Light Absorption, Fluorescence, and Photosynthesis: Skeletonema Costatum and Field Measurements

Ocean Optics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. Kiefer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Fluorescence Of Chlorophyll A ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter we will consider the fate of photons that are absorbed by phytoplankton. While such interaction will involve both the scattering and absorption of photons, we will be concerned with absorption and the subsequent processes of photosynthesis and the fluorescence of chlorophyll a. In particular and as the title of this chapter indicates, I wish to consider the environmental factors that cause variations in the cellular rates of light absorption, fluorescence, and photosynthesis. This consideration will focus on how environmental factors such as temperature, nutrient concentration, light intensity, and photoperiod effect changes in these three processes. Our approach to examining the relationship between light absorption, fluorescence, and photosynthesis is based upon phenomenological formulations between these three processes.

scholarly journals Caracterización ficológica en manantiales de la cuenca baja del sistema hidrológico del Pánuco, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Carmona-Jiménez ◽  
Gustavo Montejano-Zurita
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Relationship

The results of a phycofloristic study on three springs in the Huasteca Potosina region are presented; 67 species are reported. Floristic similarities and differences among the springsare analized, as well as the relationship between species and environmental factors. Microhabitas were defined in the springs as well as the principal algal asociations that characterize them. Light intensity and current velocity are the most important factors affecting the predominant growth forms present in this type of habitat.

scholarly journals Effects of Canopy Microclimate on Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) Nut Yield and Quality

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Yue Wen ◽  
Shuchai Su ◽  
Haicheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chinese Chestnut ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Canopy Position ◽  
Castanea Mollissima ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

There are considerable differences in chestnut yield and quality across different chestnut-producing regions in China, indicating that environmental factors affect these properties of chestnuts. Furthermore, nut yield and quality differ depending on canopy position. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the canopy microclimate, nut yield, and quality. We determined microclimate factors from blossoming to ripening at different positions in the canopy. Nut yield and quality and the number of different branch types were measured at various canopy positions. The light intensity and temperature of the different canopy layers exhibited funnel-form distributions ranging from 0 to 3600 μmol·m2·s−1 and from 32 to 37 °C, respectively. Canopy humidity showed an inverted funnel-shaped distribution ranging from 26% to 40%. Nut yield and quality in the top and outer canopies were higher than in the bottom and inner canopies. Branches in the top-middle and peripheral parts of the canopy also produced higher yields, especially strong branches that bore more nuts. Nut yield and quality had positive correlations with light intensity (r = 0.735) and temperature (r = 0.709), whereas they were inversely associated with humidity (r = −0.584). The nut yield was more than 200 gm−3 when the light intensity was above 1500 μmol·m2·s−1, the temperature was above 34.4 °C, and the humidity was below 27.5%.

Diel Periodicity of Chlorophyll a Concentration in Oregon Coastal Waters

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A. Glooschenko ◽  
Herbert Curl Jr. ◽  
Lawrence F. Small
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Dark Period ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Diel Periodicity ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Chlorophyll Precursor

Concentrations of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton exhibited a diel periodicity in Oregon coastal waters. Maximum surface concentrations often occurred around midnight and highest 25-m concentrations early in the evening (or even in late afternoon). Concentrations at intermediate depths fell in between and in a predictable progression with depth and time of day. Minimum chlorophyll a values occurred in the afternoon. No definite periodicity was established at 50 m.Laboratory studies with Skeletonema costatum demonstrated that the diel cycle of chlorophyll a per cell was related to the light intensity and duration to which cells were exposed. Highest concentrations of this pigment occurred early in the dark period and lowest concentrations in the light period when cells were grown under photoperiods of 9, 12, and 15 hr at a light intensity of approximately 1200 ft-c. Pigment bleaching probably was responsible for the low concentrations during the light period. The decline of chlorophyll a from the maximum early in the dark period began after the cells possibly became deficient in some chlorophyll precursor or energy-yielding substrate. Addition of an external carbon source during the dark period prolonged the high chlorophyll a concentrations in the dark before the decline began. Under low light (400 ft-c) chlorophyll a synthesis occurred only in the light. This phenomenon was most likely due to an insufficient amount of energy-yielding substrate or precursor synthesized during the low-light period, and the lack of bleaching in the light period at this lower intensity. The laboratory results were consistent with interpretations of the field data. A correction for diel pigment periodicity is recommended for models estimating photosynthesis from chlorophyll and light data and for oceanographic surveys during which sampling of chlorophyll a is carried out throughout the 24-hr day.

