scholarly journals 8RESYNCHRONIZATION OF OVULATION AND TIMED INSEMINATION IN LACTATING DAIRY COWS USING THE OVSYNCH AND HEATSYNCH PROTOCOLS INITIATED 7 DAYS BEFORE PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS ON DAY 30 BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Bartolome ◽  
A. Sozzi ◽  
J. McHale ◽  
K. Swift ◽  
D. Kelbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Rapid re-synchronization of ovulation and insemination in cows found nonpregnant to a previous service is important to maintain high reproductive efficiency. The objective was to compare pregnancy rate (PR) and pregnancy losses (PL) in cows subjected to Ovsynch or Heatsynch protocols 7 days before pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasonography (U/S) on Day 30. Initiation of both protocols included administration of GnRH on Day 23, which was considered the optimal time according to the distribution of interestrus intervals in cows previously inseminated. The study was conducted in a large dairy herd located in north central Florida from March to May, 2003. Of 593 cows treated with GnRH on Day 23 (±1) after insemination and found nonpregnant at U/S on Day 30 (±1; experimental Day 0), 75% (445) had a CL (diestrus) and were sequentially assigned to the two experimental groups. Cows in the Ovsynch Group (n=225) received 25mg (i.m.) PGF2α (Lutalyse, Pharmacia, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) on Day 0, 100μg (i.m.) GnRH (Cystorelin, Merial Limited, Iselin, NJ, USA) on Day 2, and were timed inseminated 16h later. Cows in Heatsynch Group (n=220) received 25mg (i.m.) PGF2α on Day 0, and 1mg (i.m.) estradiol cypionate (ECP, Pharmacia, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) on Day 1, and were timed-inseminated 36h later. Pregnancy at Day 30 was determined by U/S and at Day 55 by rectal examination of the genital tract. Pregnancy rate and PL were evaluated using multiple logistic regression. Pregnancy rate at Day 30 for Ovsynch (64/225, 28.4%) and Heatsynch (63/220, 28.6%) and PR at Day 55 for Ovsynch (58/225, 25.8%) and Heatsynch (54/220, 24.5%) were not different. In addition, PL between Days 30 and 55 for Ovsynch (6/64, 9.4%) and Heatsynch (9/63, 14.3%) were not different. There were no effects of parity, inseminator and days in milk on PR. However, PR at day 30 was higher in lots with cooling systems (46/141, 32.6%) and lots of first calf heifers (41/135, 30.4%) compared to lots of multiparous cows late in lactation without cooling systems (32/148, 21.6%). In conclusion, Heatsynch and Ovsynch initiated 7 days before pregnancy diagnosis on Day 30 had comparable PR of 25% at Day 55 in lactating dairy cows during the period of March–May.

Presynchronization with GnRH 7 days prior to resynchronization with CO-Synch did not improve pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alkar ◽  
A. Tibary ◽  
J.R. Wenz ◽  
R.L. Nebel ◽  
R. Kasimanickam
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals The effect of Glycoline® on reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cows

2016 ◽  
pp. 5163-5176
Author(s):  
Marcelo R. Del Campo ◽  
Marco Gonzalez T ◽  
Hans Andresen ◽  
Freddy A. Cea
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Uterine Infection ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Downer Cow Syndrome

