scholarly journals Synchronous Reinitiation of Chromosome Replication in E. coli B/r after Nalidixic Acid Treatment

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Ward ◽  
M. W. Hane ◽  
D. A. Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Chromosome Replication ◽  
E Coli

scholarly journals Mechanistic insights into synergy between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Gaurav ◽  
Varsha Gupta ◽  
Sandeep K. Shrivastava ◽  
Ranjana Pathania
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has become a global health problem. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen due to its capacity to persist in the hospital environment. It has a high mortality rate and few treatment options. Antibiotic combinations can help to fight multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, but they are rarely used in the clinics and mostly unexplored. The interaction between bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotics are mostly reported as antagonism based on the results obtained in the susceptible model laboratory strain Escherichia coli. However, in the present study, we report a synergistic interaction between nalidixic acid and tetracycline against clinical multi-drug resistant A. baumannii and E. coli. Here we provide mechanistic insight into this dichotomy. The synergistic combination was studied by checkerboard assay and time-kill curve analysis. We also elucidate the mechanism behind this synergy using several techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, morphometric analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Nalidixic acid and tetracycline combination displayed synergy against most of the MDR clinical isolates of A. baumannii and E. coli but not against susceptible isolates. Finally, we demonstrate that this combination is also effective in vivo in an A. baumannii/Caenorhabditis elegans infection model (p < 0.001)

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Sources

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahriar ◽  
Mahboob Hossain ◽  
Shaila Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

A study of antimicrobial sensitivity of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from clinical sourcesof different diagnostic centers of Dhaka, Bangladesh was carried out to facilitate the choice of drugin the management of E. coli induced symptoms. Very low sensitivity of E. coli towards ampicillin(4%), aztreonam (4%), cloxacillin (5%), nalidixic acid (5%), ciprofloxacin (7.5%), ceftriaxone(12.5%), doxycycline (12.5%), ceftazidime (16.25%), co-trimoxazole (20%), chloramphenicol(22.51%), tetracycline (25%), and netilmicin (35%) was observed. Higher sensitivity pattern wasobserved for gentamicin (56%) and only imipenem (95%) showed sensitivity pattern possiblysusceptible enough to consider for the management of E. coli induced cases in the area under study.The low sensitivity to different antimicrobial could be attributed to their prevailing usage and abusein the area under study.Key words: E. coli; Antimicrobial sensitivity; Clinical isolatesDOI: 10.3329/jbas.v34i1.5497Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol.34, No.1, 99-101, 2010

A cold sensitive dnaA mutant of E. coli which overinitiates chromosome replication at low temperature

1978 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kellenberger-Gujer ◽  
A. J. Podhajska ◽  
L. Caro
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chromosome Replication ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dnaa Mutant ◽  
Cold Sensitive

Drug Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Chicken Carcasses

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA A. TESSI ◽  
MARIA S. SALSI ◽  
MARIA I. CAFFER ◽  
MARIA A. MOGUILEVSKY
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
R Plasmids ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
K 12 ◽  
R Factors

The antibiotic resistance profiles and transferable R factors of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates from 104 broiler carcasses taken from one processing plant were determined. Carcasses were sampled after immersion chilling. All samples were transported iced and immediately analyzed upon arrival to the laboratory. The resistance patterns of isolates to 12 antibiotics were determined (i.e., ampicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, trim-ethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, tetracycline, neomycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, colistin, and nitrofurantoin). Isolates resistant to one or more antibiotics were utilized as donors of resistance to completely antibiotic-sensitive strains, an E. coli K-12, F−, J5, azide-resistant strain and a Salmonella serovar Enteritidis. Transfer of the different R plasmids was confirmed by the determination of the resistance patterns of the transconjugants. Of the 93 Salmonella and 71 E. coli strains isolated from these samples, the largest numbers were resistant to tetracycline (52.7% and 49.3%), sulfisoxazole (45.2% and 42.3%), and streptomycin (37.6% and 39.4%). Large percentages of the Salmonella (33.3%) and the E. coli (30.0%) strains transferred all or part of their resistance to E. coli K-12 in mixed cultures. Great variation was observed between different strains in the frequency at which they transferred resistance. Resistance to tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, and streptomycin was found to be conferred by 31.7%, 29.8%, and 21.6% of the 19 R factors identified. No transfer of resistance to nalidixic acid, gentamicin, cephalothin, nitrofurantoin, and chloramphenicol was detected. When 30 antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains were cultured with a sensitive strain of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis,7 (23.3%) of the resistant strains were found capable of transferring R factors. Only 2 (6.7%) of the resistant strains could transfer R factors and unusual β-galactosidase activity.

