The systematic position of Pulchrinodus inflatus (Pterobryaceae, Bryopsida) based on molecular data. Studies in austral temperate rainforest bryophytes 21

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stech ◽  
D. Quandt ◽  
A. Lindlar ◽  
J.-P. Frahm
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Sterile Condition ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
First Time ◽  
Molecular Trees

The systematic position of the rare moss Pulchrinodus inflatus (Hook. f. & Wils.) Allen, which is only known in sterile condition, has so far been dubious. The species has been transferred between very distant families of the Bryopsida, such as the haplolepideous Dicnemonaceae (Dicranales) or the diplolepideous Pterobryaceae (Leucodontales). To clarify the systematic relationships of Pulchrinodus at the molecular level, three DNA regions, the cpDNA trnL–F and psbT–H regions and the nrDNA ITS2, were sequenced. The psbT–H region is employed for the first time in the Bryopsida. In maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood trees, Pulchrinodus is clearly separated from the genera Dicnemon, Eucamptodon and Mesotus of Dicnemonaceae. Furthermore, a close relationship to genera of the Pterobryaceae (Hildebrandtiella, Pterobryon) is also not indicated. The molecular data, therefore, contradict a position of Pulchrinodus either in the haplolepideous mosses or in the Hypnales (today including the Leucodontales). Instead, the placement of Pulchrinodus in the molecular trees, near to species of the Rhizogoniaceae and Orthotrichaceae, together with its unique combination of gametophytic characters, indicates that Pulchrinodus occupies an isolated position in a grade diverging early within the diplolepideous mosses.

Towards a monophyletic classification of Lejeuneaceae III: the systematic position of Leiolejeunea

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFONS SCHÄFER-VERWIMP ◽  
KATHRIN FELDBERG ◽  
SHANSHAN DONG ◽  
HUUB VAN MELICK ◽  
DENILSON F. PERALTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Leaf Cell ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
First Time

The derived liverwort Leiolejeunea grandiflora was recollected at the type locality in Jamaica after more than 100 years. The characteristics of its oil bodies were described for the first time based on the new collections. Each leaf cell possesses 2-4(-6) rather small, subhomogeneous to very finely segmented, subglobose to ellipsoidal, colorless oil bodies. The plants were either dioicous or autoicous. DNA sequences of two chloroplast regions (trnL-trnF, rbcL) and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region were obtained for two accessions of Leiolejeunea to enable the inference of the phylogenetic relationships of these plants. Based on Bayesian inference of phylogeny as well as maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of a dataset including 87 representatives of Lejeuneaceae, Leiolejeunea was found as the putative sister to either Echinolejeuneinae or Cheilolejeuneinae. Thus, we propose the new monogeneric subtribe Leiolejeuneinae with relationships to Cheilolejeuneinae and Echinolejeuneinae. The analyses included also one accession of the generitype of Cheilolejeunea, C. decidua [= Cheilolejeunea adnata]. This species was found in a well supported sister relationship with Cystolejeunea. To avoid nomenclatural confusion, we propose a wide genus concept for Cheilolejeunea including Aureolejeunea, Cyrtolejeunea, Cystolejeunea, Evansiolejeunea, Leucolejeunea, and Omphalanthus.

A contribution towards the systematics of Magneuptychia Forster, 1964: Caeruleuptychia francisca (Butler, 1870), n. comb. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nakahara ◽  
Kaylin Kleckner ◽  
Gerardo Lamas ◽  
Blanca Huertas ◽  
Keith R. Willmott
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Analysis ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Tree ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
First Time

We here transfer an euptychiine taxon hitherto placed in the polyphyletic genus Magneuptychia Forster, 1964, to Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964. Caeruleuptychia francisca (Butler, 1870), n. comb. is reclassified based on a morphology-based maximum likelihood analysis, which is consistent with ongoing analyses of molecular data. Two putative synapomorphic characters are identified for the “Caeruleuptychia umbrosa clade”, one of which appears to be an unusual characteristic of euptychiine butterflies and is tested by optimizing onto the maximum likelihood tree. We also discuss the systematic placement of three additional enigmatic Caeruleuptychia species. A lectotype is designated for Euptychia francisca, and the genitalia of this species are illustrated here for the first time.

