scholarly journals Bomb radiocarbon dating of three important reef-fish species using Indo-Pacific Δ14C chronologies

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
John M. Kalish ◽  
Stephen J. Newman ◽  
Justine M. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Reef Fish Species ◽  
Age Estimates

Demersal reef fishes of the Indo-Pacific are under increasing pressure as a fisheries resource, yet many of the important life history characteristics required for suitable management are poorly known. The three fish species, eightbar grouper (Hyporthodus octofasciatus), ruby snapper (Etelis carbunculus) and the spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus), are important components of fisheries and ecosystems throughout the Indo-Pacific. Despite their importance, age and growth information is incomplete. Age has been estimated for E. carbunculus and L. nebulosus, but validated age beyond the first few years is lacking and for H. octofasciatus no age estimates exist. Bomb radiocarbon dating can provide age estimates that are independent of growth-zone counting, but only if appropriate reference Δ14C chronologies exist. In this study, a series of Δ14C records from hermatypic corals was assembled to provide a basis for bomb radiocarbon dating in the western Indo-Pacific region. Results provided (1) valid age estimates for comparison to age estimates from two facilities investigating growth-zones in otolith thin sections; (2) support for age estimation protocols using otolith thin sections; and (3) the information necessary for further refinement of age estimation procedures. Estimates of longevity from bomb radiocarbon dating agree with some prior studies: H. octofasciatus, E. carbunculus and L. nebulosus all being long-lived species with life spans of at least 43, 35 and 28 years respectively.

Refined bomb radiocarbon dating of two iconic fishes of the Great Barrier Reef

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
John H. Choat ◽  
Richard J. Hamilton ◽  
Edward E. DeMartini
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Hermatypic Coral ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
Bolbometopon Muricatum ◽  
Age Estimates

Refinements to the methodology of bomb radiocarbon dating made it possible to validate age estimates of the humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) and bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum). Age for these species has been estimated from presumed annual growth zones in otoliths at ~30 and ~40 years respectively. The validity of these estimates was tested using bomb radiocarbon dating on the small and fragile otoliths of these species, and provided an opportunity to refine the method using advanced technologies. A regional Δ14C reference record from hermatypic coral cores from the Great Barrier Reef was assembled and Δ14C measurements from extracted otolith cores of adult otoliths were successful. Validated ages supported the accuracy of growth zone derived ages using sectioned sagittal otoliths.

Age validation of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (Thunnus obesus) tuna of the northwestern Atlantic Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
Ashley Pacicco ◽  
Robert Allman ◽  
Brett J. Falterman ◽  
Erik T. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Zone ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Bigeye Tuna ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Thunnus Obesus ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Age Estimates ◽  
Age Reading

Estimates of age and growth of yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye (Thunnus obesus) tuna remain problematic because validation of growth zone deposition (opaque and translucent) has not been properly evaluated. Otolith growth structure (zone clarity) can be poorly defined for tropical tunas, but the use of bomb radiocarbon dating has validated age estimates to 16–18 years for yellowfin and bigeye tuna. Use of the radiocarbon decline period — defined by regional coral and otoliths — provided valid ages through ontogeny. Yellowfin tuna aged 2–18 years (n = 34, 1029–1810 mm FL) and bigeye tuna aged 3–17 years (n = 12, 1280–1750 mm FL) led to birth years that were coincident with the bomb radiocarbon decline. The results indicate there was no age reading bias for yellowfin tuna and that age estimates of previous studies were likely underestimated for both species.

scholarly journals Eye lens Δ14C validates otolith-derived age estimates of Gulf of Mexico reef fishes

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
William F. Patterson ◽  
Beverly K. Barnett ◽  
Thomas C. TinHan ◽  
Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Lens Protein ◽  
Lutjanus Campechanus ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Reef Fish Species ◽  
Eye Lens Protein ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Estimates

We tested whether Δ14C values of eye lens protein (crystallin) formed in early life could be utilized to validate marine bony fish age estimates via the bomb radiocarbon chronometer. The slope of the relationship between red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus; n = 8; 0 to 27 years old), otolith and eye lens core Δ14C values was not significantly different than 1, which was also true for seven additional reef fish species (n = 21; 0 to 24 years old). Results demonstrate eye lens core Δ14C can be utilized to validate age estimates of marine fishes, which will be useful in numerous age validation applications.

