The ground beetle genus Casnoidea Castelnau: Taxonomy, phylogeny and zoogeography (Insecta : Coleoptera : Carabidae : Odacanthinae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Baehr
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Primitive Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Wallace’S Line ◽  
Highly Evolved

On the basis of morphological characters of adults, the odacanthine genus Casnoidea Castelnau is reviewed and a key to the species is provided. Of the 17 species, seven are described as new: Casnoidea celebensis, sp. nov., from Sulawesi, C. ceylonica, sp. nov., from Sri Lanka, C. leytensis, sp. nov., from Leyte (Philippines), C. australica, sp. nov., and C. storeyi, sp. nov., both from northern Australia, C. malickyi, sp. nov., from northern Thailand and C. brandti, sp, nov., from Bougainville (Solomon Islands). The first five species are closely related to the widespread Oriental species C. interstitialis (Schmidt-Göbel), C. malickyi is related to the Oriental species C. nigrofasciata (Schmidt-Göbel), and C. brandti is closely related to the Papuan C. gestroi (Maindron). An Australian record of the Oriental species C. indica (Thunberg) indicates an accidental introduction. For the Australian species C. puncticollis and C. thouzeti new records show more extensive ranges than known previously. C. thouzeti (Castelnau) is also a new record from New Guinea. For C. foersteri (Bouchard) a new subgenus Procasnoidea, subgen. nov., is erected because of certain aberrant and presumably plesiomorphic external and genitalic characters present in this species. On the basis of the cladistic method as proposed by Hennig, a phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis shows that Casnoidea is a young, highly evolved genus that probably originated in the so-called 'Sundaland'. Apart from some rather primitive species or dibasic species-groups (C. gestroi-group, C. puncticollis, C. indica, C. thouzeti) the subgenus Casnoidea s. str. is divided into two more diverse species groups, namely the nigrofasciata-group with C. nigrofasciata, C. bakeri, C. bhamoensis and C. malickyi, and the interstitialis-group with C. interstitialis, C. ishiii, C. celebensis, C. ceylonica, C. leytensis, C. storeyi and C. australica. Both groups combine closely related species that apparently have been derived from the same stocks with the widespread C. nigrofasciata and C. interstitialis, respectively, and the species have mostly rather restricted ranges at or beyond the margins of the range of the wide-ranging species. Phylogenetical and chorological evidence reveals that several evolutionary events occurred within the genus and that Wallace's line was probably crossed six times independently in easterly direction by the gestroi-, puncticollis-, indica and thouzeti-stocks and within the nigrofasciata- and interstitialis-groups. The Papuan and Australian subregions have been colonised by different stocks and the shared species may have colonised New Guinea rather recently from the south. For Australia at least three independent immigrations of Casnoidea species from the Oriental region are postulated, namely by the thouzeti-, puncticollis- and australica-storeyi-lineages.

Tokunagahelea, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian region with descriptions of two new species

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
AL Dyce ◽  
R Meiswinkel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
Australasian Region

Tokunagahelea is proposed as a new subgenus of the genus Culicoides Latreille to embrace three species from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Comparative descriptions of both males and females of Culicoides mikros, sp. nov., and C. geocheloneoides, sp. nov., and a redescription of the female of C. pygmaeus Tokunaga (male unknown), are presented together with a key for differentiation. C. mikros is the designated type species of the subgenus. Systematic relationships of the new subgenus are discussed.

A Monograph of the Freshwater Mussels (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of the Australian Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF McMichael ◽  
ID Hiscock
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
The Family

