Co-occurrence of two tadpole shrimp, Triops cf. australiensis (Branchiopoda:Notostraca), lineages in middle Paroo, north-western New South Wales, with the first record of Triops hermaphrodites for the Australian continent

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Murugan ◽  
Hortencia Obregón-Barboza ◽  
Alejandro M. Maeda-Martínez ◽  
Brian V. Timms
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
First Record ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
North Western

The only species of the genus Triops in Australia, T. australiensis, is found to reproduce by gonochorism. Morphological and reproductive data and molecular analyses of fragments of mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA (12S) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) indicate that a Triops population from the middle Paroo in north-western New South Wales is composed of two different entities, Triops cf. australiensis lineage A, and T. cf. australiensis lineage B. Gonad histology in individuals with ovisacs of lineage A revealed no evidence of testicular tissue; however, large testicular lobes were found in individuals with ovisacs of lineage B, indicating that they were anatomically hermaphrodites. This is the first record of Australian hermaphroditic Triops. For each lineage, a single haplotype of each gene was obtained. Molecular genetic distance and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the closer relationship and monophyly of the two lineages with T. australiensis (GenBank) when compared with Triops species from other continents. COI haplotypes of lineage A and lineage B differed by 7.7% from each other and differed by 10.2% and 9.6% from a published T. australiensis sequence, respectively. The 12S haplotypes of lineage A and lineage B differed by 3.3% from each other and differed by 2% and 2.5% from a published T. australiensis sequence, respectively. Our results suggest that the two co-occurring Triops lineages probably represent two species that are distinct from T. australiensis.

Soil and vegetation response to thinning White Cypress Pine (Callitris glaucophylla) on the North Western Slopes of New South Wales, Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 285 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. McHenry ◽  
B. R. Wilson ◽  
J. M. Lemon ◽  
D. E. Donnelly ◽  
I. G. Growns
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Vegetation Response ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Callitris Glaucophylla ◽  
North Western ◽  
Cypress Pine

Red kangaroo, Megaleia rufa (Desmarest), in north-western New South Wales. 2. Food

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
PT Bailey ◽  
PN Martensz ◽  
RD Barker
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Red Kangaroo ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North Western

Phlyctaena vagabunda Desm., Pezicula malicorticis (Jackson) Nannf., and other fungi associated with apple twigs

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
LJ Penrose
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
First Record ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Tree Pruning

The apple fruit rotting fungi Phlyctaena vagabunda, Pezicula malicorticis and Botrytis cinerea were isolated from apple tree pruning stubs or cankers. This report constitutes the first record of Pezicula malicorticis in New South Wales. It is suggested that pruning stubs provide the source of infection for fruit rots caused by these fungi.

Rhizobium as a factor in the re-establishment of legume-based pastures on clay soils of the wheat belt of north-western New South Wales

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Bowman ◽  
D. M. Hebb ◽  
D. J. Munnich ◽  
J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Annual Medics ◽  
North Western

Summary. Populations of Rhizobium meliloti in self-mulching clay soils (Vertisols) at 48 sites on 27 properties in north-western New South Wales were classified according to number and ability to fix nitrogen with several species of Medicago. Rhizobia were counted using serial dilution, nodulation frequency, plant infection tests. Abilities of the soil populations to fix nitrogen were determined in the laboratory with whole-soil inoculation of Medicago seedlings in test tubes with shoots exposed to the atmosphere and roots within the tubes under bacteriological control, and in the field using a technique based on the natural abundance of 15N in the soil. The majority of soils contained >1000 cells of R. meliloti per gram. The major component of those populations fixed nitrogen with lucerne (Medicago sativa) and some components of some soils also fixed nitrogen with M. polymorpha, M. scutellata, M. littoralis, M. tornata, M. laciniata and Trigonella suavissima. However, a number of soils were located which contained few if any rhizobia effective in nitrogen fixation with M. polymorpha. Overall, the effectiveness of nitrogen fixation of the naturally occurring populations of R. meliloti in association with M. polymorpha, M. scutellata, M. littoralis and M. tornata was only 46% of the effectiveness of standard strains. At one particular site, where 10 lines of annual Medicago spp. were growing experimentally, fixed nitrogen as a proportion of shoot nitrogen averaged only 28%. At that site, there were no effective rhizobia for M. scutellata and it was wholly dependent on the soil as the source of its nitrogen. The results are discussed in relation to the need for a substantial input of legume nitrogen for restoring the natural fertility of self-mulching clay soils in degraded wheat lands of north-western New South Wales. It is suggested that lucerne, or perhaps other perennial Medicago spp., might fill this role better than annual medics such as M. polymorpha and M. scutellata that are more dependent than lucerne on specific strains of R. meliloti to meet their requirements for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

Predation of Red Kangaroos, Macropus rufus, by the Dingo, Canis familiaris dingo (Blumenbach) in North-Western New South Wales

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
NC Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Pathological Finding ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Border Fence ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Difference ◽  
North Western

Over 7 weeks a group of five dingoes killed 83 red kangaroos within 150 m of a watering point in north-western New South Wales. All except three of these kangaroos were juveniles. Detailed autopsies were performed on 17 of the dead kangaroos: primary predation was the only significant gross pathological finding; the dingoes had eaten portions from about half the kangaroos killed. The daily rate of killing was estimated to be about 0.38 kg prey per kg predator. The rate of killing and the selection for juvenile kangaroos suggested that dingoes could have a direct effect on kangaroo densities by limiting rate of increase. The significance of this finding is discussed with reference to the difference in abundance of kangaroos between the New South Wales and Queensland sides of the border fence.