Great longevity of speckled hind (Epinephelus drummondhayi), a deep-water grouper, with novel use of postbomb radiocarbon dating in the Gulf of Mexico

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
Beverly K. Barnett ◽  
Robert J. Allman ◽  
Ryan P. Moyer ◽  
Hannah D. Trowbridge
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
Age Estimates

Growth characteristics are poorly understood for speckled hind (Epinephelus drummondhayi), a tropical deep-water grouper of economic importance that is considered overfished. Age has been validated for early growth, but the validity of adult age estimates is unknown. A few studies of growth zones in otoliths have revealed maximum age estimates of 15–35 years, which have been uncritically assumed as longevity. To answer questions about adult age, bomb radiocarbon dating was used to provide validated age estimates. A novel aspect of this study was use of the postbomb radiocarbon decline period (ca. 1980–2004) to age younger fish, an approach that was validated with known-age otoliths. Bomb radiocarbon dating provided valid length-at-age estimates ranging from ∼5 years to more than 45 years. Age was unexpectedly greater than previous estimates for more than half the fish used in this study, and longevity may approach 60–80 years. This study extends the utility of bomb radiocarbon dating by more than 20 years and adds to the growing perspective that deep-water tropical fishes can be long-lived.

Bomb radiocarbon dating of the endangered white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni): investigations of age, growth and lifespan

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen H. Andrews ◽  
Robert T. Leaf ◽  
Laura Rogers-Bennett ◽  
Melissa Neuman ◽  
Heather Hawk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Predictive Modelling ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Large White ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
The Status

Understanding basic life-history characteristics of white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni), such as estimated lifespan, is critical to making informed decisions regarding the recovery of this endangered species. All predictive modelling tools used to forecast the status and health of populations following restoration activities depend on a validated estimate of adult lifespan. Of the seven Haliotis species in California, white abalone is considered to have the highest extinction risk and was the first marine invertebrate listed as an endangered species under the Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). Lifespan was previously estimated from observations of early growth; however, no study has generated ages for the largest white abalone. To address questions of age and growth, bomb radiocarbon (Δ14C) dating was used on shells from large white abalone. Measured bomb Δ14C levels were compared to regional Δ14C reference records to provide estimates of age, growth and lifespan. Bomb radiocarbon dating indicated that growth was variable among individuals, with a maximum estimated age of 27 years. The findings presented here provide support for previous age and growth estimates and an estimated lifespan near 30 years. These age data support the perception of a critical need for restoring the remnant aging and potentially senescent population.

scholarly journals DNA-based identification of predators of the corallivorous Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) from fish faeces and gut contents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederieke J. Kroon ◽  
Carine D. Lefèvre ◽  
Jason R. Doyle ◽  
Frances Patel ◽  
Grant Milton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Coral Reef Fish ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Reef Fish Species

Abstract The corallivorous Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (CoTS, Acanthaster spp.) has been linked with the widespread loss of scleractinian coral cover on Indo-Pacific reefs during periodic population outbreaks. Here, we re-examine CoTS consumption by coral reef fish species by using new DNA technologies to detect Pacific Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) in fish faecal and gut content samples. CoTS DNA was detected in samples from 18 different coral reef fish species collected on reefs at various stages of CoTS outbreaks in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, nine of which had not been previously reported to feed on CoTS. A comprehensive set of negative and positive control samples confirmed that our collection, processing and analysis procedures were robust, although food web transfer of CoTS DNA cannot be ruled out for some fish species. Our results, combined with the (i) presence of CoTS spines in some samples, (ii) reported predation on CoTS gametes, larvae and settled individuals, and (iii) known diet information for fish species examined, strongly indicate that direct fish predation on CoTS may well be more common than is currently appreciated. We provide recommendations for specific management approaches to enhance predation on CoTS by coral reef fishes, and to support the mitigation of CoTS outbreaks and reverse declines in hard coral cover.

