Reverberations of the Armenian Genocide

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Azarian-Ceccato
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Armenian Genocide ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Central California ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diasporic Community ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Point Of Departure

Narrative research has not traditionally examined the intergenerational transmission and reverberation of narratives within ethnic communities, and yet it is through the chain of generations that voices of the past reverberate and testimonies endure which fuel and form present day notions of the past. This article is a call for and an example of the importance ethnographic investigation into communities of memories, for it is through community storytelling that records are set straight as a memorial for victims and survivors. This line of inquiry is pertinent to various communities throughout the world, as we come to see the role of language, and in particular, narrative in the formation of ideas and conflicts, as scholars such as Slyomovics, (1998) have pointed out. This research takes as its point of departure narrative renditions of the Armenian genocide recounted in both public and private venues by the great-grandchildren of genocide survivors in an ethnic enclave in Central California. In this diasporic community we see how communities of memory are formed in a space of mediation which links the new generation with the old, the present with its past as well as with its imagined communities (Anderson, 1983). Through examination of the linguistic reverberations of this historical and familial narrative, I ask what becomes of authorship when collected stories are salient enough to be included in one’s own personal history, and how these narrativizations contribute to one’s sense of self? These questions are answered both by linguistic analysis of pronouns and deixis, as well as through analysis of prevalent themes. The results of this research lend into the historical progression of memory through time by those who did not experience the trauma, but rather were witnesses by listening to the trauma of others.

Quantifying sources and sinks of trace gases using space-borne measurements: current and future science

2008 ◽  
Vol 366 (1885) ◽  
pp. 4509-4528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul I Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Trace Gases ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Satellite Measurements ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
New Generation

We have been observing the Earth's upper atmosphere from space for several decades, but only over the past decade has the necessary technology begun to match our desire to observe surface air pollutants and climate-relevant trace gases in the lower troposphere, where we live and breathe. A new generation of Earth-observing satellites, capable of probing the lower troposphere, are already orbiting hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface with several more ready for launch or in the planning stages. Consequently, this is one of the most exciting times for the Earth system scientists who study the countless current-day physical, chemical and biological interactions between the Earth's land, ocean and atmosphere. First, I briefly review the theory behind measuring the atmosphere from space, and how these data can be used to infer surface sources and sinks of trace gases. I then present some of the science highlights associated with these data and how they can be used to improve fundamental understanding of the Earth's climate system. I conclude the paper by discussing the future role of satellite measurements of tropospheric trace gases in mitigating surface air pollution and carbon trading.

Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Close Relationship

This volume approaches three key concepts in Roman history — gender, memory and identity — and demonstrates the significance of their interaction in all social levels and during all periods of Imperial Rome. When societies, as well as individuals, form their identities, remembrance and references to the past play a significant role. The aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World is to cast light on the constructing and the maintaining of both public and private identities in the Roman Empire through memory, and to highlight, in particular, the role of gender in that process. While approaching this subject, the contributors to this volume scrutinise both the literature and material sources, pointing out how widespread the close relationship between gender, memory and identity was. A major aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World as a whole is to point out the significance of the interaction between these three concepts in both the upper and lower levels of Roman society, and how it remained an important question through the period from Augustus right into Late Antiquity.

“I Know I Can’t Change the Future, But I Can Change the Past”: Toni Morrison, Robin Coste Lewis, and the Classical Tradition

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Grace McGowan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Toni Morrison ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Black Female ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Generation

Abstract “A central figure in transnational intellectual history” (Roynon, 2013), Toni Morrison’s oeuvre has helped deconstruct the triangulated relationship between a European Graeco-Roman classical tradition, Africa, and America. Morrison’s deconstruction of the classical past and its aesthetics have laid the foundation for the reconstructive work of a new generation of writers, including Robin Coste Lewis. Both writers renegotiate and reclaim a classical aesthetic by recovering its African roots and situating it in an African American context. In addition, the article (1) examines the role of a classical aesthetic in beauty discourse and Robin Coste Lewis’s re-vision of the black female body and (2) addresses what this means for canonicity, linking Lewis’s ambivalence about reclaiming a classical aesthetic to Morrison’s ambivalence in “Unspeakable Things Unspoken” (1987).

scholarly journals Parallelotopia: Ottoman transcultural memory assemblages in contemporary art practices from the Middle East

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-513
Author(s):  
Gabriel Koureas
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
Etel Adnan ◽  
Dynamic Exchange

This article engages with the conversations taking place in the photographic space between then and now, memory and photography, and with the symbiosis and ethnic violence between different ethnic communities in the ex-Ottoman Empire. It questions the role of photography and contemporary art in creating possibilities for coexistence within the mosaic formed by the various groups that made up the Ottoman Empire. The essay aims to create parallelotopia, spaces in the present that work in parallel with the past and which enable the dynamic exchange of transcultural memories. Drawing on memory theory, the article shifts these debates forward by adopting the concept of ‘assemblage’. The article concentrates on the aesthetics of photographs produced by Armenian photographic studios in Istanbul during the late nineteenth century and their relationship to the present through the work of contemporary artists Klitsa Antoniou, Joanna Hadjithomas, Khalil Joreige and Etel Adnan as well as photographic exhibitions organised by the Centre for Asia Minor Studies, Athens, Greece.

Arthroscopy in rheumatology: where have we been? Where might we go?

