scholarly journals “Are you saying …?”

Pragmatics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foluke Olayinka Unuabonah
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Speech Event ◽  
Public Hearings

This study explores metapragmatic comments in Nigerian quasi-judicial public hearings, involving interactions between complainants, defendants and a hearing panel, with a view to investigating their forms, features, distribution and functions. The data are analysed quantitatively and qualitatively from a discourse-pragmatic framework that incorporates Verschueren’s theory of metapragmatics, Mey’s pragmatic act theory, Grice’s Cooperative Principle and conversation analysis. Four types of metapragmatic comments are used: speech act descriptions, talk regulation comments, maxim adherence/violation related comments and metalinguistic comments. Their distribution and functioning are shown to be partly predictable from properties of the speech event, while they also co-determine the nature and development of the analysed hearings.

Intonazione e significato: l’esempio dell’italiano regionale di Bergamo

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
Giorgio Antonioli ◽  
Manuela Caterina Moroni
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Form Function ◽  
Distinctive Type ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In this paper we present a selection of preliminary results of our research project “Intonation and Meaning”, in which we compare recurrent intonation contours in German and Italian regional varieties. We apply the method of German Interactional Prosody Research (Interaktionale Prosodieforschung), which in turn is based on Conversation Analysis, to a sample of selfcollected empirical data. Our aim is to show the value of intonation as a resource to contextualize speech activities and to point out form-function relationships between intonation patterns and speech act types. In this respect, we observe the usage of intonation contours with rising accent (L*H) and with falling accent (H*L) in the utterance of question activities, and provide evidence for the fact that the latter represent a distinctive type of questions with epistemic presupposition, whereas L*H correlates rather with default, modally unmarked questions.

scholarly journals TINDAK TUTUR DALAM PROSES JUAL BELI DI PASAR TRADISIONAL SURAKARTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ririn Linda Tunggal Sari ◽  
Sumarlam Sumarlam ◽  
Dwi Purnanto
Keyword(s):  
Formal Methods ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Recording Technique ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Purchase Process

<p>The objectives of this research are: to describe the forms of speech acts and to show the most dominant speech act and the reasons of its use; and to describe and define the politeness principle found in the the goods sale and purchase process at traditional markets in Surakarta.</p><p>This research used the descriptive qualitive method with the pragmatics approach. Its sources were conversations or dialogues. The data of the research were utterances and their contexts which contain speech acts and which apply the cooperative principle in the goods sale and purchase process at traditional markets in Surakarta, namely: <em>Pasar Gedhe</em> market, <em>Pasar Klewer</em> market, <em>Pasar Ledoksari</em> market, <em>Pasar Nusukan </em>market, and <em>Pasar Mojosongo</em> market. The collection of the data used the listening method. The data were collected through tapping, uninvolved conversation observation, recording technique, and note-taking techniques. They were analyzed by using the means-end techique. The result of the analysis was presented with informal and formal methods.</p><p>There are five types of speech act employed by the sellers and the buyers to express their intentions, namely: utterances, (b) verdictive utterances, (c) directive utterances, (d) commissive utterances, and phatic utterances<em>.</em> The most dominant speech act used in the goods sale and purchase process at traditional markets in Surakarta is commisive utterances as indicated by 88 data. In relation to the cooperative principle, in the goods sale and purchase process at traditional markets in Surakarta some speech acts adhere to the cooperative principle, but some violate it. The adherence to and violence of the cooperative principle are balanced in term of frequency i.e. 95 data for each. The latter is due to the intentions of the sellers and the buyers to show their politeness.</p><p>There are applications of the speech act theory, the cooperative principle, and the politeness in the dialogues between the sellers and the buyers in the the goods sale and purchase process at traditional markets in Surakarta</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:    </strong>Speech act, cooperative principle, sale and purchase process, pragmatics</p>

scholarly journals Speech Acts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
Recursive Structures ◽  
Core Language ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
Essential Insight