Age and growth of the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, in the western North Atlantic Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Natanson ◽  
Gregory B. Skomal
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
White Shark ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Carcharodon Carcharias ◽  
Vertebral Centra ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
History Information ◽  
Age Estimates

Age and growth estimates for the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) in the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNA) were derived from band pair counts on the vertebral centra of 81 specimens collected between 1963 and 2010. We used two previously published criteria to interpret band pairs and assessed the validity of each method using Δ14C levels from a recent bomb radiocarbon validation study and existing Δ14C reference chronologies in the WNA. Although both criteria produced age estimates consistent, to varying degrees, with different reference chronologies, only one was considered valid when life history information was used to select the appropriate reference chronology and minimum/maximum ages based on bomb carbon values were taken into consideration. These age estimates, validated up to 44 years, were used to develop a growth curve for the species, which was best described using the Schnute general model (sexes combined). These results indicate that white sharks grow more slowly and live longer than previously thought.

scholarly journals Turtle cleaners: reef fishes foraging on epibionts of sea turtles in the tropical Southwestern Atlantic, with a summary of this association type

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Sazima ◽  
Alice Grossman ◽  
Ivan Sazima
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Cleaning Symbiosis ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Reef Fish Species

In the present study we record several instances of reef fish species foraging on epibionts of sea turtles (cleaning symbiosis) at the oceanic islands of Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and near a shipwreck, both off the coast of Pernambuco State, northeast Brazil. Nine reef fish species and three turtle species involved in cleaning are herein recorded. Besides our records, a summary of the literature on this association type is presented. Postures adopted by turtles during the interaction are related to the habits of associated fishes. Feeding associations between fishes and turtles seem a localized, albeit common, phenomenon.

Age, growth and mortality of redfish Centroberyx affinis

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 637 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Morison ◽  
K. R. Rowling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Estimates

Age and growth of 5678 redfish, collected during 1991–98 from Australia’s South East Fishery, were estimated from thin sections of otoliths. A maximum age of 44 years was recorded for a 30 cm (fork length) female, but 80%of females in the commercial catch were <10 years, and 80%of males were <13 years. The largest was a 34 cm female estimated to be 36 years old. Repeated age estimates of a subsample revealed an average error of 3.79%. There was significant variation in the mean length-at-age among years, and there were significant effects for age*year, age*sex, age*region, region*year, and sex*region*year interactions. Assessments of the fishery have assumed a single stock, because tagging results from the 1980s indicate movement of redfish along the coast. This study found consistent differences in sex ratio and growth rate between regions, which indicate some structuring within the population. However, the differences in growth rates are not consistent among years and could not be explained by differences in depths fished, suggesting a more dynamic situation than spatially segregated stocks. Estimates of natural mortality ranged from 0.07 to 0.11 year–1 and differed between regions.

scholarly journals REEF FISHES BIODIVERSITY IN MARINE SANCTUARY AT MINAHASA UTARA DISTRICT, NORTH SULAWESI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhrizal Setiawan ◽  
Sonny Tasidjawa ◽  
Efra Wantah ◽  
Hendri Johanis
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Reef Fish Community ◽  
Reef Fish Species

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>There are </em><em>some marine sanctuaries (DPL) which are managed together by its societies in North Minahasa regency. From 19 villages with DPL, we conducted surveys using point intercept transect in 14 villages both inside and outside DPL in the subdistrict West Likupang and East Likupang, North Minahasa. Result showed that l</em><em>ive coral cover was in general in moderate to excellent conditions both inside and outside DPL. Reef fish recorded in the study areas consisted of 267 reef fish species which categorized into 40 families. Bahoi village had the highest abundance and biomass within the DPL due to a very good condition of coral reef ecosystemn (&gt;75% coral cover) both inside and outside DPL. Biomass of reef fish outside DPL of Bahoi was small but its abundance was the highest. This conditions indicated that the size of reef fish outside of Bahoi DPL was small and this gave a positive perspective to supply fishes into the outside region of Bahoi DPL. Overall, marine sanctuary in North Minahasa contained reef fish community structure in good condition, moderate diversity, relatively labile of evenness index, and low dominance. </em><em>Grouping</em><em> by similarity, reef fish species were generally similar in all locations. The separation of DPL locations produced some different fishes group due to its different location, oceanographic conditions, and characters.</em><em></em></p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Marine sanctuary, reef fish community, North Minahasa.</em></p>

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