Algal systematics in Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Entwisle ◽  
John Huisman
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Flora Of Australia ◽  
Voucher Material ◽  
Floristic Studies ◽  
Terrestrial Algae

Documentation of the algal flora of Australia had its beginnings in the seventeenth century and has progressed sporadically but with increasing vigour ever since. Earlier studies dealing with Australian algae were undertaken by overseas phycologists working with specimens collected during scientific voyages or short visits. Recent floristic studies have concentrated on specific regions, isolated localities, or particular taxonomic or ecological groupings. The algal flora of Australia is unevenly documented: northern Australia remains largely uncollected for seaweeds and marine phytoplankton, freshwater algal sampling sites are eclectically scattered across Australia, and collecting of terrestrial algae has been almost completely neglected. At present, numbers and names of species reported from Australia can only be provisional, and an immense amount of floristic and revisionary work is needed before we can match our current knowledge of the vascular plant flora. Until recently, documentation of records was poor and voucher material seldom adequate. We recommend extensive collecting, thorough taxonomic revisions, and regular contribution to Floras and guidebooks. A critical corollary is the training and employment of systematic phycologists in Australian herbaria and universities. Only then can we follow the path that leads ‘beyond the Floras’.

scholarly journals Hidden Host Plant Associations of Soilborne Fungal Pathogens: An Ecological Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 538-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenna M. Malcolm ◽  
Gretchen A. Kuldau ◽  
Beth K. Gugino ◽  
María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Nonhost Plant ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forest Plants

Much of the current knowledge on population biology and ecology of soilborne fungal pathogens has been derived from research based on populations recovered from plants displaying disease symptoms or soil associated with symptomatic plants. Many soilborne fungal pathogens are known to cause disease on a large number of crop plants, including a variety of important agronomical, horticultural, ornamental, and forest plants species. For instance, the fungus Verticillium dahliae causes disease on >400 host plants. From a phytopathological perspective, plants on which disease symptoms have not been yet observed are considered to be nonhosts for V. dahliae. This term may be misleading because it does not provide information regarding the nature of the plant–fungus association; that is, a nonhost plant may harbor the fungus as an endophyte. Yet, there are numerous instances in the literature where V. dahliae has been isolated from asymptomatic plants; thus, these plants should be considered hosts. In this article, we synthesize scattered research that indicates that V. dahliae, aside from being a successful and significant vascular plant pathogen, may have a cryptic biology on numerous asymptomatic plants as an endophyte. Thus, we suggest here that these endophytic associations among V. dahliae and asymptomatic plants are not unusual relationships in nature. We propose to embrace the broader ecology of many fungi by differentiating between “symptomatic hosts” as those plants in which the infection and colonization by a fungus results in disease, and “asymptomatic hosts” as those plants that harbor the fungus endophytically and are different than true nonhosts that should be used for plant species that do not interact with the given fungus. In fact, if we broaden our definition of “host plant” to include asymptomatic plants that harbor the fungus as an endophyte, it is likely that the host ranges for some soilborne fungal pathogens are much larger than previously envisioned. By ignoring the potential for soilborne fungal pathogens to display endophytic relationships, we leave gaps in our knowledge about the population biology and ecology, persistence, and spread of these fungi in agroecosystems.

The Changing Landscape of Indigenous Gambling in Northern Australia: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Young ◽  
Tony Barnes ◽  
Matthew Stevens ◽  
Marisa Paterson ◽  
Mary Morris
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Future Directions

scholarly journals Vascular flora of the Viešvilė State Strict Nature Reserve and its buffer zone (West Lithuania)

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-48
Author(s):  
Asta Uselienė ◽  
Vytautas Uselis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Dynamics Of Abundance ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Vascular Plant Species ◽  
Floristic Studies

AbstractThe paper presents analysis of the results of floristic studies carried out over 25 years in the Viešvilė State Strict Nature Reserve (VSSNR) and its buffer zone. The list of 703 vascular plant species including the data on their distribution and dynamics of abundance are provided. The native flora of the VSSNR includes 580 species, i.e. amounts to 47% of all native vascular plant species recorded in Lithuania. Since 1991, after the establishment of the Reserve, 15 species have become extinct and 30 have become endangered as a result of natural succession. Among 37 alien species recorded in the Reserve, four species are penetrating into natural habitats and threatening their existence. It was ascertained that about half of all species were recorded in meadows and glades of the forests, i.e. in the habitats, which occupy less than 1% of the whole territory. These are also habitats of most extinct and endangered species. Riparian and fontinal black alder woods are the most rich in vascular plant species among forest habitats.

scholarly journals Typification of the names and taxonomic status of selected vascular plant taxa described by Max Eugen Heinrich Grütter

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Artur Pliszko ◽  
Waldemar Heise
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
North Central ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Floristic Studies ◽  
East Prussia