This monograph incorporates a systematic revision of the freshwater mussels of the Australian Region (Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands). Previous systematic works are revised and discussed. Details of the taxonomic procedures used in the present work are presented. One aberrant New Guinea genus, Haasodonta, with two species is referred provisionally to the family Unionidae Fleming, subfamily Rectidentinae Modell. The remainder of the Australasian species are assigned to the family Mutelidae Gray. Four subfamilies, Velesunioninae Iredale, Lortiellinae Iredale, Hyridellinae Iredale, and Cucumerunioninae Iredale, are recognized. These include eight genera, Velesunio Iredale, Alathyria Iredale, Weatralunio Iredale, Microdontia Tapparone Canefri, Lortiella Iredale, Hyridella Swainson, Cucumerunio Iredale, and Virgus Simpson. The genus Hyridella includes four subgenera, Hyridella s.s., Protohyridella Cotton & Gabriel, Nesonaia Haas, and a new subgenus for H. menziesi Gray. These eight genera include 27 species, three of which are polytypic. Three additional species are considered of doubtful validity and two nominal species are listed as nomina dubia. Each taxon is redescribed and all available data of shell morphology, soft anatomy, larval stages, distribution, and type material are presented. The distribution of the Australian and New Guinea species in relation to the fluvifaunal provinces of Iredale and Whitley is considered and a new name is proposed for the fluvifaunula of southern New Guinea. The evolutionary relationships of the Australasian freshwater mussels are discussed and it is suggested that, with one exception, they arose from a single ancestral stock and have subsequently differentiated into four subfamilies within this region. This view is supported by the close anatomical similarity between them.

Revision of the Genus Amblypelta Stål (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Bkown
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The West ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Species Groups

SummaryIn view of the discovery of several new species and subspecies of Amblypelta (Hemiptera, COREIDAE), some of which are either known to be or else threaten to become of economic importance, a revision of the whole genus has become necessary.The genus Amblypelta, as defined in the present paper and as known so far, is confined to Australia north of Sydney, the islands between Australia and New Guinea, New Guinea and, to the west, the Kai Is., Timor and Java; the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands including Bougainville, Eennell and Bellona; the New Hebrides and New Caledonia. In the present revision of the genus, twelve species and five subspecies are included, of which all but seven species are new to science. Apart from the descriptions of the new species and subspecies, taxonomic notes on the previously known species are given as well as a key to all the species.The known distribution of each species is stated, and consideration given to the zoogeography of the genus as a whole, and of certain species-groups which can be recognised within the genus.

Revision of Tricimba Lioy and Aprometopis Becker (Diptera : Chloropidae) from Australia and the Papuan region

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Ismay
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
One New Species

The genus Tricimba. in its broadest sense. is revised from Australia. New Guinea. and Bismarck and Solomon Islands and Vanuatu . In all, 66 species are recorded from Australia. 39 from New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago. five from the Solomon Islands and two from Vanuatu . A total of 96 species is included in the keys: seven described species. 87 new species of Tricimba (T . aberrans. T . acuta, T. acuticercalis, T. aliciae, T. angustigena, T. antennata, T. approximata, T. aurata, T. aureopilosa, T. auriculata, T. biannulata, T. biloba, T. biseta, T. breviradialis, T. cana, T. calcarula, T. cardamomi, T. concava, T. difficilis, T. digitata, T. distigma, T. diversa, T. edentata, T. elongata, T. excavata, T, exsinuata, T. exvittata, T. facialis, T. flaw, T. flavigena, T. flavitibia, T. flavoscutellata, T. fusciseta, T. grevei, T. hardyi, T. katepisternalis, T. lactipennata, T. laevigata, T. languida, T. lata, T. latigena, T. liepae, T. longicercalis, T. longigena, T. longiseta, T. lutea, T. maculata, T. major, T. melanochaeta, T. minuta, T. monochaeta, T. monosticha, T. muitiseta, T. nigriseta, T. nitens, T. nitidifrons, T. nitidissima, T. obscura, T. occidentalis, T. oligochaeta, T. pandanicola, T. papuensis, T. parksorum, T. pendula, T, pilioculata, T. pilosa, T. pinguiseta, T. planiscutellata, T. pleichaeta, T. priori, T. propinqua, T. pubiantennata, T. quadriseta, T. rectiantennata, T. scrobiculata, T, simplex, T. solomonensis, T. tasrnanensis, T. tenuis, T. thistletoni, T. tibialis, T. tomentosa, T. tuberoscula, T. uniseta, T. vanuatensis, T. vulgaris, T. wauensis), one new species of Aprometopis (A. australis) and one new genus and species (Pseudotricimba anomala). Tricimba steatodae Hickman, 1971 is newly synonymised with T. convexa Malloch, 1927. The species considered are grouped into three genera and 17 species-groups within Tricimba. The relationships of the species-groups with each other and with extra-limital species-groups, and the relationships of the genera are tabulated and discussed. The genera Nartshukiella, Euhippelates, Eutricimba and Crassivenula are considered to correspond to the level of species-groups of Tricimba in this revision and are synonymised with Tricimba. The relationships of the tribes Tricimbini and Incertellini are discussed.

