Determining the position of Diomocoris, Micromimetus and Taylorilygus in the Lygus-complex based on molecular data and first records of Diomocoris and Micromimetus from Australia, including four new species (Insecta : Hemiptera : Miridae : Mirinae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna A. Namyatova ◽  
Michael D. Schwartz ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
First Time

The Lygus-complex is one of the most taxonomically challenging groups of Miridae (Heteroptera), and its Australian fauna is poorly studied. Here we examine the Australian taxa of the Lygus-complex using morphological and molecular methods. After a detailed morphological study of the material collected throughout Australia, Taylorilygus nebulosus is transferred to Diomocoris, with the genus recorded for the first time in this country. Taylorilygus apicalis, also widely distributed in Australia, is redescribed on the basis of Australian material. The genus Micromimetus is recorded for the first time in Australia, with M. celiae, sp. nov., M. hannahae, sp. nov., M. nikolai, sp. nov. and M. shofneri, sp. nov. described as new to science. Micromimetus pictipes is redescribed and its distributional range is increased. The monophyly of the Lygus-complex and relationships within this group were tested using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA markers. The Lygus-complex has been found to be non-monophyletic. Phylogeny confirmed the monophyly of Micromimetus, and it has shown that Taylorilygus apicalis is closer to Micromimetus species than to Diomocoris nebulosus. This study is the initial step in understanding the Lygus-complex phylogeny; analyses with more taxa, more genes and morphology are needed to reveal the interrelationships within this group, and sister-group relationships of Australian taxa. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7393D96B-2BBA-438D-A134-D372EFE7FB9E

A century later - a total evidence re-evaluation of the phylogeny of scutigeromorph centipedes (Myriapoda:Chilopoda)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Group Relationships

Scutigeromorpha (‘house centipedes’) play a pivotal role in myriapod systematics in being the sister group to all other chilopods, but their internal phylogeny has not been comprehensively appraised since K. W. Verhoeff’s morphological investigations a century ago. Relationships between the three families of Scutigeromorpha are inferred based on a combined analysis of approximately 5.5 Kb of sequence data from five molecular markers (complete 18S rRNA, a 2.2-Kb fragment of 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, histone H3) and 33 ingroup morphological characters. Molecular data are available for 19 ingroup terminals representing 14 morphospecies that include the genera Scutigerina, Madagassophora (family Scutigerinidae), Sphendononema (family Pselliodidae), Scutigera, Thereuopoda, Thereuopodina, Thereuonema, Allothereua and Parascutigera (family Scutigeridae). Morphology resolves the southern African–Malagasy Scutigerinidae as sister to all other Scutigeromorpha, whereas rival sister-group relationships between the Neotropical–Afrotropical Pselliodidae and Scutigerinidae + Scutigeridae or Pselliodidae + Scutigerinidae and Scutigeridae are resolved by the molecular and combined analyses. Monophyly of Scutigeridae and Thereuoneminae are stable across a broad range of analytical parameters. Thereuoneminae is composed of two stable clades: an Allothereua + Parascutigera group, and a grouping of Thereuopoda, Thereuonema and Thereuopodina. Molecular and combined analyses resolve the genus Scutigerina and the morphospecies Scutigerina weberi as paraphyletic, in both cases with a Malagasy clade excluding populations from southern Africa.

Whale falls, multiple colonisations of the deep, and the phylogeny of Hesionidae (Annelida)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindi Summers ◽  
Fredrik Pleijel ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
New Members

Phylogenetic relationships within Hesionidae Grube, 1850 are assessed via maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) data. The analyses are based on 42 hesionid species; six of these being new species that are described here. The new species, all from deep (>200 m depth) benthic environments (including whale falls) in the eastern Pacific, are Gyptis shannonae, sp. nov., Neogyptis julii, sp. nov., Sirsoe sirikos, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia ketea, sp. nov., Vrijenhoekia falenothiras, sp. nov., and Vrijenhoekia ahabi, sp. nov. The molecular divergence among the new members of Vrijenhoekia is pronounced enough to consider them cryptic species, even though we cannot distinguish among them morphologically. Our results also showed that the subfamily Hesioninae Grube, 1850, as traditionally delineated, was paraphyletic. We thus restrict Hesioninae to include only Hesionini Grube, 1850 and refer the remaining members to Psamathinae Pleijel, 1998. The present study increases the number of hesionid species associated with whale falls from one to six and markedly increases the number of described deep-sea hesionid taxa. There appear to have been multiple colonisations of the deep sea from shallow waters by hesionids, though further sampling is warranted.

