scholarly journals A resistant culture - ?superbugs? in Australian hospitals

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
G L Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Alfred Hospital ◽  
General Community

Antimicrobial resistance is not new in Australian hospitals. In 1946, shortly after penicillin became available for treatment of civilians, a penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain caused ~50% of staphylococcal surgical wound infections at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH), in Sydney. During the 1950s, another virulent penicillin resistant S. aureus strain (phage type 80/81) emerged in neonatal units in Sydney and spread to other hospitals in Australia and overseas, to the families of affected infants and to the general community, causing serious soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, pneumonia and septicaemia.

scholarly journals Clonal Lineages, Antimicrobial Resistance, and PVL Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus Associated to Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections from Ambulatory Patients in Portugal

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Carolina Ferreira ◽  
Sofia Santos Costa ◽  
Maria Serrano ◽  
Ketlyn Oliveira ◽  
Graça Trigueiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Encoding Genes

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a leading cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) in the community. In this study, we characterized a collection of 34 S. aureus from SSTIs in ambulatory patients in Portugal and analyzed the presence of Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-encoding genes and antibiotic-resistance profile, which was correlated with genetic determinants, plasmid carriage, and clonal lineage. Nearly half of the isolates (15, 44.1%) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or multidrug resistant (MDR). We also detected resistance to penicillin (33/34, 97.1%), fluoroquinolones (17/34, 50.0%), macrolides and lincosamides (15/34, 44.1%), aminoglycosides (6/34, 17.6%), and fusidic acid (2/34, 5.9%), associated with several combinations of resistance determinants (blaZ, erm(A), erm(C), msr(A), mph(C), aacA-aphD, aadD, aph(3′)-IIIa, fusC), or mutations in target genes (fusA, grlA/gyrA). The collection presented a high genetic diversity (Simpson’s index of 0.92) with prevalence of clonal lineages CC5, CC22, and CC8, which included the MRSA and also most MDR isolates (CC5 and CC22). PVL-encoding genes were found in seven isolates (20.6%), three methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (ST152-agrI and ST30-agrIII), and four MRSA (ST8-agrI). Plasmid profiling revealed seventeen distinct plasmid profiles. This work highlights the high frequency of antimicrobial resistance and PVL carriage in SSTIs-related S. aureus outside of the hospital environment.

scholarly journals 1269. Infection, Clinical Syndromes and Antimicrobial Resistance by Aeromonas species: 13-Year Experience with an Emerging Pathogen at a Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S723-S723
Author(s):  
Roberto Pineda-Reyes ◽  
Joseph Orndorff ◽  
David Reynoso
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Water Exposure ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Traumatic Wound

Abstract Background Aeromonas spp. are emerging pathogens that cause a wide breadth of clinical syndromes, ranging from acute gastroenteritis to skin and soft tissue infections, sepsis, and “flesh-eating” necrotizing fasciitis. Aeromonads have been associated with natural disasters and have predominance in estuarine ecosystems, generating a negative impact on the fishing industry and aquaculture, as well as morbidity and mortality in human populations at risk. Antimicrobial resistance patterns differ by geographic locations worldwide, and studies to guide the therapy in the era of multidrug resistance are lacking in the US. Methods A retrospective case series was designed to chart review all adult subjects who had culture proven Aeromonas spp. infections during the period 2008-2020. Demographic data, water exposure, clinical syndromes on presentation, origin (community-acquired vs. nosocomial) and severity of infection, antibiograms, empirical antibiotics, time-to-appropriate therapy, and treatment outcomes were collected. Results Eighty-two subjects were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical data is summarized in Table 1. Near 20% individuals had water exposure, including 53% of those with traumatic wound infections. Skin and soft tissue infection (including traumatic and surgical wound infections) was the most frequent clinical syndrome (51.2%). Sepsis was present on admission in 33% inpatients. Appropriate antibiotics were instituted in a median of 2 days (IQR=1-5), and the most prescribed empiric agents were piperacillin-tazobactam (48%) and meropenem (13.3%). Most isolates were susceptible to cefepime (70/71, 98.6%), levofloxacin (72/78, 92.3%) and TMP-SMX (69/78, 88.5%). Resistance to meropenem was reported in 18/31 isolates (58.1%) after 2015. Treatment failure was identified in 32.3% cases. Most cases (55%) were encountered during the months of spring and summer, which have warmer temperatures and seasonal heavy rains. Tropical storms caused significant flooding in the Galveston Bay area and Southeast Texas during the summer of 2015, which interestingly coincides with the high number of cases. However, following Hurricane Ike in 2008 or Hurricane Harvey in 2017, the number of cases did not significantly increase. Conclusion Aeromonads are emerging pathogens that cause mainly intraabdominal and skin and soft tissue infections. Their incidence is seasonal (55% cases in spring and summer) and it is associated with water exposure in more than half of those with traumatic wound infections. In subjects with specific risk factors, the use of carbapenem-sparing strategies, such as 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones or TMP-SMX, may improve outcomes. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals An Increasing Trend in the Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Sheeba ◽  
Dillirani Vedachalam ◽  
T Fahad Affan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
The Common

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are commonly occurring infections with mild to serious clinical manifestations. The incidence of wound sepsis in India ranges from 10-33%1,2. It is important to know the potential microbial pathogens causing wound infections for clinicians to start empirical treatment for patients, while laboratory culture reports are awaited. To identify the common microorganisms and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in pus samples. A total of 8656 pus samples were received in the Microbiology department from various OP and IP departments of Stanley Medical College Hospital, Chennai. The samples were processed in the laboratory for aerobic culture to isolate the pathogens and to perform antibiotic sensitivity testing as per standard protocol31. This prospective study was done for a period of twelve months (Jan 2018 to Dec.2018). Growth was observed in 5793 samples (66.92%), while growth was absent in 2863 samples (33.07%). Of the culture positive samples, 250 (4.31%) showed mixed infection, while 5543 samples (95.68%) yielded a single isolate. In this study, among the isolates (6043 in number), 5965 (98.70%) were bacterial and 78 (1.29%) were fungal. The most common bacterial isolate was Pseudomonas species(27.42%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.60%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.95%), Escherichia coli (9.53%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (9.22%) and Acinetobacter spp. (8.65%). Among the S.aureus isolates, 59% were Methicillin resistant and 41% were Methicillin sensitive. The fungal isolates were Candida spp. ( 80.76%) and Aspergillus spp. (19.24%). The common pathogens isolated in this study were Pseudomonas species (27.42%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.60%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.95%). The increased incidence of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms like Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, ESBL and MBL producers causes great global concern leading to more difficulty to treat infections and death.

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