Short-term changes in soil properties under tillage systems and their effect on sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) growth and yield in an Ultisol in south-eastern Nigeria

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. N. Anikwe ◽  
J. N. Ubochi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
N Content ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Crop Development

Tillage influences soil quality via its effects on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, which in turn affect crop productivity. This study evaluates the effects of conventional (CT) and no-till (NT) systems on (1) soil temperature, bulk density, soil gravimetric water content (GWC), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), soil organic carbon content (SOC), and total nitrogen (N), and (2) growth and yield of 3 sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (L) Lam varieties (87/00/87, ex-Igbariam, and 8164). A field experiment was conducted in 2005 and 2006 on a Typic paleudult in south-eastern Nigeria. The experimental plots comprised 6 treatments (CT 87/00/87 variety, CT ex-Igbariam, CT 8164, NT 87/00/87 variety, NT ex-Igbariam, NT 8164 variety) laid out in the field using randomised complete block design replicated 3 times. Soil temperature was 1–2°C higher in CT plots during early stages of crop development. CT plots had significantly lower soil dry bulk density (1.30–1.35 Mg/m3) than NT plots. Soil GWC was higher, whereas Ksat was lower, in NT plots than CT plots at 35 and 65 days after planting (DAP) for both planting seasons. NT plots had a 0.22–0.26-fold increase in SOC and 16–27% higher N content compared with CT plots at 35 and 65 DAP. The 3 varieties of sweet potato used did not significantly influence soil properties at the different times after planting. Sweet potato yield obtained in CT 87/00/87 variety (21.7–24.9 Mg/ha) for both seasons was higher (P < 0.05) than sweet potato tuber yield obtained from NT ex-Igbariam plots (which had the lowest yield) by about 88%. For each variety, CT plots has significantly higher yield than NT plots. This study showed that although NT practices conserved soil moisture, decreased soil temperature, reduced water infiltration, and increased SOC and soil total N content when compared to CT plots, the reduction in soil compaction at the early stages of crop development (0–65 DAP) in CT plots had a more positive impact on tuber yield and masked the positive effect of other soil productivity parameters for this crop.

scholarly journals Effect of soil temperature on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) under cool climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Gibrilla DUMBUYA ◽  
Habtamu Assega ALEMAYEHU ◽  
Md Mehedi HASAN ◽  
Maya MATSUNAMI ◽  
Hiroyuki SHIMONO
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cool Climate

scholarly journals Comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Mambo ◽  
M Mataa ◽  
BH Chishala
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative effects of jatropha seedcake, chicken and kraal manures on selected soil properties, growth and yield of tomato in Zambia during the cropping season of 2012-13. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates and six treatments, namely- jatropha seedcake (5.0 t ha-1), chicken manure (5.0 t ha-1), kraal manure (5.0 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + chicken manure (2.5 t ha-1), jatropha seedcake (2.5 t ha-1) + kraal manure (2.5 t ha-1) and control (0.0 t ha-1) was used. Soil total N, P, K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, bulk density, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits plant-1, and mean fruit weight effects were subsequently monitored. Organic manures significantly increased total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, SOM, soil pH, plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, mean fruit weight and yield of tomato compared to the control. Organic manures also significantly reduced soil bulk density compared to the control. Among the organic amendments treated alone, jatropha seedcake gave the highest yield of 28.62 t ha-1 compared to chicken manure (28.20 t ha-1) and kraal manure (27.50 t ha-1). Maximum yield benefits came from a mixture of jatropha seedcake + chicken manure (29.60 t ha-1)and jatropha seedcake + kraal manure (29.00 t ha- 1) which could have been due to balanced proportions of major nutrients required for tomato growth. Jatropha seedcake mostly performed favourably the same or better than chicken and kraal manures in many aspects.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 8 (1): 1-6, June, 2018

scholarly journals Growth and yield of anthurium in response to sawdust mulching

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Juliana Domingues Lima ◽  
Samara Zanetti ◽  
Edson Shigueaki Nomura ◽  
Eduardo Jun Fuzitani ◽  
Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Flower Yield ◽  
Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The objectives of the study were to analyze the effect of sawdust mulch on the: (1) soil characteristics; (2) growth and flower yield of the anthurium cv. 'Apalai'. Assay was conducted in a totally randomized design in subdivided plots, with five treatments and eight replications. The treatment consisted of five volumes of sawdust 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80L m-2, distributed over the bed, every three months. Soil, plants and flower stalks were evaluated during two years. Soil temperature, moisture, organic matter, bulk density and water retention conditions were improved, while the leaf area of plants and the yield of flower stalks were increased when the soil were mulched with sawdust. In addition to increasing soil organic matter, however, no change occurred in the level of nutrients in plants. Sawdust also improved the dimension of flower stalks. Application of 40L m-2 of sawdust every three months is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of using Modified Subsoiler-Moldboard Plow on Some of the Soil properties and Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Growth and Yield Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Shaker H. Aday ◽  
Dhyeaa S. Ashour ◽  
Akram A.A. Al-Khalidy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Moldboard Plow

