scholarly journals Cytolytic activity of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in germ-free mice is strain dependent and determined by T cells expressing gamma delta T-cell antigen receptors.

1993 ◽  
Vol 90 (18) ◽  
pp. 8591-8594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kawaguchi ◽  
M. Nanno ◽  
Y. Umesaki ◽  
S. Matsumoto ◽  
Y. Okada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytolytic Activity ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cell ◽  
Strain Dependent ◽  
Is Strain

scholarly journals T cells with gamma/delta T cell receptors (TCR) of intestinal type are preferentially expanded in TCR-alpha-deficient lpr mice.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
D P Hughes ◽  
A Hayday ◽  
J E Craft ◽  
M J Owen ◽  
I N Crispe
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Activation Induced Cell Death ◽  
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cell

Fas-mediated apoptosis is essential for activation-induced cell death of alpha/beta T cells, but it is not clear what role, if any, it plays in regulating other components of the immune system. To study the role of Fas in gamma/delta T cell development, Fas-deficient lpr mice were bred with T cell receptor alpha gene-ablated (TCR-alpha-/-) mice to generate mice deficient in one or both genes. The TCR-alpha-/-, lpr/lpr mice had a nearly 10-fold increase in total lymph node cell (LNC) number compared with Fas-intact TCR-alpha-/- mice, because of expansion of TCR-gamma/delta+ and TCR-beta+ cells. In Fas-intact TCR-alpha-/- mice, approximately one third of the LNCs expressed TCR-gamma/delta. These were evenly divided between the CD4-, CD8-alpha+ and the CD4-, CD8- subsets, and rarely expressed the B220 epitope of CD45. In contrast, in TCR-alpha-/-, lpr/lpr mice, TCR-gamma/delta+ cells comprised half of the LNCs and were primarily CD4-, CD8-, and B220+. Moreover, Fas deficiency in TCR-alpha-/- mice caused a preferential expansion of gamma/delta T cells expressing variable region genes characteristic of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. These results demonstrate a role for Fas in regulating the gamma/delta T cell contribution to peripheral lymph nodes. This mechanism may be most important in limiting the access of activated intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes to the peripheral lymphoid system.

scholarly journals Localization of gamma/delta T cells to the intestinal epithelium is independent of normal microbial colonization.

1990 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bandeira ◽  
T Mota-Santos ◽  
S Itohara ◽  
S Degermann ◽  
C Heusser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell Receptors ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Marked Influence ◽  
Germ Free ◽  
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Alpha Beta

Using monoclonal antibodies identifying all gamma/delta and alpha/beta T cell receptors in cytofluorometric analysis, we have compared the composition of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (i-IEL) in euthymic and athymic germ-free (GF) and conventional (SPF) mice. The results show a marked influence of microbial colonization in the numbers of single-positive (CD4+ or CD8+) alpha/beta i-IEL, but little effect in the pool size or characteristics of gamma/delta i-IEL. In young athymic mice, virtually no alpha/beta i-IEL are detected, while considerable numbers of gamma/delta i-IEL remain, though reduced in GF animals.

scholarly journals Evidence for clonal selection of gamma/delta T cells in response to a human pathogen.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Uyemura ◽  
R J Deans ◽  
H Band ◽  
J Ohmen ◽  
G Panchamoorthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Selection Of

T cells bearing gamma/delta antigen receptors comprise a resident population of intraepithelial lymphocytes in organs such as skin, gut, and lungs, where they are strategically located to contribute to the initial defense against infection. An important unsolved question about antigen-driven gamma/delta T cell responses regards the breadth of their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, since many specific epithelial compartments in mice display limited diversity. We have examined the diversity of TCR delta gene expression among human gamma/delta T cells from skin lesions induced by intradermal challenge with Mycobacterium leprae. We show that the vast majority of gamma/delta cells from M. leprae lesions use either V delta 1-J delta 1 or V delta 2-J delta 1 gene rearrangements and, within a given region of the lesion, display limited junctional diversity. This contrasts markedly with the extensive diversity of gamma/delta T cells from peripheral blood of these same individuals, as well as skin from normal donors. These results indicate that the gamma/delta response to M. leprae involves the selection of a limited number of clones from among a diverse repertoire, probably in response to specific mycobacterial and/or host antigens.

scholarly journals Immunoregulatory functions for murine intraepithelial lymphocytes: gamma/delta T cell receptor-positive (TCR+) T cells abrogate oral tolerance, while alpha/beta TCR+ T cells provide B cell help.