A molecular phylogeny of the circum-Antarctic Opiliones family Neopilionidae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Giribet ◽  
Kate Sheridan ◽  
Caitlin M. Baker ◽  
Christina J. Painting ◽  
Gregory I. Holwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
South American ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The Family

The Opiliones family Neopilionidae is restricted to the terranes of the former temperate Gondwana: South America, Africa, Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand. Despite decades of morphological study of this unique fauna, it has been difficult reconciling the classic species of the group (some described over a century ago) with recent cladistic morphological work and previous molecular work. Here we attempted to investigate the pattern and timing of diversification of Neopilionidae by sampling across the distribution range of the family and sequencing three markers commonly used in Sanger-based approaches (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and cytochrome-c oxidase subunit I). We recovered a well-supported and stable clade including Ballarra (an Australian ballarrine) and the Enantiobuninae from South America, Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand, but excluding Vibone (a ballarrine from South Africa). We further found a division between West and East Gondwana, with the South American Thrasychirus/Thrasychiroides always being sister group to an Australian–Zealandian (i.e. Australia + New Zealand + New Caledonia) clade. Resolution of the Australian–Zealandian taxa was analysis-dependent, but some analyses found Martensopsalis, from New Caledonia, as the sister group to an Australian–New Zealand clade. Likewise, the species from New Zealand formed a clade in some analyses, but Mangatangi often came out as a separate lineage from the remaining species. However, the Australian taxa never constituted a monophyletic group, with Ballarra always segregating from the remaining Australian species, which in turn constituted 1–3 clades, depending on the analysis. Our results identify several generic inconsistencies, including the possibility of Thrasychiroides nested within Thrasychirus, Forsteropsalis being paraphyletic with respect to Pantopsalis, and multiple lineages of Megalopsalis in Australia. In addition, the New Zealand Megalopsalis need generic reassignment: Megalopsalis triascuta will require its own genus and M. turneri is here transferred to Forsteropsalis, as Forsteropsalis turneri (Marples, 1944), comb. nov.

scholarly journals A new species of Phrynops from Southern Brazil (Testudines, Chelidae), with comments on the phylogeny of the genus

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Rizzo Friol ◽  
Flávio de Barros Molina ◽  
Hussam El Dine Zaher
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Group Relationships ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Combined Data

Background. Phrynops present four valid species, including P. geoffroanus that might represents a complex of cryptic species. Here, we provide a preliminary analysis of the taxonomy and phylogenetic affinities within Phrynops, with special reference to the taxonomic status of populations of P. geoffroanus and P. tuberosus, and the recognition of a new species from Southern Brazil. Methods. We studied populations from ten Brazilian river basins. A linear morphometric analysis was performed in order to define taxonomically distinct populations. Also, a phylogenetic analysis using morphology and molecular data (sequenced for the genes R35, RAG2, c-mos, cytb, ND4, and 12S) were carried out. Three distinct sets of phylogenetic analyses were performed: parsimony to morphological and combined data, and maximum likelihood to molecular data. Results. The combined analysis shows that Phrynops represents a well supported clade. The set of skeletal data supports Mesoclemmys as the sister group of Phrynops, whereas the molecular and combined data sets show Phrynops as the sister group of a clade composed by all the remaining genera of Chelidae, except Hydromedusa. Our morphological analyses suggest that P. hilarii is the sister group of P. geoffroanus, but in both molecular and combined analyses, P. hilarii appears nested within the clade formed by the populations of P. geoffroanus. Futhermore, P. tuberosus and P. geoffroanus are not distinguishable by the set of osteological and morphometric data. On the other hand, both morphometric and osteological data show that the population of P. geoffroanus from the Paraná river basin is a distinct species. Discussion. The sister group relationships of Phrynops could not be clearly defined due to the different topologies achieved. Phrynops hilarii is included within of P. geoffroanus in both molecular and combined data, but this position has little statistical support and therefore does not express a clear position of P. hilarii within the genus Phrynops. Besides, we were not able to distinguish P. geoffroanus and P. tuberosus. However, a sampling of specific locations are still needed to objectively define the taxonomic status of P. tuberosus. Finally, the population of P. geoffroanus from the Paraná basin is clearly distinct from the remaining populations of this species. Qualitative osteological characters and morphometric results seem to demonstrate that this population is a new species of Phrynops.

Studies on Longidorus iberis (Escuer & Arias, 1997) n. comb. (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ilenia Clavero-Camacho ◽  
Gracia Liébanas ◽  
Miguel Escuer ◽  
Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete ◽  
Antonio Archidona-Yuste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
North West ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Partial 18S

Summary Specimens of a thin longidorid species collected in Peñalba (Huesca), north-west Spain, were previously described as Paralongidorus iberis. However, we conclude, through scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies on a population from about 15 km from the type locality and on paratype specimens, that this species was originally placed in the wrong genus. Both populations have pore-like amphidial apertures, not slit-like as in Paralongidorus, and the species is therefore transferred to Longidorus. Longidorus iberis n. comb. is regarded as a valid species and is clearly different from closely related species such as L. tabernensis, L. iliturgiensis, L. alvegus and L. indalus in morphometrics and molecular markers. Molecular data are reported for the first time, including the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, partial 18S rRNA and partial mitochondrial coxI regions. These molecular markers were used for inferring the phylogenetic relationships with other species within Longidorus and Paralongidorus, all clearly separating L. iberis n. comb. from other related taxa and placing the species in the Longidorus clade, rather than with Paralongidorus.

