Court-based participatory research: collaborating with the justice system to enhance sexual health services for vulnerable women in the United States

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Roth ◽  
J. Dennis Fortenberry ◽  
Barbara Van Der Pol ◽  
Joshua Rosenberger ◽  
Brian Dodge ◽  
...  

Background Although jail screening programs have an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmissible infections (STI) and HIV among incarcerated individuals, many arrestees are not screened before release. Justice-involved women are at particularly high risk for these conditions because of individual risk behaviour as well as other network-level risk factors. Court-based programs could provide a critical bridge between these women, STI risk counselling and health services. This formative study explored the features of a program that would encourage STI testing among court-involved women. Further, we describe how community-based participatory research principles were adapted for use in a court setting and the resulting justice–public health partnership. Methods: Using semistructured interviews and focus group discussions, we explored issues related to health-seeking behaviours, perceived gaps in services for high-risk women and the components of a court-based screening program. Results: Six focus groups were conducted with women with a history of commercial sex work and staff from the court, as well as local organisations providing HIV and social support services for high-risk women. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) principles facilitated development of relevant research questions and equitable processes, and assisted partners to consider individual and sociostructural sources of health disparities. Discussion: Although not every principle was applicable in a court setting, the CBPR framework was helpful for building cohesion and support for the project. We provide a description of how CBPR principles were operationalised, describe the key lessons learned and discuss the implications for CBPR projects in a community court.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
Mark Wendell Kennedy ◽  
Jacques Carter ◽  
Stephen Wright ◽  
Magnolia Contreras ◽  
Karen Marie Winkfield

99 Background: Black men have the highest incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) and are twice as likely to die of the disease than any other race/ethnic group in the United States. The recent controversy related to PCa screening may disproportionately impact black men who are already at greatest risk from the disease. This project sets out to develop culturally-competent educational and screening programs for men in high-risk populations so they can make an informed decision about PCa screening. Methods: A community-based education and screening program targeted towards black men living in an under-resourced community in Boston, MA was implemented. A mobile PCa screening van was initially employed and stationed at a local community health center (CHC) twice annually. Education about PCa screening was provided by a trained racially-concordant patient navigator (PN). Screening was available on the van by a primary care physician (PCP). In 2013, the pre-screening educational model was incorporated into the clinical practice of a single PCP practicing at the CHC. Every male patient over the age of 40 had an educational consultation about PCa screening with the PN before seeing their PCP. The patient would then discuss screening with the doctor and decide whether to proceed at that visit. Results: From 2004 to 2013, 20 van visits were conducted at the CHC. Two-hundred seven (207) men received PCa screening education; 179 (86.5%) elected to undergo screening. Of the men screened, 26 (14.5%) were referred for further testing as a result of their screening test. From January 2013 to September 2014, 121 men received PCa education; 100 men (82.6%) were screened. Ninety percent had both prostate-specific antigen testing and a digital rectal exam. Conclusions: These data suggest that formal PCa screening education prior to meeting with a physician is welcomed and may be a way to increase baseline screening in high risk populations. This provides an opportunity to develop an individualized prostate health management program based on individual risk profiles and to carefully monitor PSA fluctuations. The ultimate goal is to reduce unnecessary interventions while capturing PCa early in men at greatest risk.


Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Council ◽  
Julian C. Wilson ◽  
B. Michelle Harris ◽  
Anne Marie O’Keefe ◽  
Corey Henderson ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Whitney Boling ◽  
Kathryn Berlin ◽  
Rhonda N. Rahn ◽  
Jody L. Vogelzang ◽  
Gayle Walter

The institutional review board (IRB) process is often protracted and can be a source of frustration, especially when you want your research and publications to move apace. However, because of historical events, the IRB is an important requirement for conducting research with human participants and is regulated by federal oversite. When conducting research as part of a pedagogical study, it is important to identify which level of IRB review (exempt, expedited, or full board) is required. The purpose of this article is to highlight IRB basics within the United States for pedagogy research. Although there are guidelines internationally, this article specifically focuses on U.S. IRBs, including a brief history of the IRB, pedagogical and community-based participatory research, IRB review, tips for IRB submissions, and example case studies.


Author(s):  
Sonya Zhang ◽  
Bradley Dorn

Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA) are still associated with “worse general health status and poor physical health” (Jiexin, 2007) in the United States today. Meanwhile, limitations still exist in HPSA studies for multiple reasons, including limited data resources and availability, lack of efficient way to share and collaborate, and lack of community participation and public awareness. To overcome these limitations, we proposed a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach for HPSA studies that allows researchers to share and collaborate on HPSA related data, and allows the general public to learn about HPSA and participate in survey and discussions that help supplement researchers’ data. Through CBPR, effective and location-appropriate research, planning, and awareness can be achieved (O'Fallon & Dearry, 2002). We then described a Web application, which was designed based on our CBPR model, through the use of Google Fusion Table and Geocoding.


2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Case ◽  
Ronald Byrd ◽  
Eddrena Claggett ◽  
Sandra DeVeaux ◽  
Reno Perkins ◽  
...  

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