The effect of increased ground-level habitat complexity on mouse population dynamics

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Arthur ◽  
R. P. Pech ◽  
A. Drew ◽  
E. Gifford ◽  
S. Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Mouse Population ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
The Impact

We investigated experimentally the influence of habitat structure on the population dynamics of house mice. Three habitat types were used. In one, dense stands of regenerating cypress pine were felled and left in situ to cover at least 40% of experimental plots, providing high complexity at ground level; in another, dense stands of regenerating pine were left intact, providing low complexity at ground level; in the third, open grassland adjacent to dense stands of regenerating pine also provided low complexity at ground level. Mouse populations occurred at higher densities in felled pine plots compared with both the standing pine and grassland plots, consistent with the hypothesis that the presence of increased habitat complexity at ground level reduced the impact of predation. Even though populations responded to the felled pine, they dropped to very low densities over winter, suggesting that the habitat was still marginal for the persistence of mice, probably due to a lack of food. The results are discussed with reference to their implications for the influence that habitat structure may have on the impact of introduced predators on native species.

scholarly journals OMI satellite observations of decadal changes in ground-level sulfur dioxide over North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 5921-5929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh K. Kharol ◽  
Chris A. McLinden ◽  
Christopher E. Sioris ◽  
Mark W. Shephard ◽  
Vitali Fioletov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
North America ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) has a significant impact on the environment and human health. We estimated ground-level sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) using SO2 profiles from the Global Environmental Multi-scale – Modelling Air quality and CHemistry (GEM-MACH) model over North America for the period of 2005–2015. OMI-derived ground-level SO2 concentrations (r = 0. 61) and trends (r = 0. 74) correlated well with coincident in situ measurements from air quality networks over North America. We found a strong decreasing trend in coincidently sampled ground-level SO2 from OMI (−81 ± 19 %) and in situ measurements (−86 ± 13 %) over the eastern US for the period of 2005–2015, which reflects the implementation of stricter pollution control laws, including flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) devices in power plants. The spatially and temporally contiguous OMI-derived ground-level SO2 concentrations can be used to assess the impact of long-term exposure to SO2 on the health of humans and the environment.

Impact of rabbit haemorrhagic disease on introduced predators in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Holden ◽  
G. Mutze
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Flinders Ranges ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
The Impact

The impact of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) on the population dynamics and diet of foxes and feral cats was studied in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia. Populations of both foxes and cats decreased substantially some 6–10 months after the advent of RHD, when rabbit numbers were reduced by 85%. The diet of foxes changed as a result of reduced rabbit numbers, with much less rabbit and more invertebrates and carrion being eaten. The physical condition of foxes showed little change after RHD. The diet of cats did not change markedly, but their physical condition was substantially poorer than before RHD. Total predation on native fauna is considered to have decreased after RHD.

scholarly journals The impacts of an introduced mammalian predator (Mus musculus) on tree weta (Hemideina trewicki) and skinks (Oligosoma polychroma, Oligosoma infrapunctatum and Oligosoma lineoocellatum) in Cape Sanctuary, Hawkes Bay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Dent
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Mammalian Predator ◽  
Tree Weta ◽  
The Impact

<p>The introduction of exotic species, particularly predators, into new ecosystems is one of the biggest causes of loss of biodiversity across the globe. Understanding the impacts that introduced species have on native species is crucial in conservation management, particularly for those species that are conservation-reliant. I examined the impact that an introduced mammalian predator (Mus muscularus) had on native prey populations of common (Oligosoma polychroma), speckled (Oligosoma infrapunctatum) and spotted (Oligosoma lineoocellatum) skinks and Hawkes Bay tree weta (Hemideina trewicki). I conducted a mark-recapture study using pitfall traps to examine the impact of mice on skink populations. I conducted a mark-recapture study through manual counts to examine the impact of mice on tree weta. I also examined occupancy of weta refuges while in the presence of mice. There were no captures of spotted skinks, and very low captures of common skinks. There was no significant change in capture numbers for speckled skink, however observed numbers did decline from November 2013 to November 2014. There was a significant decline in capture rates for tree weta over the course of my study. It was difficult to establish mice as the sole cause of any observed changes, however it is likely that they are a limiting factor for skink and weta populations, and have the potential to be a major factor in the observed decline in the tree weta population. My results highlight the importance of monitoring native populations, particularly those that are small and are in the presence of introduced predators. By monitoring native populations conservation management can make better informed decisions to work towards populations not being ‘conservation-reliant’.</p>