Efficient production of gluten hydrolase Kuma030 in E. coli by hot acid treatment without chromatography

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 109356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houquan Liu ◽  
Xian Fan ◽  
Haoyue Song ◽  
Xiaoyun Hu ◽  
Guimin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
E Coli

Microbiological and Sensory Attributes of Retail Cuts of Beef Treated with Acetic and Lactic Acid Solutions

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN L. KOTULA ◽  
RAVINDRANATH THELAPPURATE
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbial Inhibition ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Retail Cuts

This research characterized the effect of 0.6 and 1.2% acetic and lactic acids applied for 20 and 120 s at a temperature of 1 to 2°C on total colony forming units (CFU) and Escherichia coli counts, and sensory qualities including shear value, expressible moisture, color and sensory panel of retail cuts of beef rib steaks. Microbial inhibition was directly proportional to the concentration and times of treatment with a 1.2% acid treatment for 120 s being the most effective treatment for reducing microbial counts, for both acids. Although there were significant reductions (p &lt;0.05) in bacterial populations, these reductions which had a maximum of 2.0 log, were of questionable practical significance. The inhibitory effect of the acids decreased with storage time, up to 9 days. Treatment with both the acids resulted in paler meat (p &lt;0.05) than the non-treated control. There were no significant differences (p &gt;0.05) in shear values or expressible moisture due to acid treatment. Sensory panels reported only small differences between the samples. These results indicate that an aqueous acetic or lactic acid treatment of retail beef reduced total CFU and E. coli numbers immediately after treatment, but the magnitude was less than 1 log. However, a residual influence was observed so that after 3 and 9 days both acid treatments inhibited total CPU and E. coli growth by up to 2 logs compared with the non-treated control samples.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli: a cross sectional and ecological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine A. Afema ◽  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
William M. Sischo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background This study is based on data collected to investigate the relation of peri-parturient events (colostrum quality, passive transfer of immunity, calving difficulty) on calf health and antimicrobial use. A component of the study was to provide feedback to farm management to identify calves at risk for disease and promote antimicrobial stewardship. At the start of the study (May 2016), a combination of enrofloxacin, penicillin, and sulfamethoxazole was the first treatment given to clinically abnormal calves. Based on feedback and interaction between study investigators, farm management and consulting veterinarians, a new policy was implemented to reduce antimicrobial use in calves. In August, the first treatment was changed to a combination of ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole. In September, the first treatment was reduced to only sulfamethoxazole. We investigated the effects of these policy changes in antimicrobial use on resistance in commensal Escherichia coli. Results We enrolled 4301 calves at birth and documented antimicrobial use until weaning. Most calves (99.4%) received antimicrobials and 70.4% received a total of 2–4 treatments. Antimicrobial use was more intense in younger calves (≤ 28 days) relative to older calves. We isolated 544 E. coli from fecal samples obtained from 132 calves. We determined resistance to 12 antimicrobials and 85% of the isolates were resistant to at least 3 antimicrobial classes. We performed latent class analysis to identify underlying unique classes where isolates shared resistance patterns and selected a solution with 4 classes. The least resistant class had isolates that were mainly resistant to only tetracycline and sulfisoxazole. The other 3 classes comprised isolates with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracycline, in addition to either ceftiofur; or nalidixic acid; or ciprofloxacin plus nalidixic acid and ceftiofur. Overall, E coli from younger calves and calves that received multiple treatments were more likely to have extensive resistance including resistance to fluoroquinolones and ceftiofur. In general, there was a declining trend in resistance to most antimicrobials during and after policy changes were implemented, except for ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftiofur and gentamicin. Conclusions Information feedback to farms can influence farm managers to reduce antimicrobial use and this can change endemic farm resistance patterns.

Characterization and antibiogram of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic dogs in South Bengal, India

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Banik ◽  
D. P. Isore ◽  
S. N. Joardar ◽  
K. Batabyal ◽  
S. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Sheep Blood Agar ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Common Serotypes

Diarrhoea in canines is mainly caused by Escherichia coli which can be fatal also. To understand the depth of this infection, a study was undertaken to detect E. coli isolates from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic dogs in Southern part of West Bengal. A total of 112 canine samples were tested during May to September 2012 revealing approx 63.4% (71) samples positive for Escherichia coli. The most common serotypes were O8 (23.9%) followed by O157 (19.7%), O101 (16.9%), O26 (15.5%), O153 (12.7%) and O6 (11.3%). Among these O6, O8, O26 and O157 were highly pathogenic to mice causing almost 100% mortality within 24hrs of inoculation and were also detected to be haemolytic on sheep blood agar plates except serotype O8. These isolates were mostly sensitive to nalidixic acid (80.29%), cotrimoxazole (78.88%), ciprofloxacin (74.65%), colistin and ceftriaxone (both 71.83%) but were resistant to amikacin (97.18%), kanamycin (95.78%), cephalexin (92.96%) and enrofloxacin (84.51%).

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