New Australian Thanocleridae, with notes on the biogeography of the subtribe Isoclerina Kolibác (Coleoptera : Cleroidea)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiýí Kolibác
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Ancestral Area ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
The Family

Four new species of the family Thanerocleridae are described from Australia (Queensland, New South Wales): Isoclerus (Isoclerus) rumcajs, I. (I.) manka, I. (I.) cipisek and I. (I.) gerstmeieri. These species are the first records of the family’s autochthonous members from the Australian continent. The subgenus Isoclerus (Lyctosoma) Lewis is synonymised with Isoclerus (Isoclerus) Lewis. Hypotheses concerning the biogeography of subtribe Isoclerina Kolibáÿč in which the newly described species belong, are proposed. The ancestral area of Isoclerina may be in Africa or somewhere in the region of Europe, Greenland and the eastern part of North America – in either case, in the Lower to Middle Cretaceous era. Also, pan-biogeographic hypotheses are formulated for the distribution patterns of species of the subgenus Isoclerus.

Patterns of waterbird use in wetlands of the Paroo, A river system of inland Australia.

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Maher ◽  
LW Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
River System ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Inland Wetlands ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Waterbird Species ◽  
North Western

The significance of inland wetlands to Australian waterbirds has been overlooked until recently. One important area identified from regular aerial survey centres on the Paroo River in north-western New South Wales. Between April 1983 and December 1985, a period covering a major flood, waterbird populations were estimated on five wetland systems associated with the Paroo during 14 trips. Fifty- three waterbird species were recorded with the anatids, Anas gibberifrons and Malacorhynchus membranaceus, accounting for 75 per cent of total estimated populations. Most breeding events were observed in those wetlands dominated by Muehlenbeckia florulenta (lignum). Breeding accounted for shifts in waterbird populations between wetland systems. A model of waterbird usage of the five wetland systems in relation to a complete flood event is described. The importance for waterbird conservation of wetlands used for breeding and maintenance of populations between flood events, and threats to the integrity of these wetlands are discussed.

First record of Sclerotinia laxa Aderh. Ruhl. in New South Wales: differentiation from S. fructicola (Wint.) Rehm. by cultural characteristics and electrophoresis

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Penrose ◽  
J Tarran ◽  
A-L Wong
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
First Record ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time

Sclerotinia laxa is recorded for the first time in New South Wales, at Orange. A survey indicates that the disease is confined to the Central Tableland. The disease was detected on Chaenomeles spp. (flowering quince), Prunus domestica (European plum), Prunus persica (nectarine) and several ornamental Prunus species (flowering cherries, apricot and peach). Cultural characteristics and acrylamidc-gel clectrophoresis were used to compare several of these isolates with isolates of S. fructicola from New South Wales and with S. laxa from Victoria. Isolates of S. laxa from South Australia and Tasmania were also studied in culture. The general colony lobing and the absence of hyphal anastomoses between germinating conidia can be used to identify S. laxa. Other cultural features found to be of little value for identification are discussed. The electrophoretic patterns for several enzymes clearly distinguished S. laxa from S. fructicola, and these representative reference patterns are useful for species identification.

Aerial baiting of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) for the control of exotic disease in the semi-arid rangelands of New South Wales

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. S. Fleming ◽  
David Choquenot ◽  
Richard J. Mason
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Effective Density ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Arid Rangelands ◽  
North Western

An experiment that held the density of feral pigs constant while varying the effective density of aerially distributed baits was conducted at three sites in north-western New South Wales. Meat baits, containing one of the biomarkers iophenoxic acid, tetracycline or rhodamine B, were distributed at different intensities over each site, and a sample of pigs was shot from a helicopter at each site to determine bait uptake. Serum and tissue samples taken from each pig were analysed for the occurrence of the biomarkers; the proportions of pigs exhibiting biomarkers represented the proportions of the feral pig populations that had consumed baits at different baiting intensities (expressed as baits per unit of pig density). The maximum percentage of sampled pigs that had eaten baits varied from 31% to 72% across the three sites. Bait uptake was regressed against baiting intensity. For two of the trials, the quantity of bait hypothetically required to eliminate a population of feral pigs was extrapolated to be 1577 baits per unit of pig density, while for the third trial 1874 baits per unit of pig density would have been required. Bait-uptake by non-target animals was substantial, posing potential hazards to birds and reducing the availability of baits to feral pigs. Most likely, seasonal conditions affected bait-uptake by feral pigs. We discuss the implications of these results for exotic disease contingency planning.

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