scholarly journals The impacts of an introduced mammalian predator (Mus musculus) on tree weta (Hemideina trewicki) and skinks (Oligosoma polychroma, Oligosoma infrapunctatum and Oligosoma lineoocellatum) in Cape Sanctuary, Hawkes Bay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Dent
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Mammalian Predator ◽  
Tree Weta ◽  
The Impact

<p>The introduction of exotic species, particularly predators, into new ecosystems is one of the biggest causes of loss of biodiversity across the globe. Understanding the impacts that introduced species have on native species is crucial in conservation management, particularly for those species that are conservation-reliant. I examined the impact that an introduced mammalian predator (Mus muscularus) had on native prey populations of common (Oligosoma polychroma), speckled (Oligosoma infrapunctatum) and spotted (Oligosoma lineoocellatum) skinks and Hawkes Bay tree weta (Hemideina trewicki). I conducted a mark-recapture study using pitfall traps to examine the impact of mice on skink populations. I conducted a mark-recapture study through manual counts to examine the impact of mice on tree weta. I also examined occupancy of weta refuges while in the presence of mice. There were no captures of spotted skinks, and very low captures of common skinks. There was no significant change in capture numbers for speckled skink, however observed numbers did decline from November 2013 to November 2014. There was a significant decline in capture rates for tree weta over the course of my study. It was difficult to establish mice as the sole cause of any observed changes, however it is likely that they are a limiting factor for skink and weta populations, and have the potential to be a major factor in the observed decline in the tree weta population. My results highlight the importance of monitoring native populations, particularly those that are small and are in the presence of introduced predators. By monitoring native populations conservation management can make better informed decisions to work towards populations not being ‘conservation-reliant’.</p>

scholarly journals OMI Satellite Observations of decadal changes in Ground-Level Sulfur Dioxide over North America

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh K. Kharol ◽  
Chris A. McLinden ◽  
Christopher E. Sioris ◽  
Mark W. Shephard ◽  
Vitali Fioletov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
North America ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Ozone Monitoring Instrument ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) has a significant impact on the environment and human health. We estimated ground-level sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) using SO2 profiles from the Global Environmental Multi-scale – Modelling Air quality and CHemistry (GEM-MACH) model over North America for the period of 2005–2015. OMI-derived ground-level SO2 concentrations (r = 0.61) and trends (r = 0.74) correlated well with coincident in-situ measurements from air quality networks over North America. We found a strong decreasing trend in coincidently sampled ground-level SO2 from OMI (−81 ± 19 %) and in-situ measurements (−86 ± 13 %) over Eastern US for the period of 2005–2015, which reflects the implementation of stricter pollution control laws including flue-gas desulfurization (FGD) devices in power plants. The spatially and temporally contiguous OMI derived ground-level SO2 concentrations can be used to assess the impact of long-term exposure to SO2 on the health of humans and the environment.

scholarly journals Does the habitat structure control the distribution and diversity of the Odonatofauna?

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Souza ◽  
FNO Fogaça ◽  
AM Cunico ◽  
J Higuti
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Neotropical Streams ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Abiotic Variables ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe statement that the habitat complexity and structure govern the abundance and diversity of biological communities has been widely investigated. In this context, we assumed the hypothesis of habitat heterogeneity, that is, the higher habitat complexity leads to greater diversity of Odonata. In addition, we analyzed the influence of habitat structure on the distribution of this community, and evaluated the effects of abiotic variables. Odonata larvae were collected with sieves and by electrofishing in ten neotropical streams belonging to the Pirapó River basin. Forty species of Odonata were registered, which were distributed in eight families, Libellulidae stood out with the highest richness. The high gamma diversity and distribution of Odonata were associated with habitat heterogeneity in these streams. However, the abiotic variables also seem to affect the distribution of Odonata species, in view of the impact of the land use in the vicinity of streams.