ABSTRACT Objective. Determine the effect of Glycoline® on reproductive efficiency in high producing dairy cows. Materials and methods. 100 Holstein cows one month before delivery were selected. About 21 days before parturition they were put in a barn and were randomized in two groups: Glycoline® Group (GG, n=50), 300 g/day of Glycoline® for 21 days antepartum and 250 g/day of GlycoLine® over the following 21 days postpartum, and the Control Group (CG, n=50) with the same feed and silage ration as GG during the same period, but without the addition of Glycoline®. Events and reproductive variables of the cows were recorded for 202 days. The data were systematized, analyzed and statistically compared. Results. Comparisons were made between GG and CG respectively: Retained placenta (0.0 vs. 12.0%; p=0.027), downer cow syndrome (14.3 vs. 44.0%; p=0.002), uterine involution (64.6 vs. 36.4%; p=0.019 ), uterine infection (10.4% vs. 35.5%; p=0.006), no ovarian activity (6.3 vs. 25.6%; p=0.018), follicular cysts (0.0 vs. 18.2%, p = 0.002), luteal structures (25.0 vs. 9.3% ; p=0.058), mean estrus presentation (40.1% vs. 63.5%; p=0.033) inseminated females (79.6 vs. 68.0%; p=0.017), pregnancy rate at day 150 (57.1 vs. 46.0%; p≥0.317 ) and intervals (days): calving to 1st estrus (39.8 vs. 63.2; p≤0.006), calving to IA (62.4 vs. 87.5; p≤0.006) calving to conception (81.7 vs. 93.6; p≤0.006; p=0.103). Conclusions. Results suggest that dietary Glycoline® added in the transition period improves reproductive efficiency of high-producing dairy cows. RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar el efecto del Glycoline® sobre la eficiencia reproductiva en vacas lecheras de alta producción. Materiales y Métodos. Se seleccionaron 100 vacas Holstein un mes antes del parto. Alrededor de 21 días antes del parto se ubicaron en un establo y se asignaron al azar a dos Grupos: Grupo Glycoline® (GG; n=50), 300 g/día de Glycoline® durante 21 días preparto y 250 g/día de Glycoline® durante los siguientes 21 días posparto y Grupo Control (GC, n=50) la misma ración de concentrado y ensilaje que el GG durante el mismo período de tiempo, pero sin la adición de Glycoline®. Se registraron los eventos y las variables reproductivas de las vacas durante 202 días. Los datos fueron sistematizados, analizados y comparados estadísticamente. Resultados. Comparaciones entre el GG y GC respectivamente: Retención de placenta (0,0 vs 12.0%; p=0.027), síndrome de vaca caída (14.3 vs 44.0%; p=0.002), involución uterina (64.6 vs 36.4%; p=0.019), infección uterina (10.4% vs 35.5%; p=0.006), sin actividad ovárica (6.3 vs 25.6%; p=0.018), quistes foliculares (0.0 vs 18.2%, p=0.002), estructuras luteales (25.0 vs 9.3%; p=0.058), promedio presentación de celo (40.1% vs 63.5%; p=0.033), hembras inseminadas (79.6 vs 68.0%; p=0.017), tasa de preñez al día 150 (57.1 vs 46.0%; p≥0.317) y intervalos de tiempo (días): parto 1er -celo (39.8 vs 63.2; p≤0.006), parto-IA (62.4 vs 87.5; p≤0.006) y parto-preñez (81.7 vs 93.6; p≤0.006; p=0.103). Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que el Glycoline® adicionado en la dieta en el período de transición, mejora la eficiencia reproductiva de vacas de alta producción.

18 PREGNANCY RATES IN LACTATING DAIRY COWS TREATED WITH GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE-BASED SYNCHRONIZATION PROGRAMS AND INSEMINATED AT A FIXED TIME

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
D. Romero ◽  
G. Romero ◽  
G. Veneranda ◽  
L. Filippi ◽  
D. Racca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Group 3