scholarly journals A note on the systematic position of the Bathynellacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) using molecular evidence

2002 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Camacho ◽  
Isabel Rey ◽  
Beatriz A. Dorda ◽  
Annie Machordom ◽  
Antonio G. Valdecasas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Internal Morphology ◽  
Mt 16S Rdna ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Molecular data for the mt 16S rDNA gene fragment of a bathynellacean is here presented for the first time and used to analyze the relationship of the group within the crustacean class Malacostraca (Arthropoda, Bathynellacea). Two contrasting views have classified the bathynelids as being either within the order Syncarida or in a separate super-order Podophallocarida belonging to the infra-class Eonomostraca, a disagreement based mainly on debates over external and internal morphology. The preliminary analyses offered here in question the placement of this Bathynellacea within the Syncarida, and suggest the need for a further study of relationships among the malacostracan groups.

scholarly journals Some thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia collected during KANACONO and KANADEEP expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia R. Galea ◽  
Peter Schuchert
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Records ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Thirty-six species of various thecate hydroids occur in two recent, deep-water collections from off New Caledonia. Of these, nine are new, namely Solenoscyphus subtilis Galea, sp. nov., Hincksella immersa Galea, sp. nov., Synthecium rectangulatum Galea, sp. nov., Diphasia alternata Galea, sp. nov., Dynamena opposita Galea, sp. nov., Hydrallmania clavaformis Galea, sp. nov., Symplectoscyphus acutustriatus Galea, sp. nov., Symplectoscyphus elongatulus Galea, sp. nov. and Zygophylax niger Galea, sp. nov. The male and female gonothecae of Caledoniana decussata Galea, 2015, the female gonothecae of Caledoniana microgona Galea, 2015, as well as the gonothecae of both sexes of Solenoscyphus striatus Galea, 2015 are described for the first time. The systematic position of the genera Solenoscyphus Galea, 2015 and Caledoniana Galea, 2015 is discussed on both morphological and molecular grounds, and both are confidently placed within the family Staurothecidae Maronna et al., 2016. In light of the molecular data, the genera Billardia Totton, 1930 and Dictyocladium Allman, 1888 are assigned to the families Syntheciidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 and Symplectoscyphidae Maronna et al. , 2016, respectively. The previously undescribed gonothecae of Hincksella neocaledonica Galea, 2015, and the male gonothecae of Sertularella tronconica Galea, 2016, were found. Thyroscyphus scorpioides Vervoort, 1993, a peculiar hydroid with putative stem nematothecae, is redescribed and assigned to the new genus Tuberocaulus Galea, gen. nov. Noteworthy new records from the study area are: Tasmanaria edentula (Bale, 1924), Hincksella sibogae Billard, 1918, Dictyocladium reticulatum (Kirchenpauer, 1884), Salacia sinuosa (Bale, 1888) and Billardia hyalina Vervoort & Watson, 2003. Most species are illustrated to facilitate their identification, and the morphology of the new ones is compared to that of their related congeners.

scholarly journals Designation of a new family group name, Tonzidae fam. nov., for the genus Tonza (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutoidea), based on immature stages of Tonza citrorrhoa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Kobayashi ◽  
Haruka Matsuoka ◽  
Masaaki Kimura ◽  
Jae-Cheon Sohn ◽  
Yutaka Yoshiyasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Family Group ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
First Time

The systematic position of Tonza Walker, 1864 is re-evaluated, based on the characteristics of immature stages and DNA barcodes. Larvae and pupae of Tonza citrorrhoa Meyrick, 1905 are described and illustrated for the first time. Larvae of this species form a loose web among the leaves and branches of the host plant, Putranjiva matsumurae Koidz. (Putranjivaceae Endl.). The immature stages of Tonza exhibit four unique apomorphies including: in the larva, the prolegs on A5 and A6 absent, and the seta L2 on the A1–A8 very small; in the pupa, four minute knobs are positioned in the middle portion on abdominal segments V and VI; while its caudal processes possess a W-shaped spine with numerous minute spines. These characteristics clearly distinguish Tonza from other yponomeutoid families and hence, we propose a new family group name, Tonzidae Kobayashi & Sohn fam. nov., for the genus Tonza. Existing DNA barcode data suggest a relationship with Glyphipterigidae Stainton, 1854. The family level status of Tonzidae fam. nov. provides a hypothesis that needs to be tested with larger molecular data.

