Chlorophyll a and c in Cultures of Marine Algae

1963 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
GF Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Maximum Cell ◽  
Effect Of Light

Gymnodinium, Nitzschia closterium, and Skeletonema costatum were grown in the presence of bacteria, and N. closterium in the absence of bacteria, for 7 weeks. Each week samples were analysed by the Richards-Thompson method for chlorophyll a and c. Maximum cell numbers were reached in 1-3 weeks. Gymnodinium grew better at 680 f.c. than at 420 f.c. but the reverse was true of Nitzschia and Skeletonema. The chlorophyll content of the Gymnodinium cultures was similar at each light intensity but Nitzschia gave more chlorophyll at 420 f.c. With Skeletonema there was no consistent effect of light. During the initial growth phase, Gymnodinium contained 0.33-0.87 �g chlorophyll a and 0.56-1.88 pg chlorophyll c per million cells. The corresponding figures for Skeletonema were 0.03-0.06 and 0.03-0.08, and for Nitzschia 0.13-1.08 and 0.11-0.87. The ratio of c to a varied from 1.30 to 1.84 for Gymnodinium, 0.69 to 1 .61 for Skeletonema, and 0.44 to 2.21 for Nitzschia. These ratios are all less than the maximum (3.3) found for natural populations of phytoplankton from the Coral and Tasman Seas. There was no evidence in the culture experiments that chlorophyll c breaks down more slowly than a and thus accumulates in old populations.

Diel Periodicity of Chlorophyll a Concentration in Oregon Coastal Waters

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A. Glooschenko ◽  
Herbert Curl Jr. ◽  
Lawrence F. Small
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Diel Periodicity ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Chlorophyll Precursor

Concentrations of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton exhibited a diel periodicity in Oregon coastal waters. Maximum surface concentrations often occurred around midnight and highest 25-m concentrations early in the evening (or even in late afternoon). Concentrations at intermediate depths fell in between and in a predictable progression with depth and time of day. Minimum chlorophyll a values occurred in the afternoon. No definite periodicity was established at 50 m.Laboratory studies with Skeletonema costatum demonstrated that the diel cycle of chlorophyll a per cell was related to the light intensity and duration to which cells were exposed. Highest concentrations of this pigment occurred early in the dark period and lowest concentrations in the light period when cells were grown under photoperiods of 9, 12, and 15 hr at a light intensity of approximately 1200 ft-c. Pigment bleaching probably was responsible for the low concentrations during the light period. The decline of chlorophyll a from the maximum early in the dark period began after the cells possibly became deficient in some chlorophyll precursor or energy-yielding substrate. Addition of an external carbon source during the dark period prolonged the high chlorophyll a concentrations in the dark before the decline began. Under low light (400 ft-c) chlorophyll a synthesis occurred only in the light. This phenomenon was most likely due to an insufficient amount of energy-yielding substrate or precursor synthesized during the low-light period, and the lack of bleaching in the light period at this lower intensity. The laboratory results were consistent with interpretations of the field data. A correction for diel pigment periodicity is recommended for models estimating photosynthesis from chlorophyll and light data and for oceanographic surveys during which sampling of chlorophyll a is carried out throughout the 24-hr day.

scholarly journals Growth, biomass, and chlorophyll-a and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17 under different light intensities

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fakhri ◽  
Nasrullah Bai Arifin ◽  
Anik Martina Hariati ◽  
Ating Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Effect Of Light