scholarly journals Revision of the genus Emphylica Turner, 1913 based on morphology and molecular data (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 836 ◽  
pp. 113-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Chen ◽  
Qingming Liu ◽  
Jianhua Jin ◽  
Dandan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
A New Species

Moths of the genus Emphylica Turner, 1913 resemble species of Achyra Guenée, 1849, Loxostege Hübner, 1825 and Sitochroa Hübner, 1825 in having a conical frons. In order to examine the monophyly of Emphylica, and its relationship to other genera with a conical frons, a molecular phylogenetic framework is reconstructed based on sequence data of COI, 16S rRNA, 28S rRNA, EF-1α and Wg gene regions. The results robustly support the monophyly of Emphylica. Achyra + (Loxostege + Sitochroa) is in a sister position to Emphylica. A new species, E.crassihamatasp. n., is described from Southern China and two new combinations, E.diaphana (Caradja & Meyrick, 1934), comb. n. and E.cruoralis (Warren, 1895), comb. n., are proposed. An identification key based on males is provided for all Emphylica species. The adult habitus and genitalia of all species are figured.

scholarly journals Revision of the genus Epiparbattia Caradja, 1925 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae), based on morphology and molecular data

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Lanbin Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
A New Species ◽  
General Appearance

The genus Epiparbattia Caradja, 1925 is revised based on general appearance, including genitalia. A new species, Epiparbattia multispinalis Zhang & Chen, sp. nov. is described. The external characters and genitalia morphology of all species are figured. The phylogeny of Epiparbattia species is investigated using molecular data. Monophyly of the genus is well supported by phylogenetic analysis based on sequence data of COI, 16S rRNA, EF-1α and 28S rRNA gene regions.

scholarly journals A troglobitic species of the centipede Cryptops (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha) from northwestern Botswana

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Edgecombe ◽  
Nesrine Akkari ◽  
Edward C. Netherlands ◽  
Gerhard Du Preez
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Temperate Species ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Oxidase Subunit ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Cryptops, C. (Cryptops) legagussp. nov., occurs in caves in the Koanaka and Gcwihaba Hills in northwestern Botswana. Bayesian molecular phylogenetics using 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I corroborates a morphological assignment to the subgenus Cryptops and closest affinities to southern temperate species in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The new species is not conspicuously modified as a troglomorph.

Description of the bark beetle associated nematodes Micoletzkya masseyi n. sp. and M. japonica n. sp. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae)

Nematology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Susoy ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Matthias Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Protein ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Ribosomal Protein Genes ◽  
Male Tail ◽  
Female Tail

Micoletzkya masseyi n. sp. and M. japonica n. sp. from bark beetles Orthotomicus caelatus and Dryocoetes uniseriatus, respectively, are described based on morphology and molecular data. Both species are gonochoristic and can be cultured monoxenically on bacteria. Micoletzkya masseyi n. sp. is differentiated from other species of the genus by a very short male tail, P6-P8 genital papillae arranged in a triangle and with P7 being closer to P8 than to P6, and a conoid female tail to a sharp terminus. Micoletzkya japonica n. sp. is distinct from other Micoletzkya species by the arrangement of its male papillae such that P6 and P7 are close to each other and P8 is positioned apart from them, a conoid male tail with a spicate terminus, and a small gubernaculum (ca 11 μm in length). Phylogeny of the genus was inferred using nucleotide sequences of 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, COI, and two ribosomal protein genes. Biological data for the new species are presented and the associations between Micoletzkya species and bark beetles are discussed.

A new nemertean with a branched proboscis, Gorgonorhynchus citrinus sp. nov. (Nemertea: Pilidiophora), with molecular systematics of the genus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsumi Hookabe ◽  
Cong-Mei Xu ◽  
Aoi Tsuyuki ◽  
Naoto Jimi ◽  
Shi-Chun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Cerebratulus Lacteus

Among ~1300 species of world nemerteans, seven species in five genera of lineid heteronemerteans have been known to possess a branched proboscis. In this paper, we describe the eighth branched-proboscis species: Gorgonorhynchus citrinus sp. nov. from Okinawa, Japan. We also report Gorgonorhynchus cf. repens Dakin & Fordham, 1931 with uniformly orange body, as a new member for the Japanese nemertean fauna. We infer the phylogenetic relationships between these forms and other members of Lineidae McIntosh, 1874 for which partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and the nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3 genes are available in public databases, along with newly sequenced data of another branched-proboscis heteronemertean, Polydendrorhynchus zhanjiangensis (Yin & Zheng, 1984) from China. In the resulting tree, Gorgonorhychus Dakin & Fordham, 1931 was sister group to non-branched-proboscis Dushia Corrêa, 1963, whereas P. zhanjiangensis was sister group to likewise non-branched-proboscis Cerebratulus lacteus (Leidy, 1851). http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:685992C5-F595-4C28-9178-256D945E595A

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