Does stress matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Tsiamas ◽  
Gonia Jarema ◽  
Eva Kehayia
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract This study investigates the effect of stress change during compound processing in Modern Greek. Twenty-five native speakers were tested in a cross-modal lexical decision task and a naming task in order to test for performance differences across stress-change vs. non-stress-change compounds. No statistically significant difference was found for the lexical decision task. However, the naming task showed a significant effect of stress change in compound processing, with the production of non-stress-change compounds showing facilitation. These results indicate that stress change is reflected in compound processing in Greek and underscore the importance of considering the interplay between specific tasks and the computational role of linguistic features.

Phonological priming and the role of phonology in nonnative word recognition

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIRA GOR
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Nonnative Speakers ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Phonological Priming ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Minimal Pairs

Research on nonnative auditory word recognition makes use of a lexical decision task with phonological priming to explore the role of phonological form in nonnative lexical access. In a medium-lag lexical decision task with phonological priming, nonnative speakers treat minimal pairs of words differentiated by a difficult phonological contrast as a repetition of the same word. While native speakers show facilitation in medium-lag priming only for identical word pairs, nonnative speakers also show facilitation for minimal pairs. In short-lag phonological priming, when the prime and the target have phonologically overlapping onsets, nonnative speakers show facilitation, while native speakers show inhibition. This review discusses two possible reasons for facilitation in nonnative phonological priming: reduced sensitivity to nonnative phonological contrasts, and reduced lexical competition of nonnative words with underdifferentiated, or fuzzy phonolexical representations. Nonnative words may be processed sublexically, which leads to sublexical facilitation instead of the inhibition resulting from lexical competition.

Lexical decision task for taxonomic and thematic categorization in typically developing Kannada-English-speaking bilingual children

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Nanjappa ◽  
Sandra Sebastian ◽  
M.S. Deepa
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Taxonomic Relation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Children ◽  
English Speaking

AbstractThe present study investigated the association between the taxonomic, thematic and combined (taxonomic-thematic) conditions during the lexical decision task in Kannada-English speaking bilingual children. Further, the study explored the nature of categorization skills in typically developing Kannada-English speaking bilingual children with respect to the taxonomy and thematic aspects across gender.Considered for the study were 20 preschool children including ten boys and ten girls in the age range of 4–5 years. A total of 50 pictures, including ten target, ten taxonomically related, ten thematically related and 20 distracters were taken from an internet source. Three tasks were introduced to examine the association of the pictures based on taxonomic, thematic and combined conditions. For the first and second task (considered as Experiment I), the children were expected to relate pictures based on taxonomic relationship followed by thematic relationship in the second task. For the final task (Experiment II), both relationships (taxonomic and thematic) were given for each target picture, and the children were expected to relate it with either one of them. Responses were scored and statistically analyzed.There was a significant difference in the performances between male and female children for the taxonomic condition but not for the other two tasks (i.e. thematic and combined conditions). The comparison across three conditions revealed that the performance of those children varied between the conditions. Further, on pair-wise comparison, there was a significant difference for both combined-thematic and combined-taxonomic conditions but not for taxonomic and thematic conditions.The study supports the phenomenon of “thematic to taxonomic shift”, which is found to be emerging in pre-school children. This occurs differently among male and female children. The preferences of thematic relation as opposed to taxonomic relation is highlighted in the present study.

Stress properties of Greek compounds: Psycholinguistic considerations

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Athanasios Tsiamas ◽  
Gonia Jarema ◽  
Eva Kehayia ◽  
Gevorg Chilingaryan
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Auditory Lexical Decision

AbstractTheoretical accounts of Greek compounds argue for a close relation between their stress properties and their underlying structure. Compounds that preserve and receive stress at the same position as their second constituent are analyzed as stem-word constructions, while those that receive antepenultimate stress are viewed as belonging to the stem-stem category. Using an auditory lexical decision task, we examine the effect of stress change on the processing of compounds in the light of existing theoretical linguistic accounts. Although our experimental results do not reach statistical significance, we believe that they are informative of the cognitive status and role of stress in compound processing. Finally, they relate to existing theories of compounding in Greek and reflect the complex interaction of the psycholinguistic effects of stress and the structural properties of these constructions.