<p class="Pa3"><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p> </p><p class="Pa5"><em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. has been identified as sources of live feed and pigment in aquaculture. To increase the production, the optimal environmental conditions for microalgae are required. Light intensity is one of the important factors that significantly affects the biomass and pigment of microalgae. The study aimed to determine the effect of light intensity (1,500; 3,000; and 4,500 lux) on growth, biomass production, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. The results showed that different light intensities significantly affected the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Increasing light intensity resulted in the increase of the growth rate, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid contents of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. The cell achieved the highest specific growth rate of 1.729 %/day and the cell concentration of 43.333×106 cell/mL at a light intensity of 4,500 lux. The highest chlorophyll-a and carotenoid concentrations of algae were obtained at 4,500 lux (8.304 μg/mL and 3.892 μg/mL, respectively). This study suggested that increasing light intensity led to the increase in the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17.</p><p> </p><p class="Pa5">Keywords: carotenoid, chlorophyll, biomass, growth rate, light intensity</p><p> </p><p> </p><p class="Pa3"><strong>ABSTRAK </strong></p><p> </p><p class="Pa5"><em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. diketahui sebagai sumber pakan alami dan pigmen pada budidaya perikanan. Budidaya pada kondisi lingkungan yang optimal diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi mikroalga. Intensitas cahaya merupakan salah satu faktor esensial yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi biomassa dan pigmen mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh intensitas cahaya yang berbeda (1.500, 3.000, and 4.500 lux) terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya yang berbeda berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan, biomassa dan klorofil-a dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17. Semakin tinggi intensitas cahaya maka laju pertumbuhan, biomassa, kandungan klorofil-a dan total karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17 semakin tinggi. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi 1,729%/hari dan konsentrasi sel maksimum tertinggi 43,333×106 sel/mL dihasilkan pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Konsentrasi klorofil-a (8,304 μg/mL) dan karotenoid (3,892 μg/mL) tertinggi juga diperoleh pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan intensitas cahaya berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid <em>Nannochloropsis </em>sp. strain BJ17.</p><p> </p><p>Kata kunci: karotenoid, klorofil, biomassa, pertumbuhan, intensitas cahaya</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Light Intensity to Chlorophyll and Anthocyanin Content in Mangosteen Leaf

Rekayasa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Eko Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Effect Of Light

<p><em>The objective of this study was to understand the light intensity conditions of mangosteen trees to various branch position in canopy. The experiment was conducted using mangosteen trees grown on commercial orchard in Bogor, Indonesia during August - October 2013. Mangosteen trees of three different ages, young (20 years), middle (35 years), and old ages (50 years), each of five trees, are selected for study. Canopy of each tree divided into 9 sectors. The highest light intensity in full sunlight conditions was found in sector 9 were 8.07; 7.53; and 7.74 μ mol M-2 s-1, in young, middle and old age, respectively, in contrast, the lowest light intensity in sector 1 were 0.53; 0.42; and 0.49 μ mol M-2 s-1, in young, middle and old age, respectively. Chlorophyll a/b ratio in mangosteen leaves increase gradually as an increase of age, each in young, middle, and old age were 2.20; 2.25; and 2.95, respectively. The highest chlorophyll index was in branch with fruit production, than decrease in dormancy condition, whereas the lowest chlorophyll index in new flush or vegetative condition.</em><em></em></p>

Light Absorption, Fluorescence, and Photosynthesis: Skeletonema Costatum and Field Measurements

Ocean Optics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. Kiefer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Fluorescence Of Chlorophyll A ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter we will consider the fate of photons that are absorbed by phytoplankton. While such interaction will involve both the scattering and absorption of photons, we will be concerned with absorption and the subsequent processes of photosynthesis and the fluorescence of chlorophyll a. In particular and as the title of this chapter indicates, I wish to consider the environmental factors that cause variations in the cellular rates of light absorption, fluorescence, and photosynthesis. This consideration will focus on how environmental factors such as temperature, nutrient concentration, light intensity, and photoperiod effect changes in these three processes. Our approach to examining the relationship between light absorption, fluorescence, and photosynthesis is based upon phenomenological formulations between these three processes.

Effect of light intensity on the ultrastructure of the filamentous cyanobacterium, Anabaena variabilis

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 300-301
Author(s):  
C. S. Bricker ◽  
S. R. Barnum ◽  
B. Huang ◽  
J. G. Jaworskl
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Anabaena Variabilis ◽  
Chloroplast Envelope ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Effect Of Light

Cyanobacteria are Gram negative prokaryotes that are capable of oxygenic photosynthesis. Although there are many similarities between eukaryotes and cyanobacteria in electron transfer and phosphorylation during photosynthesis, there are two features of the photosynthetic apparatus in cyanobacteria which distinguishes them from plants. Cyanobacteria contain phycobiliproteins organized in phycobilisomes on the surface of photosynthetic membrane. Another difference is in the organization of the photosynthetic membranes. Instead of stacked thylakolds within a chloroplast envelope membrane, as seen In eukaryotes, IntracytopIasmlc membranes generally are arranged in three to six concentric layers. Environmental factors such as temperature, nutrition and light fluency can significantly affect the physiology and morphology of cells. The effect of light Intensity shifts on the ultrastructure of Internal membrane in Anabaena variabilis grown under controlled environmental conditions was examined. Since a major constituent of cyanobacterial thylakolds are lipids, the fatty acid content also was measured and correlated with uItrastructural changes. The regulation of fatty acid synthesis in cyanobacteria ultimately can be studied if the fatty acid content can be manipulated.

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