Achene Morphology and Pericarp Anatomy of the Type Specimens of the Australian and New Zealand Species of Bolboschoenus (Cyperaceae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Browning ◽  
K. D. Gordon-Gray ◽  
S. G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa

Three species of Bolboschoenus (Ascherson) Palla are reported for Australia and New Zealand. Bolboschoenus caldwellii (V.J.Cook) Soják and B. medianus (V.J.Cook) Soják are based on types from New Zealand (under Scirpus L.). Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torrey) Soják has been lectotypified by a specimen from North America. Scirpus perviridis V.J.Cook, the type of which is also from New Zealand has been considered conspecific with Bolboschoenus fluviatilis. Achene morphology and pericarp anatomy of achenes removed from isotypes of Cook’s three species, Scirpus perviridis, S. caldwellii and S. medianus, are described and illustrated by electron micrographs. These achenes are compared with a representative sample of achenes of each of the Bolboschoenus species named above, taken from herbarium specimens collected in Australia and New Zealand. Infraspecific taxa within Bolboschoenus fluviatilis are briefly outlined. Features of Bolboschoenus medianus suggest a possible hybrid origin.

DRECHSLERA ITO

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Taxonomic Study ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Artificial Culture ◽  
Formae Speciales

This taxonomic study of the hyphomycete genus Drechslera is based on type specimens, and on fresh collections and herbarium specimens principally from North America. Characters of conidia and conidiophores, and the growth characteristics of the species in artificial culture, are described and illustrated. Two keys to species are included: one based on characters of conidia and conidiophores; the second based on growth characteristics on sucrose proline agar. Fifteen species, one composed of two formae speciales, are accepted. Their names and some of the well-known synonyms are: D. avenacea (Curtis ex Cooke) Shoem. (= Helminthosporium, avenae Eidam); D. bromi (Died.) Shoem.; D. catenaria (Drechs.) Ito; D. dactylidis n. sp.; D. dictyoides (Drechs.) Shoem. f. sp. dictyoides; D. dictyoides f. sp. perenne (Braverman & Graham) n. comb.; D. erythrospila (Drechs.) Shoem.; D. fugax (Wallr.) Shoem. in Hughes (= H. stenacrum Drechs.); D. gigantea (Heald & Wolf) Ito; D. graminea (Rab. ex Schlecht.) Shoem.; D. phlei (Graham) Shoem.; D. poae (Baudys) n. comb. (= H. vagans Drechs.); D. siccans (Drechs.) Shoem.; D. teres (Sacc.) Shoem.; D. tritici-repentis (Died.) Shoem. (= Drechslera tritici-vulgaris (Nisikado) Ito); and D. tuberosa (Atk.) Shoem. (= H. secalis Whitehead & Dickson, = H. japonicum Ito & Kurib., = H. fragosoi Bubak). Also included are the perfect states of six species: Pyrenophora chaetomioides Speg. (st. conid. D. avenacea); P. bromi (Died.) Drechs. (st. conid. D. bromi); P. teres Drechs. (st. conid. D. teres); P. tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. (st. conid. D. tritici-repentis); P. japonica Ito & Kurib. in Ito (st. conid. D. tuberosa), and the perfect state of D. dactylidis.

scholarly journals Synopsis of Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), a genus endemic to the southern Andes

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 57-102
Author(s):  
Vanezza Morales-Fierro ◽  
Mélica Muñoz-Schick ◽  
Andrés Moreira-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South American ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Private Protected Areas ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Key Characters

We present a taxonomic synopsis of the South American genus Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae), within which we recognise seventeen taxa (14 species with three infraspecific taxa). The genus is mainly distributed in Chile between the coast of the Atacama Desert and the southern temperate forests, while two species occur in the Argentinian Provinces of Mendoza and Neuquén. This taxonomic treatment is based on the analysis of herbarium specimens from 30 different herbaria. For each accepted species we provide details of type specimens and synonymy, key characters, habitat, distribution information and presence in public or private protected areas. We also incorporate a list of representative localities from examined material. We here described three new taxa: Schizanthus porrigens Graham ex Hook. subsp. borealis V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, subsp. nov., Schizanthus carlomunozii V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, sp. nov. and its variety Schizanthus carlomunozii var. dilutimaculatus V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, var. nov., all of them from the coast of Coquimbo Region. We also recognise Schizanthus litoralis Phil. var. humilis (Lindl.) V.Morales & Muñoz-Schick, comb. nov., as a new combination.

