Attitudes of rangeland holders towards sustainable range management in Iran: a case study of the Semnan rangelands

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leili Abolhassani ◽  
Gerhard Oesten ◽  
Sandra Rajmis ◽  
Hossein Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Range Management ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Development Plans

Rangeland depletion is a persistent problem in many developing countries and is often a result of inappropriate management activities such as overstocking, particularly in the regions of West Asia and North Africa (WANA). To convert to a sustainable system of range management, programs aimed at improving rangeland condition, such as range management or livestock development plans, which are mainly based on the range succession model, have been developed and implemented by several governments. A primary objective of these programs is to maintain stocking rates at a sustainable level. However, in many cases, rangeland users’ ignorance of socioeconomic factors has caused ineffectual implementation and thus a reduction in the effectiveness of these programs overall. In this study, a survey was conducted on rangeland communities in central northern Iran where the livestock population is 15% above the proposed carrying capacity 20 years after the inception of the Range Management Plan (RMP). The focus of this study was to investigate reasons that the RMP has not been successful, from the perspective of the rangeland holders. The data were collected using open-ended interviews. The data analysis indicated that the primary barriers to the successful implementation of the RMP are quite well matched with the description of the ‘diffusion of innovations’ theory. The three characteristics of the RMP innovation, including the lack of high relative advantages, incompatible structure of the RMP with the traditional rules, and lack of observability of short-term benefits from the RMP, were realised as the main barriers to the success of the RMP adoption. An additional concern for the rangeland holders was drought, which they felt was not adequately addressed or dealt with in the RMP. Lastly, the government’s failure to fulfil the initial commitments of the RMP, for instance financial supports, has resulted in a loss of confidence of rangeland holders in the enforcement agency and governmental policies.

Diffusion of Innovations Theory

2010 ◽  
pp. 242-276
Author(s):  
Francisco Chia Cua ◽  
Tony C. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Upper Management ◽  
Complex Relationships

The literature review on case study design does not explain how the complex relationships (the issues) in a case study are identified. A top down approach, borrowing from argumentation theory, is a distinct contribution of this chapter which introduces the diffusion of innovations (DOI) as a research problem theory applied to the examination of a business case involving the replacement of enterprise systems by a large risk-averse public sector university in Australasia. The business case document is intended to diffuse the innovation to upper management for funding. But, there is a lack of diffusion study about the business case stage (the process) and the business case document (the outcome) as the construct that affects the innovation and its diffusion. A crucial component of the said diffusion research is designing the case study and mitigating the risks of theory-practice inconsistencies. Critical to mitigating that threat are the complex relationships (issues) that should be thoroughly identified. The context of the research provides experiential practical knowledge and analytical lenses to understand the essential components of a case study and the controversies affecting the rigour in the research design. This makes the top down approach of identifying the issues a good methodological base of designing a single-case study in a particular context. It can be useful to post-graduate and PhD students.

The Good, the Bad, and the Missing of the “Diffusion of Innovations” Theory

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Chia Cua
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Simple Chain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Innovation And Change

A single-case study examined the complex issues in the deployment of new financial management information systems by a large public-sector university. Reflecting certain strengths (the good), weaknesses (the bad), and gaps (the missing) of the Diffusion of Innovations theory, this essay clarifies the theory in the context of Innovation and Change. The simple chain of reasoning gives structure to the data and slightly elevates the evidence gathered into episteme. The discussion presents the concepts, applies theory to context, and articulates the concept that cannot hold. Yet the DOI theory interpreted in the context is still at risk, unless the big picture of change is clear. Accordingly, the reflection suggests prospective research strategies for further development of the domain.

scholarly journals Social capital and the diffusion of learning management systems: a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Boland
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Learning Management