Stimulus Repetition Produces Automatic Facilitation in a Naming Task

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Algarabel ◽  
Carmen Dasí
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Stimulus Repetition ◽  
Prime Target

Repeated prime-target pairs in a lexical decision task showed improvement across 4 stimulus onset asynchronies for a single subject.

scholarly journals If I Cry, Do You Care?

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Lockwood ◽  
Abigail Millings ◽  
Erica Hepper ◽  
Angela C. Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Semantic Activation ◽  
Emotional Empathy

Crying is a powerful solicitation of caregiving, yet little is known about the cognitive processes underpinning caring responses to crying others. This study examined (1) whether crying (compared to sad and happy) faces differentially elicited semantic activation of caregiving, and (2) whether individual differences in cognitive and emotional empathy moderated this activation. Ninety participants completed a lexical decision task in which caregiving, neutral, and nonwords were presented after subliminal exposure (24 ms) to crying, sad, and happy faces. Individuals low in cognitive empathy had slower reaction times to caregiving (vs. neutral) words after exposure to crying faces, but not after sad or happy faces. Results are discussed with respect to the role of empathy in response to crying others.

The Impact of Reader Skill on Phonological processing in visual Word Recognition

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara J. Unsworth ◽  
Penny M. Pexman
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Skilled Readers ◽  
Phonological Activation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

There has been much debate about the role of phonology in reading. This debate has been fuelled, in part, by mixed findings for phonological effects in lexical decision tasks. In the present research we investigated the impact of reader skill on three phonological effects (homophone, homograph, and regularity effects) in a lexical decision task and in a phonological lexical decision task. In both tasks, the more skilled readers showed different patterns of phonological effects from those of the less skilled readers; in particular, less skilled readers showed regularity effects in both tasks whereas more skilled readers did not. We concluded that more skilled readers activate phonology in these tasks but do so more efficiently, with less spurious phonological activation.

'Wisdom'? ik Zeg 'Old', Jij Zegt 'Tooth'

2010 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Bregtje Seton
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Associative Strength ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Associative Priming ◽  
Word Associations ◽  
Conceptual Representations ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Backward Associative Strength

Since concepts can be regarded as associative links to lexical items, conceptual representations can be measured verbally by looking at word associations. Word associations from native speakers of Dutch and from native speakers of English were used to form two priming conditions for an associative-priming study with a lexical-decision task. Participants were a low-proficiency group of Dutch students of English, a high-proficiency group of Dutch students of English and a group of native speakers of English. Results showed variation between different (groups of) items, suggesting that highly proficient students of English perform native-like on items which have different connotations in Dutch and English, and that native speakers of English show inhibitory responses on items with backward associative strength, whereas both Dutch groups did not show this inhibition.

scholarly journals Morphological facilitation for regular and irregular verb formations in native and non-native speakers: Little evidence for two distinct mechanisms

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURIE BETH FELDMAN ◽  
ALEKSANDAR KOSTIĆ ◽  
DANA M. BASNIGHT-BROWN ◽  
DUŠICA FILIPOVIĆ ĐURĐEVIĆ ◽  
MATTHEW JOHN PASTIZZO
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Prime Type ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
And Task

The authors compared performance on two variants of the primed lexical decision task to investigate morphological processing in native and non-native speakers of English. They examined patterns of facilitation on present tense targets. Primes were regular (billed–bill) past tense formations and two types of irregular past tense forms that varied on preservation of target length (fell–fall; taught–teach). When a forward mask preceded the prime (Exp. 1), language and prime type interacted. Native speakers showed reliable regular and irregular length preserved facilitation relative to orthographic controls. Non-native speakers' latencies after morphological and orthographic primes did not differ reliably except for regulars. Under cross-modal conditions (Exp. 2), language and prime type interacted. Native but not non-native speakers showed inhibition following orthographically similar primes. Collectively, reliable facilitation for regulars and patterns across verb type and task provided little support for a processing dichotomy (decomposition, non-combinatorial association) based on inflectional regularity in either native or non-native speakers of English.

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