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W Ike ◽  
William J Arnold ◽  
Kenneth C Kalunian
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Arthroscopic Debridement ◽  
Office Setting ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Excellent Tool

Abstract The aim of our manuscript is to illustrate the past, present and future role of rheumatologists performing arthroscopy. Doctors first began adapting endoscopes to inspect joints to assess synovial conditions that concern rheumatologists. Rheumatologists were among the pioneers developing arthroscopy. Students of the father of modern arthroscopy, Watanabe, included rheumatologists, who taught others once home. Rheumatologists assessed the intra-articular features of their common diseases in the 60s and 70s. Improvements in instrumentation and efforts by a few orthopaedists adapted a number of common joint surgical procedures for arthroscopy. Interest from rheumatologists in arthroscopy grew in the 90s with ‘needle scopes’ used in an office setting. Rheumatologists conducting the first prospective questioning arthroscopic debridement in OA and developing biological compounds reduced the call for arthroscopic interventions. The arthroscope has proven an excellent tool for viewing and sampling synovium, which continues to at several international centres. Some OA features—such as calcinosis—beg further arthroscopic investigation. A new generation of ‘needle scopes’ with far superior optics awaits future investigators.

THE DIASPORA AT HOME: INDIAN VIEWS AND THE MAKING OF ZULEIKHA MAYAT'S PUBLIC VOICE

Africa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thembisa Waetjen ◽  
Goolam Vahed
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Print Culture ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Family Enterprises ◽  
The Family ◽  
Diasporic Community ◽  
Narrative Account

ABSTRACTThis article examines how the Gujarati-speaking Muslim trading class in South(ern) Africa was linked as a reading public through a newspaper, Indian Views, which had been founded in early twentieth-century Durban in opposition to Mahatma Gandhi's Indian Opinion. Under the editorship of Moosa Meer (1929–63) it was a conduit for sustaining existing social networks as well as offering common narratives that galvanized an idea of community embracing its geographically disparate readership. Between 1956 and 1963, Zuleikha Mayat, a self-described housewife born in Potchefstroom but married to a medical doctor in Durban whom she ‘met’ through the newspaper, wrote a weekly column that represented one of the first instances of a South African Muslim woman offering her ideas in print. She spoke across gender divides and articulated a moral social vision that accounted for both local and diasporic concerns. This article provides a narrative account of how Mayat came to write for Indian Views, a story that underscores the personal linkages within this diasporic community and, more broadly, how literacy and the family enterprises that constituted local print capitalism provided a material means of sustaining existing networks of village and family. It also reveals the role of newspaper as an interface between public and private spaces in helping to create a community of linguistically related readers who imagined themselves as part of a larger print culture.

National Movements with and without Religion: The Nation and Religion in a Historical Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 000842982097897
Author(s):  
Miroslav Hroch
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Nation Formation ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Nation States ◽  
National Movements ◽  
Religious Teaching ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Point Of Departure

In order to understand the role of religion in the formation of European nations, we need to differentiate the terms we are using when we analyse their relationship. In the case of nation formation, my point of departure is to distinguish two basic types of process: the case of nation-states, i. e. nations with “their own” state and high culture since the Middle Ages, and the case of “smaller nations”, which emerged through national movements, where the ethnic communities tried to achieve all attributes of a fully formed nation. My reflections focus on the second type of nation formation. Speaking about the “religion”, we have to distinguish the role of the Church as an institution, the participation (or not participation) of the clergy, the degree of integration of the religious teaching into the national programme, and finally the presence of religious arguments in the everyday national thought of small nations. There existed no general model of interaction of these four factors in the study of smaller nations.

The politics of self-reflexivity in ethnography

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
Sahika Erkonan
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Armenian Genocide ◽  
Political Subjectivity ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Commentary

This short commentary aims to describe the role of political subjectivity and the researcher’s memory in fieldwork by focusing on a self-reflective account of my ethnographic fieldwork. This reflection comes after two years of ethnographic inquiry into sensory experience and observation of how memory is performed in relation to personal photographs and objects. It is part of an ongoing Ph.D. thesis about the post-memories of Armenian Genocide descendants in the diaspora, where I seek to understand how they remember the past in the present by observing their sensory engagement with the past. As well as this, the fieldwork shows the necessity of auto-ethnographic inquiry of the researcher, given that I am Turkish. This commentary ultimately asks what the role is of political subjectivity in ethnographic fieldwork, thinking especially of visual mediation in the diaspora.

The Contribution of National Laboratories to the European Scientific Labour Market

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lawton Smith
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Resource Needs ◽  
Science Base ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Political Decisions

This article deals with the ways in which differing government policies in relation to national laboratories affect training, employment and culture within the research establishment and consequently the preparedness of respective countries to deal with future skills needs in private and public sector science. Helen Lawton Smith bases her discussion around a study which tested the hypothesis that political decisions in the UK over the past few years regarding the role of national laboratories have inhibited the country's capacity to meet the labour resource needs of the science base. The study included an empirical investigation of nine national laboratories in Belgium, France and the UK. In light of the findings from this comparative analysis, she suggests that moves towards the commercialization of UK national laboratories have had a number of adverse effects on the potential supply of skills to both public and private sectors.

The Role of Professionals in Policy Reform: Cases from the City Level, São Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Dowbor ◽  
Peter P. Houtzager
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Family Health Program ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The City

Abstract A new generation of social policies in Brazil and elsewhere in Latin America are being read by scholars as first and foremost the result of top-down initiatives by state elites and technocrats. This article explores what role, if any, middle-class professionals have played and how this role might be framed in analytical terms. The article examines the trajectory of two of the most important new social programs that target the poor in the city of São Paulo, Brazil: the family health program PSF and Renda Mínima. It compares the city-level reform dynamics that have shaped the trajectory of the programs over 18 years. It finds that networks of reformist middle-class professionals that traverse public and private institutions played a substantial role in the creation and evolution of the new programs.

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