1992 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fujihashi ◽  
T Taguchi ◽  
W K Aicher ◽  
J R McGhee ◽  
J A Bluestone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Oral Tolerance ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cell

Past work has shown that a subset of effector T cells with unique characteristics could abrogate hapten- or antigen-induced tolerance, and the reconstitution of this immune response has been termed contrasuppression. We have studied contrasuppression in a model of oral tolerance (OT) in which adoptively transferred antigen-specific T contrasuppressor (Tcs) cells reverse OT and result in antibody responses to the eliciting antigen. In the present study, we show that murine intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) from mice orally immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) contain T cells that exhibit Tcs cell activity. This effect was mediated by CD3+ gamma/delta T cell receptor-positive (TCR+), but not alpha/beta TCR+ T cells, and gamma/delta TCR+ Tcs cells were associated with both the CD4-,CD8+ and CD4-,CD8- (double-negative) IEL fractions. The CD4-,CD8+ gamma/delta TCR+ IELs were further separated into Vicia villosa-adherent and -nonadherent fractions. Adoptive transfer of V. villosa-adherent gamma/delta TCR+ T cells to mice with OT to SRBC resulted in splenic IgA, IgM, and IgG subclass anti-SRBC responses, while V. villosa-nonadherent gamma/delta TCR+ T cells were without activity. The gamma/delta TCR+ IELs did not support in vitro antibody responses in B cell cultures, while alpha/beta TCR+ IELs were effective T helper cells. Further, cytokine production by the gamma/delta TCR+ IELs was examined, and the gamma/delta TCR+ V. villosa-adherent fraction, which possessed contrasuppressor function, contained low levels of IL-5 mRNA and small numbers of IL-5-producing cells when compared with alpha/beta TCR+ IELs and V. villosa-nonadherent gamma/delta TCR+ IELs. Our results now show that mouse IELs contain two distinct types of T cells that function in the immune response, e.g., alpha/beta TCR+ T cells that produce IL-5 and function as helper cells, and gamma/delta TCR+ T cells that restore antibody responses in mice that had been orally tolerized with antigen.

scholarly journals Structure and specificity of T cell receptor gamma/delta on major histocompatibility complex antigen-specific CD3+, CD4-, CD8- T lymphocytes.

1988 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 1899-1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Bluestone ◽  
R Q Cron ◽  
M Cotterman ◽  
B A Houlden ◽  
L A Matis
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Human T Cells ◽  
T Cell Lines ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cell ◽  
Delta Cells

Analyses of TCR-bearing murine and human T cells have defined a unique subpopulation of T cells that express the TCR-gamma/delta proteins. The specificity of TCR-gamma/delta T cells and their role in the immune response have not yet been elucidated. Here we examine alloreactive TCR-gamma/delta T cell lines and clones that recognize MHC-encoded antigens. A BALB/c nu/nu (H-2d)-derived H-2k specific T cell line and derived clones were both cytolytic and released lymphokines after recognition of a non-classical H-2 antigen encoded in the TL region of the MHC. These cells expressed the V gamma 2/C gamma 1 protein in association with a TCR-delta gene product encoded by a Va gene segment rearranged to two D delta and one J delta variable elements. A second MHC-specific B10 nu/nu (H-2b) TCR-gamma/delta T cell line appeared to recognize a classical H-2D-encoded MHC molecule and expressed a distinct V gamma/C gamma 4-encoded protein. These data suggest that many TCR-gamma/delta-expressing T cells may recognize MHC-linked antigens encoded within distinct subregions of the MHC. The role of MHC-specific TCR-gamma/delta cells in immune responses and their immunological significance are discussed.

scholarly journals Thymic origin of embryonic intestinal gamma/delta T cells.