AbstractThe diffusion and adoption process of a learning management system (LMS) at higher education institutes faces several obstacles; some of which are unique to contexts while others are shared experiences. This diffusion case study compares the adoption process of the LMS Blackboard at two universities, Texas A&M University and Monash University in Australia, investigating the factors which impacted the adoption of the innovation at each context as well as the extent to which social capital influenced the diffusion process. The study specifically examined the different adopters involved, the objections raised, the barriers encountered, and the significant factors either resulting in the success or the failure of the innovation, employing a social capital-infused theoretical framework of diffusion within organizations outlined by Frank, Zhao, and Borman (Sociol Educ 77:148–171, 2004). Primary and secondary data were analyzed and examined from three peer-reviewed, empirical articles for comparison within the study.Findings highlighted strong alignment with Rogers’ (Diffusion of innovations, 2003) diffusion of innovations theory as well as the importance of social capital maintained by Frank and colleagues (Sociol Educ 77:148–171, 2004). Though describing different adoption processes and factors, each context supported the universal idea behind diffusion theory that members of a social system communicate an innovation through social channels over time and that innovators and early adopters play a vital role in this process (Rogers, Diffusion of innovations, 2003). As higher education institutes advance further into the twenty-first century and adopt more innovations within their learning frameworks and systems, this diffusion case study stresses the importance of understanding diffusion theory, having an in-depth knowledge of the stakeholders involved in the adoption process, and creating and implementing a meticulous diffusion plan to ensure a successful diffusion and adoption process.

scholarly journals SPATIO-STATISTICAL MODELING OF HUMAN BRUCELLOSIS USING ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS: A CASE STUDY OF NORTHERN IRAN

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽  
pp. 969-973
Author(s):  
N. Seyedalizadeh ◽  
A. A. Alesheikh ◽  
M. Ahmadkhani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control And Management

Abstract. Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases which is endemic in Iran. This disease is considered a significant hazard to citizens’ health and imposes heavy economic burdens, hence, requires a thorough control and management plan. The aims of this study are identifying the areas having the highest risk of brucellosis, as well as discovering the contributing environmental factors. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) method was used to model the probability of brucellosis in Golestan, Mazandaran, and Guilan provinces. The possible contribution of 12 environmental parameters in this disease was also measured using the Jackknife method. The results showed that the highest risk of brucellosis is located in southern Golestan, East, and West of Mazandaran, and south of Guilan province, and moisture, slope, vegetation and elevation are the most effective environmental factors on the spatial distribution of the disease. In addition, the probability of the disease in northern Iran increases from west to east. These findings could assist the public health managers and decision-makers in organizing a more efficient public health system.

Assessing Market Compliance of IT Security Solutions

2012 ◽  
pp. 13-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Roßnagel ◽  
Jan Zibuschka
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
It Security ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Present Case Study

In this chapter, the authors discuss the diffusion of IT security solutions. The authors base their research on Roger’s diffusion of innovations theory, and derive a model for holistic ex-ante analysis of the market potential of such systems based on generic factors influencing the diffusion of security solutions. After giving an overview of the relevant aspects of diffusion of innovations theory, and presenting the approach to use it as a structuring tool in ex-ante analysis, the authors present case study analyses for three IT security solutions, demonstrating the applicability of the method, and the alignment of results produced by the method with actual market results.

Beyond ERP Implementation

2010 ◽  
pp. 234-252
Author(s):  
Rafa Kouki ◽  
Robert Pellerin ◽  
Diane Poulin
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Erp Implementation ◽  
Top Management Support ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
It Support

Research about ERP post-implementation and ERP assimilation is very limited. Similarly, scant research investigated ERP experiences in developing countries. Based on a qualitative research methodology grounded in the diffusion of innovations theory, the present study aims at investigating the determining contextual factors for ERP assimilation. A cross-case study analysis of four firms in a developed and a developing country suggests that in both contexts, the primary factor for encouraging a successful ERP assimilation is top management support. Other factors such as post-implementation training and education, IT support, organizational culture, managers and users involvement, strategic alignment, external pressures and consultant effectiveness are also identified as factors that influence ERP assimilation. Several assimilation impediments that should be watched are also specified.

Adoption and Diffusion of Internet Banking

2008 ◽  
pp. 33-52
Author(s):  
Mahil Carr
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Psychological Models ◽  
Adoption And Diffusion ◽  
Acceptance Model ◽  
And Diffusion

This chapter reviews important theories?the diffusion of innovations theory, the theory of planned behavior, and the technology acceptance model?in information systems that explain the adoption and diffusion of new technological innovations especially in the context of Internet banking. These theories taken together provide us with psychological models that influence the adoption of a new delivery channel for banks, that is, Internet banking. Empirical works that have investigated these theories are discussed. A critical perspective is offered that highlights the theoretical and methodological limitations of these models. Newer and richer models that take into account the socio-historic contexts of technology adoption are called for. Approaches that complement or challenge positivistic methodologies that are interpretive are presented in a case study. Relating theory to practice this chapter discusses possible future trends in Internet banking that could make an attempt to include populations that are not included in the modern electronic formal mainstream financial systems.

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