Field experiments were conducted in silty clay soil, to study the effect of using the modified subsoiler-moldboard plow (MSMP) on some soil properties (bulk density, penetration resistance and electrical conductivity) and on some of broad bean growth and yield parameters (emergency rate, plant height, frock number, pods number per plant, seeds number per pods, weight of 1000 seeds, and total yield). The experiment parameters were three depths of subsoiler as a part of MSMP (30,40 and 50cm) and two depths of moldboard as a part of MSMP (20 and 30cm). The results showed that increasing the subsoiler depth from 30 to 40 cm resulted in redusing the bulk density and electrical conductivity of the soil by 2.70 and 8.29%, respectively, while increased the growth and yield parameters by 10.17, 14.29, 33.43, 7.37, 21.46, 27.31 and 45%, respectively. Increasing the subsoiler depth from 40 to 50cm decreased the soil bulk density and electrical conductivity by 1.85 and 0.60% respectively, whereas the growth and yield parameters increased by 10.22, 37.50, 49.89, 93.13 35.34, 33.34 and 117.67% respectively. The increase of the moldboard depths from 20 to 30cm leaded to increase the growth and yield parameters by 23.16%, 24.70%, 67.46%, 57.51%, 34.38%, 20.33% and 68.16% respectively. The subsoiler and moldboard depths (50 and 30cm) gave the highest emergence rate, plant height, weight of 1000 seeds and yield by 71.61%, 109.42%, 111.01% and 407.46% compared with the shallow depths of subsoiler and moldboard plow depths (30 and 20cm respectively). The results revealed that the values of the soil properties decreased by 12.50%, 60.31% and 40.86%, respectively after tillage, whereas they increased by 17.35%, 250.68% and 169.09%, respectively before harvest.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield Characteristics of Five Different Sweet Potato Varieties Grown in the Guinea Savanna Ecological Zone of Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Abonuusum Ayimbire ◽  
Gabriel Asumboya ◽  
Christina Abi Atinga ◽  
Richard Akazotiyele ◽  
Bodieu Marcellinus
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Root Tuber

Aim: To determine the growth characteristics of five sweet potato varieties on different soil types as well as how they each relates to tuber yield. This investigation will help guide farmers from resource-limited areas to select varieties that grow well in austere soils to produce good yield of tubers, thereby boosting global food security.  Study Design: Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments and three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Experimental field of Bolgatanga Technical University for five months. Methodology: Planting was done by inserting 10 cm length of each 30 cm long soft wood vine cutting into the soil, followed by watering. Five vine cuttings planted per ridge at a spacing of 60cm. Vine cuttings were transplanted in the same order on each ridge. There were 15 plants per treatment, so seventy-five (75) for the five treatments. Results: Analysis of the soil showed sandy loamy soil with suitable pH of 6.05. The Orange flesh and Agric white varieties had the largest and smallest leaf areas of 177.76 cm2 and 110.74 cm2 respectively. Leaf area was positively correlated with root tuber mass in only the Red local variety (r = 0.026). Petiole length of the Orange flesh variety (19.08 cm) was significantly longer than that of the Agric white (13.55 cm, p = 0.02), Agric orange flesh (13.85 cm, p = 0.04), Red skin (11.84 cm, p = 0.00) and Red local (12.18 cm, p = 0.00) varieties. Petiole length was positively correlated with tuber yield in only the Orange flesh variety (r = 204). The Red skin (174.28 cm) and Red local (172.46 cm) varieties had the longest vines than all the rest, though not statistically significant (p = 0.241). Root tuber yield of the five varieties were Agric white (1.22 Kg), Agric orange flesh (1.40 Kg), Red skin (4.27 Kg), Red local (2.96 Kg) and Orange flesh (5.72 Kg), which were significantly different from each other (p=0.05).   Conclusion: The Orange flesh variety had the largest leaf area, longest petioles and the highest root tuber mass. On the other hand, the Agric white variety recorded the least Leaf area, Vine length and Tuber mass while the Red skin variety had the shortest Petioles.

Effect of Five Years of No-tillage and Mulch on Soil Properties and Tuber Yield of Cassava on an Acid Ultisol in South-eastern Nigeria

1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Hulugalle ◽  
R. Lal ◽  
M. Gichuru
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

SUMMARYThe effect of no-tillage and mulch on soil properties and tuber yield of cassava was studied over a five year period on an infertile, acid Ultisol in south-eastern Nigeria. Mulch was applied at a rate of 12 t ha−1as a split application once at planting and once six months after planting. No chemical fertilizers were used during the trial. Bulk density and proportion of micropores (pore radius, r, <1.4 µm) were greater, and proportion of macropores (r>14.4 µm) lower, with no-tillage. Water infiltration was increased by mulching, being greatest in tilled, mulched plots. Soil chemical properties were not significantly affected by tillage system, although levels of exchangeable calcium, magnesium and potassium were higher and acid saturation lower with mulching. Soil physical and chemical properties were best with tillage and mulching, and poorest when neither tillage nor mulch was used. Cassava tuber yield was unaffected by tillage system but increased by mulching.

EFFECT OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH DIFFERENT POTASSIUM SOURCES AND ZINC RATES ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.).

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Nagy ◽  
Essam Abou El-Salehein ◽  
Wafaa Fekry ◽  
Helmy Wahdan
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potassium Sources
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