scholarly journals Genome analysis of the smallest free-living eukaryote Ostreococcus tauri unveils many unique features

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (31) ◽  
pp. 11647-11652 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Derelle ◽  
C. Ferraz ◽  
S. Rombauts ◽  
P. Rouze ◽  
A. Z. Worden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ostreococcus Tauri

scholarly journals Optimizing bioreactor growth of the smallest eukaryote

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuck R. Smallwood ◽  
Eric A. Hill ◽  
William Chrisler ◽  
Jory Brookreson ◽  
James E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
Ostreococcus Tauri ◽  
Phototrophic Growth ◽  
Doubling Times

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms are adept at circumventing nutrient deprivation. Microalgae in particular present novel adaptations to nutrient and light starvation since they can scavenge external and internal nutrient pools to redistribute energy resources for survival. In this report, a turbidostatic photobioreactor was used to characterize environmental conditions and nutrient requirements for cultures of the smallest free-living eukaryote Ostreococcus tauri. Optimized growth conditions were identified that enable 4-times faster phototrophic growth-rates while increasing total biomass 10-fold. By achieving phototrophic doubling times shorter than 6 hours, these results highlight the potential of this smallest eukaryote for future industrial bioproduct applications.

scholarly journals Global genome analysis of the shikimic acid pathway reveals greater gene loss in host-associated than in free-living bacteria

BMC Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurica Zucko ◽  
Walter C Dunlap ◽  
J Malcolm Shick ◽  
John Cullum ◽  
François Cercelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Gene Loss ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Shikimic Acid Pathway ◽  
Acid Pathway ◽  
Living Bacteria

scholarly journals Integrated systems biology and imaging of the smallest free-living eukaryote Ostreococcus tauri

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuck R. Smallwood ◽  
Jian-Hua Chen ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
William Chrisler ◽  
Samuel O. Purvine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Starch Granule ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Nitrogen Depletion ◽  
Free Living ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Ostreococcus Tauri ◽  
Significant Expression ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractOstreococcus tauri is an ancient phototrophic microalgae that possesses favorable genetic and cellular characteristics for reductionist studies probing biosystem design and dynamics. Here multimodal bioimaging and multi-omics techniques were combined to interrogate O. tauri cellular changes in response to variations in bioavailable nitrogen and carbon ratios. Confocal microscopy, stimulated Raman scattering, and cryo-soft x-ray tomography revealed whole cell ultrastructural dynamics and composition while proteomic and lipidomic profiling captured changes at the molecular and macromolecular scale.Despite several energy dense long-chain triacylglycerol lipids showing more than 40-fold higher abundance under N deprivation, only a few proteins directly associated with lipid biogenesis showed significant expression changes. However, the entire pathway for starch granule biosynthesis was highly upregulated suggesting much of the cellular energy is preferentially directed towards starch over lipid accumulation. Additionally, three of the five most downregulated and five of the ten most upregulated proteins during severe nitrogen depletion were unnamed protein products that warrant additional biochemical analysis and functional annotation to control carbon transformation dynamics in this smallest eukaryote.

scholarly journals Circadian protein regulation in the green lineage I. A phospho-dawn anticipates light onset before proteins peak in daytime

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeenat B. Noordally ◽  
Matthew M. Hindle ◽  
Sarah F. Martin ◽  
Daniel D. Seaton ◽  
T. Ian Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorylation Sites ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Light Onset ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Ostreococcus Tauri ◽  
Shotgun Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limited Change ◽  
Green Lineage

AbstractDaily light-dark cycles (LD) drive dynamic regulation of plant and algal transcriptomesviaphotoreceptor pathways and 24-hour, circadian rhythms. Diel regulation of protein levels and modifications has been less studied.Ostreococcus tauri, the smallest free-living eukaryote, provides a minimal model proteome for the green lineage. Here, we compare transcriptome data under LD to the algal proteome and phosphoproteome, assayed using shotgun mass-spectrometry. Under 10% of 855 quantified proteins were rhythmic but two-thirds of 860 phosphoproteins showed rhythmic modification(s). Most rhythmic proteins peaked in the daytime. Model simulations showed that light-stimulated protein synthesis largely accounts for this distribution of protein peaks. Prompted by apparently dark-stable proteins, we sampled during prolonged dark adaptation, where stable RNAs and very limited change to the proteome suggested a quiescent, cellular “dark state”. In LD, acid-directed and proline-directed protein phosphorylation sites were regulated in antiphase. Strikingly, 39% of rhythmic phospho-sites reached peak levels just before dawn. This anticipatory phosphorylation is distinct from light-responsive translation but consistent with plant phosphoprotein profiles, suggesting that a clock-regulated phospho-dawn prepares green cells for daytime functions.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

Lead and lead toxicity in domestic and free living birds

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. De Francisco ◽  
N. De Francisco ◽  
N. De Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Free Living

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document