Growth forms and sepal hairs of the purple saxifrage (Saxifraga oppositifolia: Saxifragaceae) in North America related to chromosome records and DNA information

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1088-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Aiken ◽  
M.C. LeBlanc ◽  
R.L. Boles
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Growth Forms ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The North ◽  
Saxifraga Oppositifolia

Growth forms and the presence or absence of hairs on the surfaces of the sepals of Saxifraga oppositifolia L. plants were examined on type specimens and more than 400 herbarium specimens collected from all over North America and Europe. Data were gathered on whether plant growth forms were compact, trailing, or intermediate between the extremes. Specimens were examined for whether or not hairs were present on the surface of the sepals between the long trichomes on the margins, and if so, an estimate was made of the degree of hairiness. While extreme forms of compact and trailing plants do occur, maps indicate that more of the plants collected in North America were intermediate in growth form. The geographic distribution of the presence or absence of hairs on the sepals is mapped, as is the gradation in degree of hairiness of sepals. The type specimen of S. oppositifolia subsp. smalliana (S. pulvinata), from the Yukon, has compact plants and flowers that have sepal surfaces with a few sparse hairs. The flowers have set fruits that have opened. “The smaller turbinate hypanthium” described in the original description may be the result of the structures being dehisced and dried up fruits. The type specimen of S. oppositifolia subsp. glandulisepala , from Alaska, is a relatively trailing specimen with some larger leaves. The sepal surfaces have a few glandular hairs. Whether or not the hairs appear glandular on herbarium specimens may reflect the stage of flowering at the time of collection. No morphological differences are associated with three different chromosome numbers known for S. oppositifolia plants from the area of the North American type specimens, and DNA analyses done mainly on European specimens, but also including a potential candidate for the name “smalliana”, gave inconclusive results. Thus, chromosome and DNA data join these morphological data on growth forms and the occurrence of sepal hairs to discourage recognizing subspecies among plants occurring in North America.

scholarly journals Variation in Linnaea borealis (Linnaeaceae) across North America and Greenland

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Peter F. Zika ◽  
Gordon C. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Floral Characters

Three subspecies of Linnaea borealis (Linnaeaceae) are reported from North America. We reviewed the literature and herbarium specimens, and were able to consistently recognize two taxa in the herbarium and in nature. Floral characters distinguish the two subspecies. Linnaea borealis subsp. borealis is widespread across Eurasia, and is common in the Aleutian Islands and mainland Alaska. Linnaea borealis subsp. longiflora is represented in eastern and southeastern Alaska, south to California, and east to the Atlantic and Greenland, and includes plants called subsp. americana. PCA and statistical analyses support the recognition of two infraspecific taxa. Lectotypes are designated for Linnaea borealis var. longiflora and Linnaea borealis var. longiflora forma orientalis. Also, a neotype is chosen for Linnaea americana.

scholarly journals Floristic survey of vascular plants in Crawford and Cherokee Counties in southeastern Kansas, U.S.A.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-591
Author(s):  
Samantha Young Pryer ◽  
Neil Snow ◽  
John Kartesz
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
The State ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
State University ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Plant Distributions ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Floristic Studies

This study documented the vascular flora of Crawford and Cherokee counties in southeastern Kansas. Each county experienced limited collecting in recent decades. A Pittsburg State University (PSU) student (Earl Sam Gibson) summarized the flora for Crawford County in 1963, but an extensive survey had never been done for Cherokee County. Fieldwork for the present study occurred mostly in 2014 and 2015. Based on approximately 6450 newly collected specimens, vouchers at PSU (including those of Gibson), and taxa documented by Biota of North America (BONAP) (Kartesz 2019), a total of 1420 unique taxa (species, subspecies and varieties) are reported for both counties combined, including 148 families, 591 genera, and 111 non-nominal infraspecific taxa. Of these, 1177 (82.9%) are native and 243 (17.1%) are non-native. A total of 44 state and 233 county records are documented. Included were 15 species of hybrid origin and 22 that are adventive from other parts of North America. Significant among the state records is the first published adventive occurrence of the genus Pinus in Kansas. Cherokee County has 1281 taxa (including 81 county records), whereas Crawford County includes 1139 taxa (and 152 county records). An important finding of our study, along with those of other recent floristic studies, is that vascular plant distributions at the state and county levels in the U.S.A. are less well documented than probably assumed. This is especially true for weedy taxa occurring in highly agricultural and industrial counties, as well as taxa with small, inconspicuous flowers and inflorescences, and counties relatively distant from universities. Undocumented occurrences of such taxa may adversely affect interpretations and distribution patterns of abundance, as for example when modeling plant distributions.