Long-term population dynamics of the red deer and European roe deer at the protected and not-protected areas in Mountain Crimea

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
V. N. Shmagol' ◽  
V. L. Yarysh ◽  
S. P. Ivanov ◽  
V. I. Maltsev
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Impact

<p>The long-term population dynamics of the red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em> L.) and European roe deer (<em>Capreolus</em> <em>capreolus</em> L.) at the mountain and forest zone of Crimea during 1980-2017 is presented. Fluctuations in numbers of both species are cyclical and partly synchronous. Period of oscillations in the population of red deer is about 25 years, the average duration of the oscillation period of number of roe deer is 12.3 years. During the fluctuations in the number the increasing and fall in population number of the red deer had been as 26-47 %, and roe deer – as 22-34 %. Basing on the dada obtained we have assumed that together with large-scale cycles of fluctuations in population number of both red deer and roe deer the short cycles of fluctuations in the number of these species with period from 3.5 to 7.5 years take place. Significant differences of the parameters of cyclical fluctuations in the number of roe deer at some sites of the Mountainous Crimea: breaches of synchronicity, as well as significant differences in the duration of cycles are revealed. The greatest deviations from the average values of parameters of long-term dynamics of the number of roe deer in Crimea are noted for groups of this species at two protected areas. At the Crimean Nature Reserve the cycle time of fluctuations of the numbers of roe deer was 18 years. At the Karadag Nature Reserve since 1976 we can see an exponential growth in number of roe deer that is continued up to the present time. By 2016 the number of roe deer reached 750 individuals at a density of 437 animals per 1 thousand ha. Peculiarity of dynamics of number of roe deer at some sites proves the existence in the mountain forest of Crimea several relatively isolated groups of deer. We assumed that "island" location of the Crimean populations of red deer and European roe deer, their relatively little number and influence of permanent extreme factors of both natural and anthropogenic origination have contributed to a mechanism of survival of these populations. The elements of such a mechanism include the following features of long-term dynamics of the population: the reduction in the period of cyclic population fluctuations, while maintaining their amplitude and the appearance of additional small cycles, providing more flexible response of the population to the impact of both negative and positive environmental factors. From the totality of the weather conditions for the Crimean population of roe deer the recurring periods of increases and downs in the annual precipitation amount may have relevance. There was a trend of increase in the roe deer population during periods of increasing annual precipitation.</p>

In situ Quantification of the Impact of Episodic Enhanced Turbulent Events in Large Phytoplankton

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Percy L. Donaghay ◽  
Jan Rines ◽  
James Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
The Impact

Bayesian analysis reveals the impact of load partitioning on microstructural evolution in Ti-6Al-4V during in-situ tensile loading

Materialia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 100993
Author(s):  
N. Armstrong ◽  
P.A. Lynch ◽  
P. Cizek ◽  
S.R. Kada ◽  
S. Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The ground-level ozone concentration is inversely correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases in Warsaw, Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Wiśniewski ◽  
Wiesław Kozak ◽  
Maciej Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Ground Level Ozone ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCOVID-19, which is a consequence of infection with the novel viral agent SARS-CoV-2, first identified in China (Hubei Province), has been declared a pandemic by the WHO. As of September 10, 2020, over 70,000 cases and over 2000 deaths have been recorded in Poland. Of the many factors contributing to the level of transmission of the virus, the weather appears to be significant. In this work, we analyze the impact of weather factors such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and ground-level ozone concentration on the number of COVID-19 cases in Warsaw, Poland. The obtained results show an inverse correlation between ground-level ozone concentration and the daily number of COVID-19 cases.

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