An experiment was designed to compare pregnancy rates in lactating dairy cows synchronized with a 7-day CIDR-Synch or a 5-day CIDR-Synch program and to determine if the addition of a second prostaglandin F2α (PGF) injection to the 7-day CIDR-Synch program would improve pregnancy rates following fixed-time AI (FTAI). The experiments were performed on 2 dairy farms in Argentina, with year-round calving and a mixed feeding system (35% grazing plus 65% corn silage and grain). Cows (n = 621) were 39.3 ± 6.5 days in milk (DIM, mean ± SD) when they were enrolled in the program, had 2.4 ± 1.5 lactations and a body condition score (BCS) of 3.1 ± 0.2 (range: 2.7 to 4.0). All cows received a pre-synchronization treatment with 2 doses of prostaglandin (PGF, 25 mg of dinoprost, Lutalyse, Pfizer Animal Health, Argentina) 14 days apart, and 11 days after the second PGF (Day 0) received 10 µg of Buserelin (GnRH, Receptal, MSD-Intervet, Argentina) and a CIDR device (1.9 g of progesterone, Pfizer Animal Health). Cows were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups. The CIDR devices were removed and PGF was administered to cows in Groups 1 and 2 on Day 7. A second GnRH was given 56 h later and cows experienced FTAI 16 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection (i.e. 72 h after CIDR removal). Cows in Group 2 also received a second PGF injection on the afternoon of Day 7. Cows in Group 3 had the CIDR removed and received 2 PGF injections 12 h apart on Day 5. A second dose of GnRH was given and FTAI was performed at the same time, on Day 8 (i.e. 72 h after CIDR removal). All cows were examined by ultrasonography (Aloka 500V, Aloka, Tokyo, Japan) on the day of the first PGF injection and at CIDR removal to determine the presence and number of corpora lutea (CL), and 30 days after FTAI to determine pregnancy status. Data were analyzed by logistic regression to determine the effects of treatment, parity, days postpartum, milk production, BCS, presence of a CL at enrollment, and number of CL at the time of CIDR removal on pregnancy rates. Overall pregnancy rates did not differ among groups: 32.9% (68/207), 38.2% (78/204), and 38.3% (80/209) for Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (P = 0.2). Although the number of CL present at CIDR removal did not significantly affect pregnancy rates (P = 0.4), pregnancy rates in cows with 1 CL in Groups 1 and 2 tended to differ [29.0% (11/38) v. 48.9% (21/43); P < 0.07], but neither differed from that in Group 3 [37.2% (16/43)]. No differences were detected among groups in cows without a CL at CIDR removal [overall pregnancy rate: 29.4% (5/17)] and those with ≥2 CL [overall pregnancy rate: 36.1% (173/479)]. Among the other variables evaluated, first-parity cows had 1.96 (1.38–2.78) times more chance of getting pregnant than second-or-more-parity cows (P = 0.002) and cows with BCS >3 had 1.63 (1.16–2.28) times more chance of getting pregnant than those with BCS <3 (P = 0.003). Finally, herd, days postpartum, milk production, and presence of a CL at enrollment did not significantly affect pregnancy rates. We concluded that the 3 treatments resulted in similar pregnancy rates for lactating dairy cows and that the benefit of adding a second PGF injection to the 7-day protocol was only marginal in cows with 1 CL at CIDR removal.

72 EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE SUPPLEMENTATION ON DAY 4 AFTER TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ON PREGNANCY RATE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
G. Tortorelli ◽  
A. J. Azrak ◽  
V. da Costa Andrade ◽  
R. dos Santos Ramos ◽  
A. S. Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Embryonic Loss ◽  
Progesterone Supplementation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Intravaginal Device ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Group 1

Progesterone plays an important role in the maintenance of pregnancy. It is hypothesised that insufficient progesterone early in pregnancy may result in embryonic loss, and that supplemental progesterone would decrease pregnancy loss in dairy cows. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of progesterone supplementation after timed AI on pregnancy rate of dairy cows. The experiment was conducted in a single commercial herd, in Sao Paulo State (Brazil), during a period of 1 year (January–December 2016). The cows were assigned at a nonpregnancy diagnosis 32 ± 3 days after AI to 1 to 6 resynchronization treatments. They were submitted to the same fixed time AI protocol: Day 0, 0.1 mg of gonadorelin, 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate, and an intravaginal device of 1.9 g of progesterone; Day 7, 25 mg of dinoprost tromethamine; Day 8, 25 mg of dinoprost tromethamine, 1 mg of oestradiol cipionate, and device withdrawal; Day 10, AI. At Day 14, the cows were alternately arranged in 2 groups. Group 1 received a 900-mg progesterone supplementation IM injection, and Group 2 did not receive progesterone supplementation. Then, 32 ± 3 days after insemination, pregnancy diagnosis was performed by transrectal ultrasonography, and the data were tabulated. Full statistical analysis will be done at the end of the study, when more than 500 cows will be allocated to the 2 groups. From January until April 2016, 230 lactating dairy cows were submitted to the experiment. Both groups had similar average days in lactation (166), average number of lactations (1.95), and average number of inseminations (4.3). Group 1 had a pregnancy rate of 25% (29/116), and group 2 had a pregnancy rate of 15.8% (18/114) (P = 0.01, one-way ANOVA). Based on these preliminary data, pregnancy rates of lactating dairy cows may be improved with progesterone supplementation on Day 4 after insemination. These results need to be confirmed on larger numbers of cows.

scholarly journals Evaluation of criteria for optimal time AI postulated by estrous signs in lactating dairy cows kept in tie-stalls