Phylogenetic position of the crustose Stereocaulon species

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip HÖGNABBA ◽  
Raquel PINO-BODAS ◽  
Anders NORDIN ◽  
Leena MYLLYS ◽  
Soili STENROOS
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Spore Type ◽  
Direct Optimization ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
First Time

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships of Stereocaulon with emphasis on the crustose taxa were studied based on nuclear ribosomal ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 and partial beta-tubulin sequences. The placement of four of the six crustose species currently included in the genus has previously been confirmed based on molecular data. It has, however, remained unresolved whether the crustose growth form is a plesiomorphic or apomorphic feature within Stereocaulon, due to contradictory placements of the crustose species in earlier studies. The aim of this study was to clarify the position of the crustose species by including additional data, especially of S. nivale and S. plicatile, which have not been included in previous analyses. The inclusion of S. plicatile in the genus is of particular interest as it is the only species in the genus with submurifrom to muriform ascospores. Altogether 37 specimens representing 31 species of the ingroup, including all the crustose Stereocaulon species, were incorporated in the analyses. Conventional, as well as direct optimization parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were performed. The results show that the crustose species do not form a monophyletic entity and that the crustose growth form is a plesiomorphic feature within Stereocaulon. The crustose S. nivale and S. plicatile are nested within the genus and their inclusion in Stereocaulon is thereby confirmed. The nested position of S. plicatile indicates that the submuriform to muriform spore type has been gained independently within the genus. Here, S. plicatile is also reported for the first time from Scandinavia.

scholarly journals The first complete skeleton of Megaloceros verticornis (Dawkins, 1868) Cervidae, Mammalia, from Bilshausen (Lower Saxony, Germany): description and phylogenetic implications

Fossil Record ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Phylogeny Reconstruction ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
First Time

The first well preserved, articulated skeleton of a young male deer of <i>Megaloceros verticornis</i> (Dawkins, 1868) was excavated from early Middle Pleistocene sediments of the clay pit of Bilshausen (Unter-Eichsfeld, Lower Saxony). This find made it possible, for the first time, to establish, using cladistic techniques, the systematic position of <i>Megaloceros verticornis</i> among Pleistocene and Holocene plesiometacarpal and telemetacarpal cervids. By contrast to the antler and tooth characters, the postcranial characters, in particular, are suitable for phylogeny reconstruction. <i>Megaloceros verticornis</i> from Bilshausen shows great similarity with <i>M. giganteus</i> of the Upper Pleistocene of Europe in its skeletal morphology, and bootstrap values (BP = 100) show strong support for the monophyly of <i>M. giganteus</i> and <i>M. verticornis</i>. <br><br> The analysis yields no evidence, however, of a close relationship between <i>Dama</i> and <i>Megaloceros</i>, which has been widely discussed in the literature because of the presence of large, palmated antlers in both genera. <br><br> Aus der Tongrube von Bilshausen (Unter-Eichsfeld, Niedersachsen) konnte das erste, vollständige Skelett eines jugen Hirsches von <i>Megaloceros verticornis</i> (Dawkins, 1868) aus mittelpleistozänen Sedimentablagerungen geborgen werden. Dieser Fund ermöglichte es erstmalig, die systematische Stellung von <i>Megaloceros verticornis</i> im System plesiometacarpaler und telemetacarpaler Hirsche des Pleistozäns und Holozäns auf breiter Basis zu untersuchen. Im Gegensatz zu den Geweih- und Zahnmerkmalen eignen sich die postcranialen Merkmale des Skelettes besonders gut für eine phylogenetische Rekonstruktion der Hirsche. <br><br> Die Gemeinsamkeit Großer Schaufelgeweihe bei <i>Dama dama</i> und dem Riesenhirsch <i>Megaloceros</i> giganteus hat dazu geführt, beide in eine enge phylogenetische Beziehung zu setzen, was in der Literatur zu einer anhaltenden Kontroverse geführt hat. Die Analyse der Morphologie der postcranialen Elemente zeigt jedoch, dass es keine enge Verwandtschaft zwischen <i>Dama</i> und <i>Megaloceros</i> gibt. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.20020050118" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.20020050118</a>