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dunon ◽  
M D Cooper ◽  
B A Imhof
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Gamma Delta ◽  
Embryo Cells

Current evidence suggests both thymic and extrathymic origins for T cells. Studies in mice favor an in situ origin for a prominent population of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes that express gamma/delta T cell receptor (TCR). This developmental issue is explored in an avian model in which the gamma/delta lymphocytes constitute a major T cell subpopulation that is accessible for study during the earliest stages of lymphocyte development. In the chick embryo, cells bearing the gamma/delta TCR appear first in the thymus where they reach peak levels on days 14-15 of embryogenesis, just 2 d before gamma/delta T cells appear in the intestine. Using two congenic chick strains, one of which expresses the ov antigen, we studied the origin and kinetics of intestinal colonization by gamma/delta T cells. The embryonic gamma/delta+ thymocytes homed to the intestine where they survived for months, whereas an embryonic gamma/delta- thymocyte population enriched in thymocyte precursors failed to give rise to intestinal gamma/delta+ T cells. Embryonic hemopoietic tissues, bone marrow, and spleen, were also ineffective sources for intestinal gamma/delta+ T cells. Intestinal colonization by gamma/delta+ thymocytes occurred in two discrete waves in embryos and newly hatched birds. The data indicate that intestinal gamma/delta T cells in the chicken are primarily thymic migrants that are relatively long-lived.

Surface expression of two distinct functional antigen receptors on human gamma delta T cells

Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 260 (5115) ◽  
pp. 1800-1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Davodeau ◽  
M. Peyrat ◽  
I Houde ◽  
M. Hallet ◽  
G De Libero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Gamma Delta T Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Gamma Delta

Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, a distinct population of activated T cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Sarnacki ◽  
Bernadette Bègue ◽  
Anne Jarry ◽  
Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Distinct Population ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes

Compartmentalisation between Gut and Lung Mucosae in a Model of Secondary Immunodeficiency: Effect of Thymomodulin

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Roux ◽  
M.G. Marquez ◽  
S. Olmos ◽  
C.A. Frecha ◽  
A. Florin-Christensen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes

Compartmentalisation of mucosal immune response seems to be the result mainly of the preferential migration of activated cells back to their inductive sites. The aim of this report was to demonstrate, in a model of secondary immunodeficiency in Wistar rats (severely protein deprived at weaning and refed with casein 20 %; group R21), that the oral administration of Thymomodulin (group: R21TmB) has different effects on gut and BALT (Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue). Tissue sections (5μ) were studied by immunohistochemistry 1). The oral administration of Thymomodulin restores only in gut Lamina propria (LP) the IgA B and CD4 T cell populations to control levels. The CD8a and CD25 subpopulations do not vary in gut as they return to control levels when refed with 20% casein diet. All the populations mentioned above remained decreased even after receiving Thymomodulin by the oral route. However, the same behaviour was observed for the TCRδ T cells that were decreased and return to normal levels in both mucosae by the effect of the immunomodulator; 2) when studying the iIEL (intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes) CD8α, CD25 and TCRγδ T cells, that were increased in R21, return to control levels in R21TmB. In BALT intraepithelium CD8α and CD25 T cells remained decreased, while only TCRγδ T cells (increased in R21) return to control values. Conclusions: 1) there exists a compartmentalisation between both mucosae, as T CD4+ and IgA B+ cells are restored by TmB only in gut; 2) only those iIEL involved in inflammation (CD8α+/CD25+ and TCRγδ+/CD25+) are normalised by means of the Thymomodulin 3) however, in BALT, only TCRγδ+ T cells are restored 4) the oral administration of the present immunomodulator may be useful as a therapeutic agent, although the preferential survival in the tissue of initial stimulation is the major factor in the preferential distribution of activated cells.

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