scholarly journals Oligocene divergence of frogmouth birds (Podargidae) across Wallace's Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 20200040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Oliver ◽  
Holly Heiniger ◽  
Andrew F. Hugall ◽  
Leo Joseph ◽  
Kieren J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Island Arcs ◽  
Vertebrate Lineage ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Biotic Differentiation ◽  
Wallace’S Line

Wallace's Line demarcates the transition between the differentiated regional faunas of Asia and Australia. However, while patterns of biotic differentiation across these two continental landmasses and the intervening island groups (Wallacea) have been extensively studied, patterns of long-term dispersal and diversification across this region are less well understood. Frogmouths (Aves: Podargidae) are a relictual family of large nocturnal birds represented by three extant genera occurring, respectively, in Asia, ‘Sahul’ (Australia and New Guinea) and the Solomon Islands, thus spanning Wallace's Line. We used new mitochondrial genomes from each of the extant frogmouth genera to estimate the timeline of frogmouth evolution and dispersal across Wallace's Line. Our results suggest that the three genera diverged and dispersed during the mid-Cenozoic between approximately 30 and 40 Mya. These divergences are among the oldest inferred for any trans-Wallacean vertebrate lineage. In addition, our results reveal that the monotypic Solomons frogmouth ( Rigidipenna inexpectata ) is one of the most phylogenetically divergent endemic bird lineages in the southwest Pacific. We suggest that the contemporary distribution of exceptionally deep divergences among extant frogmouth lineages may be explained by colonization of, and subsequent long-term persistence on, island arcs in the southwest Pacific during the Oligocene. These island arcs may have provided a pathway for biotic dispersal out of both Asia and Australia that preceded the formation of extensive emergent landmasses in Wallacea by at least 10 million years.

New species and genera of Agraeciini (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae) from New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Sulawesi

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4821 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
SIGFRID INGRISCH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Subgenital Plate ◽  
One New Species

The formerly monotypic genera Tamolana Kuthy, 1910 and Ingrischia Naskrecki & Rentz, 2010 are revised. Nanoagraecia gen. nov. is introduced as new genus, and Strictonicsara subgen. nov. as new subgenus of Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912. Five new species of Salomona Blanchard, 1853, one new species of Paramacroxiphus Willemse, 1961, and one new species of Jambiliara Ingrisch, 1998 are described. An updated key to the species of Paramacroxiphus is given. The following species are described as new: Tamolana extensa sp. nov., Tamolana arborea sp. nov., Tamolana malu sp. nov., Ingrischia acuticeps sp. nov., Ingrischia brevicona sp. nov., Ingrischia carinata sp. nov., Ingrischia signifer sp. nov., Ingrischia samberi sp. nov., Salomona brevivertex sp. nov., Salomona gumunang sp. nov., Salomona fuscifrons sp. nov., Salomona longicornis sp. nov., Salomona lanigera sp. nov., Paramacroxiphus bistylatus sp. nov., Pseudonicsara (Strictonicsara) brachyptera sp. nov., Pseudonicsara (Strictonicsara) rugosa sp. nov., Nanoagraecia gibberosa sp. nov., Jambiliara rotunda sp. nov. A subdivision of the female subgenital plate of Salomona into two sclerites plus a pair of lateral appendages is described and compared to a similar modification in the genus Ingrischia.

Phylogeny of the weevil genus Rhinusa Stephens based on adult morphological characters and host plant information (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2627 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTO CALDARA ◽  
DAVIDE SASSI ◽  
IVO TOŠEVSKI
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Species Groups