The Relationship between the Skeletonema costatum Red Tide and Environmental Factors in Hongsha Bay of Sanya, South China Sea

2009 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 651-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunqiang Li ◽  
Baibi Zhu ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Zhixin Liu ◽  
Baiming Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Model of Odonate Diversity Relationship with Environmental Factors Based on Path Analysis

el–Hayah ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 07
Author(s):  
Bambang Feriwibisono ◽  
Marsoedi Marsoedi ◽  
Amin Setyo Leksono
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to analyze and describe the relationship between altitude, aerial variables (temperature, light intensity, humidity), water qualities (water temperature, pH, BOD, COD, DO, TOM, and water velocity), and vegetation with the diversity of Odonate assemblages. Odonate samplings were conducted at six survey sites based on altitude and vegetation characteristics. Measurement of altitude, aerial variables, water qualities and vegetation characteristics were replicate in the first day and third day. Analysis of correlations of all environmental factors with the odonate diversity was done through structural equation model using Partial Least Squares (PLS), Open source Smart Software and Microsoft Excel. The aerial variables and water qualities affected indirectly on odonate diversity. The aerial variables directly or with interaction to other factor affected the water qualities and vegetation characteristics. The vegetation characteristics directly influenced to odonate diversity. Water flow affected water quality, light intensity affected the aerial, while morning period observation affected the odonate diversity. Predictive relevance (Q2) for a model designed amounted to 99.95%, while the rest of 0.05% are explained by other variables.<p> </p>

Chlorophyll a and c in Cultures of Marine Algae

1963 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
GF Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Maximum Cell ◽  
Effect Of Light

Gymnodinium, Nitzschia closterium, and Skeletonema costatum were grown in the presence of bacteria, and N. closterium in the absence of bacteria, for 7 weeks. Each week samples were analysed by the Richards-Thompson method for chlorophyll a and c. Maximum cell numbers were reached in 1-3 weeks. Gymnodinium grew better at 680 f.c. than at 420 f.c. but the reverse was true of Nitzschia and Skeletonema. The chlorophyll content of the Gymnodinium cultures was similar at each light intensity but Nitzschia gave more chlorophyll at 420 f.c. With Skeletonema there was no consistent effect of light. During the initial growth phase, Gymnodinium contained 0.33-0.87 �g chlorophyll a and 0.56-1.88 pg chlorophyll c per million cells. The corresponding figures for Skeletonema were 0.03-0.06 and 0.03-0.08, and for Nitzschia 0.13-1.08 and 0.11-0.87. The ratio of c to a varied from 1.30 to 1.84 for Gymnodinium, 0.69 to 1 .61 for Skeletonema, and 0.44 to 2.21 for Nitzschia. These ratios are all less than the maximum (3.3) found for natural populations of phytoplankton from the Coral and Tasman Seas. There was no evidence in the culture experiments that chlorophyll c breaks down more slowly than a and thus accumulates in old populations.

scholarly journals Spectral bio-optical properties of water of Atlantic sector of Antarctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
N. A. Moiseeva ◽  
T. Ya. Churilova ◽  
T. V. Efimova ◽  
V. A. Artemiev ◽  
E. Yu. Skorokhod
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Colored Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Atlantic Sector ◽  
Light Absorption Coefficient ◽  
The Relationship

