Management of photoperiod to control caprine reproduction in the subtropics

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Delgadillo ◽  
Gonzalo Fitz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo Duarte ◽  
Francisco Gerardo Véliz ◽  
Evaristo Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Reproductive Seasonality ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Cashmere Goats

Reproductive seasonality is observed in some breeds originating from or adapted to subtropical latitudes. In ‘photoperiodic flexible breeds’, such as Australian cashmere goats, the annual breeding season can be manipulated through nutrition, whereas in ‘photoperiodic rigid breeds’, such as Creole goats from subtropical Mexico, sexual activity can be controlled by altering the photoperiod. In males from the latter breed, artificial long days, whether or not accompanied by the administration of melatonin, stimulate sexual activity during the non-breeding season. These treated males are able to induce the sexual activity of anoestrous females through the male effect under intensive or extensive conditions. Photoperiodic treatments and the male effect can be easily integrated into different breeding management systems in subtropical latitudes.

A note on attainment of puberty of september-born early-maturing ewe lambs in relation to level of nutrition

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Forcada ◽  
J. A. Abecia ◽  
L. Zarazaga
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Age At Puberty

The attainment of puberty in September-born early-maturing ewe lambs was studied at Zaragoza (latitude 41° 40' N). Thirty twin Salz females were allocated to two groups receiving two nutrition levels after 3 months of age: high (500 g/day lucerne hay and 500 g/day concentrate) (H) and low (500 g/ day lucerne hay) (L). Oestrus was detected daily by aproned rams. Corpora lutea were counted after oestrus and plasma progesterone levels monitored each week.In the first breeding season (January to February) the percentage of females showing sexual activity (silent emulation or oestrus and ovulation) was higher in the H compared with the L group (67 and 20%; P < 0/05). Nonpubertal oestrus before the main breeding season was detected in 67% of animals. In the main breeding season and for H and L groups respectively, percentage of females showing silent ovulation before puberty was 67 and 33% and mean age at puberty extended to 319 (s.e. 4-8) and 314 (s.e. 3·7) days. Ovulation rate at puberty was 1·73 (s.e. 0·13) and 1·33 (s.e. 0·15) respectively (P < 0·05).

THE DURATION OF THE BREEDING SEASON OF FOUR BREEDS OF SHEEP

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Daily Exposure ◽  
Almost All

Three breeds of sheep (Dorset, Leicester, and Suffolk) and a crossbred line from these breeds (DLS) were observed throughout 1 yr to determine their sexual activity by daily exposure of the ewes to vasectomized rams. The DLS and Dorset ewes exhibited their first estrus earlier in the year (P < 0.01) and stopped cycling later than the Leicester and Suffolk ewes (P < 0.01). The duration of the breeding season in the DLS ewes was 20 days (P > 0.05) longer than in the Dorsets and 70 and 115 days (P < 0.01) longer than in the Leicester and Suffolk ewes, respectively. The percentage of Dorset and DLS ewes showing one or more estrous periods increased progressively from June to reach 100% in September for both breeds. The Suffolk and Leicester ewes commenced to cycle in late August and by September almost all ewes had shown an estrous period. The progressive decline in estrous activity became evident first with the Suffolk in January, then with the Dorset and Leicester in February and with the DLS in March. The Dorset, DLS and Leicester ewes had longer estrous cycles than the Suffolk ewes. Within ewes, length of estrous cycles was highly repeatable for all breeds. False estrus and silent estrus occurred in 1.0 and 3.9% of the estrous periods, respectively. Over successive estrous cycles, length of estrous cycles increased significantly.

Reproductive Performance of the Ardennaise Chicken Breed under Traditional and Modern Breeding Management Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-M. Lariviere ◽  
C. Michaux ◽  
F. Farnir ◽  
J. Detilleux ◽  
V. Verleyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Modern Breeding

The effect of exogenous melatonin and the plane of nutrition after weaning on ovulation rate in salz ewes lambing in the seasonal anoestrus

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 83-83
Author(s):  
L. Zarazaga ◽  
F. Forcada ◽  
J.A. Abecia ◽  
J. Mozota
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cyclic Activity ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Ovarian Cyclicity

Induction of oestrus and pregnancy in the seasonal anoestrus permits lambing during the breeding season and mating in a short period of time after weaning, but after spring lambing postpartum anoestrus is longer than it is in autumn lambing, and no breeds are able to resume cyclic activity two months after lambing. Nutrient status has been shown to be a major factor affecting the onset of ovarian cyclicity in postpartum ewes. On the other hand, melatonin implants were demonstrated to be efficient in advancing the annual breeding season, but the efficiency of this treatment could be modified by the nutritional status of the animals. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of exogenous melatonin, connected with the plane of nutrition after weaning, on the resumption of sexual activity and ovulation rate (OR) in a synthetic Spanish sheep breed lambing in spring.

