured by toads.

Obscuromyia, a remarkable new genus of the endemic Australian tribe Myiotrixini (Diptera : Tachinidae : Tachininae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Barraclough ◽  
James O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Segment 8 ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
The Relationship

The endemic Australian tribe Myiotrixini is reviewed and a new genus andspecies described. The monotypic genus Myiotrixa Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893, is known from all States except the NorthernTerritory, but has been most frequently collected from south-easternAustralia; the single species, M. prosopina, is aparasite of the native Australian cockroachPlatyzosteria castanea Brunner.Obscuromyia, a new monotypic genus of Myiotrixini fromnorthern Western Australia, is described and the relationship between it andMyiotrixa discussed. Striking synapomorphies of the maleand female terminalia corroborate the sister-group relationship betweenObscuromyia and Myiotrixa. These synapomorphies are the medially fused pregonites which encircle the base ofthe aedeagal apodeme in the male, and in the female the lack of sclerotisedsternites in most of the abdomen and ovipositor, and the non-extensible andnon-piercing ovipositor in which segment 8 forms a sclerotised cylinderincised dorsally and ventrally. A revised diagnosis of the Myiotrixini isprovided along with a diagnostic key to the two genera.

Australocosmica,A New Genus of Land Snails from the Kimberley, Western Australia (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae)

Malacologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Land Snails

A phylogeny for the genus Isoodon and a range extension for I. obesulus peninsulae based on mtDNA control region and morphology

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Pope ◽  
Daryn Storch ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Craig Moritz ◽  
Greg Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Control Region ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Mtdna Control Region ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Far North ◽  
Control Region Sequences

Short-nosed bandicoots, Isoodon, have undergone marked range contractions since European colonisation of Australia and are currently divided into many subspecies, the validity of which is debated. Discriminant function analysis of morphology and a phylogeny of Isoodon based on mtDNA control region sequences indicate a clear split between two of the three recognised species, I. macrourus and I. obesulus/auratus. However, while all previously recognised taxa within the I. obesulus/auratus group are morphologically distinct,I. auratus and I. obesulus are not phylogenetically distinct for mtDNA. The genetic divergence between I. obesulus and I. auratus (2.6%) is similar to that found among geographic isolates of the former (I. o. obesulus and I. o. peninsulae: 2.7%). Further, the divergence between geographically close populations of two different species (I. o. obesulus from Western Australia and I. a. barrowensis: 1.2%) is smaller than that among subspecies within I. auratus (I. a. barrowensisand I. auratus from northern Western Australia: 1.7%). A newly discovered population of Isoodon in the Lamb Range, far north Queensland, sympatric with a population ofI. m. torosus, is shown to represent a range extension of I. o. peninsulae (350 km). It seems plausible that what is currently considered as two species, I. obesulus and I. auratus, was once one continuous species now represented by isolated populations that have diverged morphologically as a consequence of adaptation to the diverse environments that occur throughout their range. The taxonomy of these populations is discussed in relation to their morphological distinctiveness and genetic similarity.

Taxonomic notes on three Australian and Norfolk Island species of Glycine Willd. (Fabaceae: Phaseolae) including the choice of a Neotype for G.clandestina Wendl.

Brunonia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Tindale
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New South ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Island Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
A New Species

Explanations are made for the choice of a neotype from Kurnell, Botany Bay, N.S.W., Australia. A new combination is made for G. microphylla from Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania) and Norfolk Island. A new species, G. arenaria, is described from the East Kimberley District of Western Australia, and the Northern Territory. The three species are illustrated in detail. Keys are provided to distinguish these taxa from their allies.

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