A phylogenetic analysis of the species belonging to the weevil genus Rhinusa Stephens, 1829 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Mecinini) was carried out. Rhinusa weevils feed on plants of the closely related families Scrophulariaceae and Plantaginaceae. Based on a cladistic analysis of six outgroup and 33 ingroup taxa, and 39 adult morphological and 8 ecological characters, eight well supported species groups and two monobasic groups belonging to three separate and more inclusive assemblages were recognized. The first assemblage (A) includes nine species belonging to two groups (R. bipustulata and R. tetra groups), whereas the second and third assemblages (B and C) include a total of 14 species belonging to two groups (R. antirrhini and R. linariae groups) and six groups (R. pilosa, R. herbarum, R. neta, R. vestita, R. mauritii and R. melas groups), respectively. Two of the three main assemblages (A and B) are well supported as monophyletic entities, whereas the third assemblage (C) has weak support contingent in part upon the exclusion of host plant associations. Assemblage A includes all species living on species of Scrophulariaceae, with two groups occurring on two closely related plant genera, Scrophularia (R. bipustulata group) and Verbascum (R. tetra group), respectively. The other two assemblages include species living exclusively on species of the family Plantaginaceae, tribe Antirrhineae. These patterns suggest a well conserved and phylogenetically congruent association among the weevils and their hosts. Optimizing host plant preferences onto the morphological phylogeny indicates that feeding on Plantaginaceae was the plesiomorphic condition for the genus Rhinusa. In general there are no strict relationships between groups of weevils and their specific feeding habits; however, species of the R. antirrhini group are all feeding on seed capsules. In contrast, in other groups the larvae of closely related species display significant variations in host plant parasitism. Some species of the R. tetra group feed on seed capsules whereas others are stem borers. In turn, certain species of the R. neta group feed on seed capsules yet others are inquilines of gall forming species of Rhinusa. The latter habit is present in multiple convergent groups such as the R. linariae and R. pilosa groups.

A review of the genus Cryptolaemus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) with particular reference to the species resembling C. montrouzieri Mulsant

1986 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Booth ◽  
R. D. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Cryptolaemus Montrouzieri ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Predator ◽  
Species Groups

AbstractCryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant is a well-known and historically important predator of mealybugs. It is indigenous to eastern Australia, and has been introduced throughout the world for biological control. In contrast, the other members of the genus, including those which resemble C. montrouzieri, remain poorly known. The genus Cryptolaemus, with seven previously described species, is redefined and two species-groups are recognized. The first, the montrouzieri group, comprising C. montrouzieri, C. affinis Crotch (Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and northern Queensland, Australia). C. wallacei Crotch (Indonesia) and C. simplex Blackburn (northern Australia), is revised; C. crotchi sp. n. (Indonesia) and C. sinestria sp. n. (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands) are described as new, and C. simplex is reduced to a subspecies of C. montrouzieri. A key to these species is provided. The second group comprises two of the remaining species. C. subviolaceus Crotch and C. concinnus Weise, but lack of sufficient material precludes a revision of this group at present. The final species, C. engelhardi Gorham. is transferred to the chilocorine genus Brumoides Chapin. Lectotypes are selected where appropriate.

Australian and New Guinea species of the biting midge genus Brachypogon (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Debenham
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time

The status and differentiation of the genera Ceratopogon, Brachypogon and Isohelea have remained uncertain despite repeated attempts at clarification. In 1964 Tokunaga described five species of Ceratopogon from Papua New Guinea, treating Brachypogon and Isohelea as synonyms of Ceratopogon. Wirth & Grogan (1988) determined that Ceratopogon was a purely Holarctic genus, and listed four of Tokunaga's species in Brachypogon, which they regarded as a genus with two subgenera, Brachypogon s.s. and Isohelea. (The fifth species was transferred to another genus, Nannohelea.) No species of the Ceratopogon group have been described from Australia. In this paper 24 species, 20 of which are new, are recorded from Australia and New Guinea. Seventeen of the new species — B. artemis, B. bryanae, B. corniger, B. medusae, B. bifurcus, B. pollices, B. tabernaculum, B. gearyae, B. hercules, B. subiectus, B. gravidus, B. idolon, B. lorica, B. curtus, B. institor, B. griffithsae and B. nicolaii — and two of Tokunaga's species, B. petersi and B. novaguineae, are placed in Brachypogon (Brachypogon), in two species-groups. Two of the new species, B. hadrosaurus and B. dehiscens, are placed in Brachypogon (Isohelea), while B. alexandros, sp. nov. and Tokunaga's B. maai and B. papuensis are placed in a new subgenus of Brachypogon, Sarissohelea. Detailed diagnoses of the subgenera are given, and the pupae of Brachypogon (Brachypogon) species are described for the first time.

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