Max Eugen Heinrich Grütter (30 March 1865–31 March 1897) was a German botanist interested in floristics and taxonomy of vascular plants and mosses (Abromeit 1897). He conducted intensive floristic studies on the territory of the former West and East Prussia, especially in the former West Prussian Province Schwetz (now north-central Poland) where he lived in the small village of Luschkowko (Grütter 1892, 1895a, 1895b, 1895c, 1897). His numerous findings had been frequently cited in “Flora von Ost‑ und Westpreussen” by Abromeit et al. (1898–1940). In 1890–1891, in the course of the floristic expeditions in the former West Prussian Province Schwetz, Grütter found interesting vascular plants which he deemed as new to science. The names of these taxa were validly published in Deutsche botanische Monatsschrift (Grütter 1892).

scholarly journals Microstructure of Archaeological 17th Century Cast Copper Alloys

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Konieczny ◽  
K. Labisz ◽  
K. Głowik-Łazarczyk ◽  
J. Ćwiek ◽  
Ł. Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Copper Block ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Solid Copper

Abstract In Poland, researchers have a very strong interest in archaeometallurgy, which, as presented in classical works, focuses on dating artefacts from the prehistoric and early medieval periods in the form of cast iron and copper castings. This study, extending the current knowledge, presents the results of a microstructure investigation into the findings from the Modern era dating back to the late Middle Ages. The investigated material was an object in the form of a heavy solid copper block weighing several kilograms that was excavated by a team of Polish archaeologists working under the direction of Ms Iwona Młodkowska-Przepiórowska during works on the marketplace in the city of Czestochowa during the summer of 2009. Pre-dating of the material indicates the period of the seventeenth century AD. The solid copper block was delivered in the form of a part shaped like a bell, named later in this work as a “kettlebell”. To determine the microstructure, the structural components, chemical composition, and homogeneity, as well as additives and impurities, investigations were carried out using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy including analysis of the chemical composition performed in micro-areas, and qualitative X-ray phase analysis in order to investigate the phase composition. Interpretation of the analytical results of the material’s microstructure will also help modify and/or develop new methodological assumptions to investigate further archaeometallurgical exhibits, throwing new light on and expanding the area of knowledge of the use and processing of seventeenth-century metallic materials.

scholarly journals Comparing Comparisons in Muslim Polemical Writings from Christian Iberia and Exile: Muḥammad al-Qaysī’s Kitāb Miftāḥ al-Dīn and the Anonymous Tratado de los dos caminos

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mònica Colominas Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Arabic Characters ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Practice

Comparison figures prominently in the polemics of the Muslim, Christian, and Jewish inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula in premodern and early modern times. Its pervasiveness as a figure of thought in their sources raises the question of variety in regard to comparison—that is, the multiple expressions of comparison as well as its numerous uses—particularly in the field of polemics. This paper discusses the functions of comparison in polemics as a necessary first step to advance current knowledge of comparison as a historical practice in the making of one’s identity and the definition of groups and individuals. The discussion will focus on writings by Muslims who lived in Christian Iberia. It will focus particularly on two anti-Christian polemics: that by the Tunisian author Muḥammad al-Qaysī in an as-yet unstudied Aljamiado copy (Spanish in Arabic characters); and the Tratado de los dos caminos (Treatise of the Two Roads), an early-seventeenth-century work of Islamic doctrine by the so-called “Refugee in Tunisia”. The analysis of these two works will address the most important common points and differences between their respective polemical comparisons.

A new Contribution on the Vascular Flora of Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Culiţă Sîrbu ◽  
Adrian Oprea
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Floristic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pedicularis Sylvatica

Abstract As a result of our field floristic studies in the recent years (2012 and 2013), we recorded some new data on the occurrence and chorology of three vascular plant species in Romania. Two of these are alien plants, invasive in many geographic regions of the world, namely: Acroptilon repens (an Asian species, reported as a newcomer in the flora of Romania, in this paper), and Picris echioides (a Mediterranean species, which is reported now in new localities). The third species, Pedicularis sylvatica, is a quite rare indigenous plant, critically threatened in Romania, reported here for the first time in the flora of Moldavia (eastern Romania).

Anti-Paracelsianism from Conrad Gessner to Robert Boyle

Daphnis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-139
Author(s):  
Charles D. Gunnoe ◽  
Dane T. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Robert Boyle

This article surveys the current knowledge of the anti-Paracelsian movement from a confessional perspective. It outlines the rise of the critique of Paracelsus by academic physicians such as Conrad Gessner, Thomas Erastus’s vociferous demonization, and an ambivalent Catholic reaction. Andreas Libavius and other chymical theorists remained critical of Paracelsus’s natural philosophy while engaging aspects of his alchemy. The cumulative impact reveals a widespread anti-Paracelsian discourse, which escalated in the seventeenth century due to the growing popularity of Paracelsian spiritualism.

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