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus scopulariae (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences: evidence supporting recognition of a new subtribe, Discyphinae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERARDO A. SALAZAR ◽  
Cássio Van den Berg ◽  
ALEX POPOVKIN
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Early Radiation ◽  
Molecular Trees

The monospecific genus Discyphus, previously considered a member of Spiranthinae (Orchidoideae: Cranichideae), displays both vegetative and floral morphological peculiarities that are out of place in that subtribe. These include a single, sessile, cordate leaf that clasps the base of the inflorescence and lies flat on the substrate, petals that are long-decurrent on the column, labellum margins free from sides of the column and a column provided with two separate, cup-shaped stigmatic areas. Because of its morphological uniqueness, the phylogenetic relationships of Discyphus have been considered obscure. In this study, we analyse nucleotide sequences of plastid and nuclear DNA under maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood criteria with the aim of clarifying its systematic position and discussing its peculiar morphology in an explicit phylogenetic context. Our analyses failed to support inclusion of Discyphus in Spiranthinae, signifying instead that this genus represents an additional isolated lineage of “core spiranthids.” The notable morphological disparity among such major lineages, as compared with the short internal branches subtending them in the molecular trees, would support the hypothesis that Discyphus represents a relict from an early radiation that also gave rise to Cranichidinae and Spiranthinae, putatively driven by adaptation to different pollinators given the morphological differences in floral morphology among these taxa.

scholarly journals A Polyphasic Characterisation of Tetradesmus almeriensis sp. nov. (Chlorophyta: Scenedesmaceae)

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2006
Author(s):  
Sara Turiel ◽  
Jose Antonio Garrido-Cardenas ◽  
Cintia Gómez-Serrano ◽  
Francisco Gabriel Acién ◽  
Lorenzo Carretero-Paulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Bayesian Approaches ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Scenedesmus Almeriensis

The microalga Tetradesmus almeriensis, previously known as Scenedesmus almeriensis, has been isolated and cultivated as a highly productive, fast-growing strain known as a natural source of different products of commercial interest, including bioactive compounds such as lutein. This strain produces up to 40 g·m−2·day−1 of lutein under optimal conditions and is highly recommendable for outdoor production in temperate and warm climates, showing maximal performance at temperatures up to 35 °C with no photo-inhibition taking place with irradiances greater than 1000 μE·m−2·s−1. Morphological and molecular data allow its assignment to the Chlorophycean genus Tetradesmus. The new species can be distinguished from similar Tetradesmus taxa due to its unique combination of features that are seen under light microscopy. We present herein a robust and comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of T. almeriensis, together with several additional Scenedesmaceae species, using a combination of maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Our results confirm T. almeriensis as a distinct species consistently clustering with other Scenedesmaceae.

scholarly journals Cones, needles and wood: Micraspis (Micraspidaceae, Micraspidales fam. et ord. nov.) speciation segregates by host plant tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Quijada ◽  
J.B. Tanney ◽  
E. Popov ◽  
P.R. Johnston ◽  
D.H. Pfister
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
New Family

Micraspis acicola was described more than 50 years ago to accommodate a phacidium-like fungus that caused a foliar disease of Picea mariana. After its publication, two more species were added, M. strobilina and M. tetraspora, all of them growing on Pinaceae in the Northern Hemisphere, but each species occupying a unique type of host tissue (needles, cones or wood). Micraspis is considered to be a member of class Leotiomycetes, but was originally placed in Phacidiaceae (Phacidiales), later transferred to Helotiaceae (Helotiales) and recently returned to Phacidiales but in a different family (Tympanidaceae). The genus remains poorly sampled, and hence poorly understood both taxonomically and ecologically. Here, we use morphology, cultures and sequences to provide insights into its systematic position in Leotiomycetes and its ecology. Our results show that the genus should not be included in Tympanidaceae or Phacidiaceae, and support the erection of a new family and order with a unique combination of morphological features supported by molecular data.

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