Association between melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) gene polymorphism and the reproductive performance of Mediterranean Italian buffaloes

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Luridiana ◽  
M. C. Mura ◽  
M. Pazzola ◽  
M. Paludo ◽  
G. Cosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Genotypic Frequency ◽  
Melatonin Receptor ◽  
Reproductive Seasonality ◽  
Long Photoperiod

A melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) gene polymorphism in adult buffaloes has been reported to affect reproductive seasonality. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to assess whether this polymorphism can affect age at first conception and the interval between first and second calving in Mediterranean Italian buffaloes. The allelic frequency of the C and T alleles was 0.44 and 0.56, respectively, whereas the genotypic frequency was 26% for C/C, 40% for C/T and 34% for T/T. The average age at first mating was approximately 20 months, whereas that at calving was approximately 32 months. The largest number of calvings of primiparous buffaloes was recorded between June and October. No associations between genotype, first mating and subsequent calving date were found. The duration from first to second calving was longer in buffaloes with the C/C genotype compared with those with the T/T and C/T genotypes (P < 0.01). The period of calving for buffaloes with the C/C genotype was mainly from July to September, whereas that for buffaloes with the T/T genotype was largely from March to May. The MTNR1A gene had no effect on the age of first conception in Mediterranean Italian buffaloes. Rather, the association between the T/T genotype and reproductive activity during days with a long photoperiod indicates that this polymorphism may be considered a genetic marker to identify buffaloes that are able to reproduce out of the breeding season.

A high level of male sexual activity is necessary for the activation of the medial preoptic area and the arcuate nucleus during the ‘male effect’ in anestrous goats

2016 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Bedos ◽  
Wendy Portillo ◽  
Jean-Philippe Dubois ◽  
Gerardo Duarte ◽  
José A. Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Medial Preoptic Area ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Appraisal of the management practices of goat farmers in selected districts of the KwaZulu-Natal province: can the extensionist play a role to improve?

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Ntuli ◽  
Pieter Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Breeding Management ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Sound Management

The study was conducted to assess management practices by goat farmers in uMgungundlovu of the KwaZulu-Natal province. A total of 70 farmers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. A considerable number of respondents had low-level education (40%) n=28.  Management activities performed by respondents included control of internal and external parasites, which was done by 94% and 96%, respectively. The most vaccinated for diseases were Pulpy kidney (61.54%) and Pasteurella (51.92%). Fifty-five respondents (78.57%) grazed their animals on the veld, while an insubstantial percentage of respondents had cultivated pastures (15.71%) n=11. Respondents provided winter and summer supplementary feed (46%) and supplementary lick (83%).  A total of 17 farmers (24.29%) had a specific breeding season. Breeding management activities were done by farmers, and 5.71% of respondents tested bucks for fertility, while 18.57% provided flush feeding, and 11.43% performed pregnancy diagnosis. Most farmers who applied sound management practices reported elevated production levels.

scholarly journals Social Behaviour and Circadian Variations in Different Activities of Captive Hog Deer (Axis porcinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2877-2884
Author(s):  
Zahid Farooq ◽  
Irfan Baboo ◽  
Muhammad Younas ◽  
Khalid Javed Iqbal ◽  
Sana Asad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Breeding Management

Management practices/strategies to re-modulate the wild behaviour of animal species could increase their number in natural areas. The captive herd of hog deer showed slight changes from wild behaviour due to captive stress with no alteration in wild behaviour pattern except captive stress. Adult males (6), adult females (6) and fawns (6) were selected and observed round the clock for thirty days across season after one-hour interval on each activity. All subjects in hotter part of the day spent more time in sitting and rest. While, few hours of night in sleeping, resting and rumination. Fawn spent more time in sitting, resting, and hiding compared to adults. During wandering, they also spent some time in standing. It was noticed that all hog deer in herd not slept together but few of them remain active. Only male fighting was observed and maximum was noticed in August and September during breeding season. Hog deer were mainly crepuscular in feeding with irregular short intakes, and grazing on grasses present in enclosure. This study provides guideline to rehabilitate wild hog deer for better breeding management, conservation and raising practices.

Fertility of young Cashmere goats after laparoscopic insemination

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ritar ◽  
P. D. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Cashmere Goats ◽  
Release Devices

SUMMARYMaiden 18-month-old Cashmere does (JV=254) were inseminated laparoscopically with frozenthawed semen after treatment with Controlled Internal Drug Release devices and pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) in the breeding season of 1989 in Tasmania. Kidding rates(does kidded/inseminated) were not statistically different after the insemination of 1, 5 or 25 × 106 motile spermatozoa (50·0, 55·8 and 56·4%), andfor semen frozen by the pellet or straw methods (56·8 and 50·8%). The fertility results suggest that the critical threshold may not have been reached at 1 × 106 frozen-thawed motile spermatozoa.

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