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki SUMIYOSHI ◽  
Natsumi ENDO ◽  
Tomomi TANAKA ◽  
Hideo KAMOMAE
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

A rapid direct radioimmunoassay for the measurement of oestrone sulphate in the milk of dairy cows and its use in pregnancy diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Holdsworth ◽  
R. B. Heap ◽  
J. M. Booth ◽  
M. Hamon
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Oestrone Sulphate ◽  
Direct Assay ◽  
In Pregnancy

A radioimmunoassay for oestrone sulphate in unextracted samples of milk has been developed. The assay was validated by comparison with a method involving hydrolysis and extraction. The direct assay was used to measure oestrone sulphate in milk samples taken at weekly intervals throughout pregnancy in a commercial dairy herd. Concentrations of oestrone sulphate increased approximately 100 days after insemination and were maintained throughout the remainder of pregnancy in the range of 1·85–3·70 nmol/l.

Effect of sequential treatment with prostaglandin F2 alpha and/or oxytocin on estrus and pregnancy rate of lactating dairy cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F. Archbald ◽  
S. Constant ◽  
T. Tran ◽  
C. Risco ◽  
E. Klapstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Prostaglandin F2 Alpha ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

10 PREGNANCY RATE IN DAIRY COWS CROSSBREED HOLSTEIN × CARORA, DURING TWO SEASONS OF THE YEAR UNDER TWO ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION PROGRAMS AND TROPICAL CONDITIONS IN VENEZUELA

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
M. Cabezas ◽  
J. Cardenas ◽  
T. Diaz ◽  
A. A. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Gnrh Analog ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Breeding Groups ◽  
The Tropics

Two experiments were performed in a commercial farm located in Lara, Venezuela. The objective was to evaluate the pregnancy rate in postpartum dairy cows with different genetic composition of Holstein (H) and Carora (C) breeds (1/2, 3/4, and 7/8) during two seasons of the year using estrus synchronization programs. The first experiment evaluated the pregnancy rate of three different breeding groups in two seasons of the year. All cows (n = 305) were treated with the Heatsynch program (Select Sires, Inc., Miami, FL, USA): Cycling cows between Days 36 and 42 after parturition were injected with two doses of PGF2� 14 days apart. Seven days later, after the last injection of PGF2�, the cows were injected with a GnRH analog (Buserelin). Seven days later cows were injected with PGF2� and after 24 h cows were injected with 1 mg of estradiol cypionate (ECP). Cows were inseminated when heat was detected, and after 48 h all cows that did not present heat were inseminated. During the period from January to May, 152 cows were treated. The average temperature (T) was 25.22�C and relative humidity (RH) was 70.16%. During the period from June to October, 153 cows were treated. The T was 25.26�C and RH was 72.58%. The pregnancy rates for the groups were 1/2H � C, n = 89, 28.08%; 3/4H � C, n = 143, 25.17%; and 7/8H � C, n = 73, 26.02%; they were not significantly different (P < 0.14). However, the pregnancy rate was higher in January-May (30.92%) than in June-October (22.87%; P < 0.05). The second experiment evaluated pregnancy rates in the different breeding groups (H � C), using two protocols, Heatsynch vs. Ovsynch (Select Sires, Inc.). The Ovsynch program is similar to the Heatsynch program; however, the last injection of ECP in the Heatsynch program is changed to the GnRH analog after 48 h from the last injection of PGF2�. Cows were inseminated 24 h after the GnRH injection. Pregnancy rate was lower for cows treated with the Heatsynch program (21.15%) than for those treated with the Ovsynch program (45.28%; P < 0.01). Furthermore, cows in the 1/2 and 3/4 breeding groups had higher pregnancy rates than those in the 7/8 breeding group (1/2 = 42.05%, 3/4 = 38.33%, and 7/8 = 16.72%; P < 0.01). Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, the introduction of the Carora breed in the dairy herd increased the adaptability of the Holstein cows to tropical conditions by increasing their reproductive efficiency. Furthermore, pregnancy rates were increased using synchronization programs that did not require heat detection. This demonstrated the possibility of increasing reproductive performance in the tropics by incorporating estrus synchronization systems that do not require heat detection. These studies also demonstrated that the incorporation of dairy breeds adapted to tropical conditions, such as the Carora breed, aids in improving reproductive performance under high RH conditions.

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