Carex lyngbyei excluded from the flora of eastern North America, and taxonomic notes on related species and hybrids

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Cayouette
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Pollen Stainability ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Carex lyngbyei has been reported from a few stations in eastern North America over the last century. Herbarium specimens so identified from that area are morphologically very diverse and are quite different from the typical C. lyngbyei along the North Pacific coastline and Iceland. This eastern material was found to belong to four species (C. aquatilis, C. crinita var. gynandra, C. paleacea, and C. recta) and six different hybrids (C. ×saxenii, C. ×gardneri, C. ×exsalina, C. ×subnigra, C. ×super-goodenoughii, and C. ×grantii). Pollen stainability of typical C. lyngbyei and of putative C. lyngbyei from eastern North America supported these revisions: it was high in species and low in hybrids or in species of hybrid origin such as C. recta. In western North America, C. lyngbyei has either 2n = 68, 70, or 72 chromosomes and meiosis appears to be regular. In contrast, some putative C. lyngbyei from eastern Quebec showed a highly disturbed meiosis. Consequently C. lyngbyei is excluded from eastern North America.

A monograph of Valsa on hardwoods in North America

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1355-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Spielman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Morphological Studies

The species of Valsa and Cytospora found on hardwoods in North America are reevaluated, based on morphological studies of type specimens, herbarium specimens, and fresh collections. Three sections are accepted in Valsa: sections Valsa, Monostichae Nits., and Cypri Urban, distinguished by the number, size, and arrangement of perithecia, the distribution of ostioles in the disc, and the size of ascospores. Four sections are accepted in Cytospora: sections Cytospora, Torsellia (Fr.) Gvrit., Cytophoma (Hoehn.) Gvrit., and Cytosporopsis (Hoehn.) Gvrit., based on the number and shape of the locules. Correlations between the teleomorphic and anamorphic sections Valsa–Cytospora, Monostichae–Torsellia, and Cypri–Cytophoma are reaffirmed. Six species of Valsa on North American hardwoods are accepted, and two new subspecies are proposed: V. ambiens subsp. ambiens and V. ambiens subsp. leucostomoides (Peck) Spielman. Six species of Cytospora are accepted.

Catalogue of the Type Specimens of the “Prof. Ioan Nemeş” Lepidoptera Collection, The Museum of Natural Sciences Dorohoi (Botoşani County, Romania)

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-203
Author(s):  
Mihai Stănescu ◽  
Cristina Amarie
Keyword(s):  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
The Status

Abstract The collection which belonged to the Prof. Ioan Nemeș (1924-2009), currently curated at the Museum of Natural Sciences Dorohoi (Botoșani County), is one of the most important and valuable collections of Lepidoptera preserved in a Romanian museum. Within this collection, a number of 47 type specimens have been identified, on which the descriptions of 28 species and other infraspecific taxa from 5 Lepidoptera families: Nepticulidae, Coleophoridae, Tortricidae, Crambidae and Geometridae have been based. All these specimens were collected from the territory of Romania. Some of the identified type specimens belong to taxa with doubtful status, whose original descriptions are poor and superficial. The discovery of these type specimens finally allowed assessing the status of several taxa, and the following new synonymies are proposed: Ancylis uncella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1933) = Ancylis bucovinella Peiu & Nemeş, 1969 nov. syn.; Epiblema foenella (Linnaeus, 1758) = Epiblema foenella f. fracta Popescu-Gorj & Nemeş, 1965 nov. syn.; Pelochrista decolorana ( Freyer, 1842) = Pseudeucosma alexinschiana Peiu & Nemeş, 1968 nov. syn.; Nascia cilialis ( Hübner, 1 796) = Calamotropha olarui Nemeş, 1972 nov. syn.; Scopula (Calothysanis) subpunctaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) = Scopula peiui Olaru, 1973 nov. syn.; Idaea pallidata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) = Sterrha constantineanui Olaru, 1973 nov. syn.; Idaea elongaria (Rambur, 1833) = Sterrha nemesi Olaru, 1973 nov. syn.

Psychiatric Illness Among a Nationally Representative Sample of Sole and Partnered Parents in New Zealand

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Tobias ◽  
Sarah Gerritsen ◽  
Jesse Kokaua ◽  
Robert Templeton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Nationally Representative
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