Studies of variability of spectral bio-optical properties of water of Atlantic sector of Antarctic were carried out during the 79th cruise of the RV “Akademik Mstislav Keldysh” (11.01.2020–04.02.2020). Chlorophyll a and phaeopigment concentration varied in the layer studied from 0.1 to 1.8 mg·m−3, except for two stations with content reaching 2.2 and 4.4 mg·m−3. The relationship was revealed between light absorption coefficient by phytoplankton and chlorophyll a concentration at a wavelength, corresponding to spectrum maxima: aph(438) = 0.044 × Ca1.2, r2 = 0.84 (n = 117); aph(678) = 0.021 × Ca1.1, r2 = 0.89 (n = 117). Spectral distribution of light absorption coefficient by non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter was described by exponential function. Absorption parameterization coefficients were retrieved: (1) light absorption coefficient by non-algal particles (0.001–0.027 m−1) and by colored dissolved organic matter (0.016–0.19 m−1) at a wavelength of 438 nm; (2) spectral slope coefficients of these components (0.005–0.016 and 0.009–0.022 nm−1, respectively).

scholarly journals Environmental Factors Influencing Chlorophyll-a Concentration in Tri An Reservoir, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Hoang Yen ◽  
Tran Thanh Thai ◽  
Nguyen Van Tu ◽  
Ngo Xuan Quang ◽  
Pham Thanh Luu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
The Relationship

Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) has been used extensively as an essential indicator of trophic state in the assessment and monitoring of surface water quality environments. The environmental factors can influence Chl-a concentrations; thus, to determine the relationship between Chl-a concentration and factors. The research was carried out in dry season (March 2016) and wet season (September 2016) in Tri An reservoir, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam and performed by Spearman's correlation analysis and Linear regression analysis. The result showed that Chl-a varied between 12.84 and 783.51 µg/L and was quite different a cross stations in two surveys. Factor analysis and the best models revealed the association of strong physico-chemical with Chl-a concentration. The Chl-a was significantly positively correlated with Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and negative with Nitrate (NO3-) in the dry season, while in the wet season the positive relationships between Chl-a concentration and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Temperature and a strong negatively correlated with Phosphate (PO43-) correlation were found. This relationships inferred that the nutrients brought by the influx of reservoir into the study area have contributed to control the growth and abundance of phytoplankton. Thus, the importance of environmental factors in structuring Chl-a concentration may be used to guide the conservation of the aquatic ecosystems in the reservoir.

An assessment of the relationship between chlorophyll a fluorescence and CO 2 gas exchange from field measurements on a moss and lichen

Planta ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 206 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. A. Green ◽  
B. Schroeter ◽  
L. Kappen ◽  
R. D. Seppelt ◽  
K. Maseyk
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Effect of light intensity and nutrient concentration on growth and pigments of the green microalga Tetraselmis suecica

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-441
Author(s):  
Omar Montes-González ◽  
Adriana González-Silvera ◽  
Enrique Valenzuela-Espinoza ◽  
Eduardo Santamaría-del-Ángel ◽  
Jorge López-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Pigment Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Tetraselmis Suecica ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Β Carotene

Tetraselmis suecica is a green microalga that thrives under a wide range of conditions, used in the commercial culture of fish, mollusk, and crustacean larvae for supplementing the demand for fertilizers. Its pigments have applications in human health care as drug products, vitamins, and cosmetics. Growth and pigment concentration of T. suecica were evaluated in experimental cultures with different nutrient concentrations and light intensities to determine the most appropriate culture conditions to optimize the production of biomass and pigments. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, lutein, violaxanthin, α, β-carotene, and neoxanthin concentrations were evaluated under three different nutrient conditions (441.5/18.1, 883/36.3, and 1766/76.2 μM of NaNO3/NaH2PO4) and four light intensities (50, 150, 300, and 750 μmol quanta m-2 s-1). Increases in either or both of these factors lead to increases in the concentration of all pigments. Chlorophyll-a reached up to 5×103 mg m-3, chlorophyll-b up to 2500 mg m-3, lutein 600 mg m-3, violaxanthin 300 mg m-3, α, β-carotene 500 mg m-3, and neoxanthin 400 mg m-3. Growth rate (μ) attained values of 1.6 d-1. An index to evaluate the efficiency of pigment production by light intensity (called LER) was computed. The highest LER was recorded at 50 μmol quanta m-2 s-1 and a nutrient concentration of 1766/76.2 μM (NaNO3/NaH2PO4); this treatment optimizes pigment production with the lowest light intensity. Our results show that the optimum light intensity should be selected according to the objective of the culture, either maximizing pigment concentration for harvesting at higher concentrations or reducing production costs regarding light consumption.

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