The essential insight of speech act theory was that when we use language, we perform actions—in a more modern parlance, core language use in interaction is a form of joint action. Over the last thirty years, speech acts have been relatively neglected in linguistic pragmatics, although important work has been done especially in conversation analysis. Here we review the core issues—the identifying characteristics, the degree of universality, the problem of multiple functions, and the puzzle of speech act recognition. Special attention is drawn to the role of conversation structure, probabilistic linguistic cues, and plan or sequence inference in speech act recognition, and to the centrality of deep recursive structures in sequences of speech acts in conversation.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Politeness Markers in Request in Classroom Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233
Author(s):  
Hieronimus Canggung Darong ◽  
A. Effendi Kadarisman ◽  
Yazid Basthomi
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Classroom Interactions ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Illocutionary Act

This study is an attempt to examine politeness markers employed by Indonesian English teachers in classroom interactions. Purposefully chosen English teachers were observed, audio-recorded, and analyzed by using the politeness principle and Gricean cooperative principle. The conversation analysis revealed that to mitigate the illocutionary act of request, aside from using internal modifiers at most (consultative device, politeness markers, hesitators, hedges, play-downs, committers, down-toners, understaters), the teachers also used external devices as an adjunct to the head acts (grounder, sweetener, and disarmer). Besides, teachers intentionally violated the maxim for the sake of extending the talk. Further research needs to include more participants and instruments in a wider area of analysis.  

scholarly journals Speech Act Taking Place in the Medical Conversation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p29
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Agung Dian Susanthi ◽  
Ketut Artawa ◽  
Ida Bagus Putra Yadnya ◽  
Made Sri Satyawati
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
Cooperative Principle ◽  
Illocutionary Act ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Context Of Situation

This study aims at analyzing the maxims in the five categories of speech act on medical conversation of textbook entitled “English for midwives: Practical Guidance For Antenatal care”. The objectives are: (1) To find out the categories of speech act on the medical conversation, (2) To analyze the intended meaning of the speaker, (3) To analyze the cooperative principle that must be concerned on the conversation. There are some theories applied in this study, namely the theory of Speech Act, theory of context of situation, the maxim theory. The result shows that there are three categories of speech act (illocutionary act) found in the conversation, namely: assertive, directives, and expressives. The data (1) shows that the assertive conveys asking information; The data (2) shows directive conveys request; The data (3) shows directive conveys suggestion, there is maxim violation in term of manner found in this data; The data (4) shows directive conveys request; The data (5) shows directive conveys explanation; The data (6) shows directive conveys suggestion, there are maxims violation found in terms of quantity, quality and manner; The data (7) shows expressive conveys asking physiological condition, there are maxims violation in terms of quantity and quality; The data (8) shows expressive conveys asking physiological condition, there are maxims violation in terms of quantity, quality and manner found; The data (9) and (10) show expressives convey asking physiological condition.

scholarly journals Ritual Speech Among Apyãwa (Tapirapé)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Eunice Dias De Paula
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Speech Event ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Sociocultural Values ◽  
Food Seeking ◽  
Ritual Speech

Resumo: o povo indígena Apyãwa (Tapirapé) apresenta um ciclo ritual complexo, sendo que cada ritual caracteriza um evento de fala nos quais os atos de fala assumem funções essenciais. A análise das falas rituais à luz da Etnossintaxe, cujos postulados afirmam que na gramática de uma língua estão presentes os valores culturais e os ideais que organizam a vida de uma determinada sociedade, mostraram que a palavra tarywa ‘alegria’, usada para definir os rituais, evidencia um estado de ânimo peculiar aos Apyãwa, normalmente alegres e bem-humorados. Ademais, os rituais aproximam os atuais Apyãwa de seus ancestrais e dos Axyga, espíritos com os quais interagem através da oferta de cantos e alimentos, buscando bem-estar social para todos. Palavras-chave: Rituais. Eventos de Fala. Valores socioculturais. Povo Indígena Apyãwa Abstract: The indigenous people Apyãwa (Tapirapé) present a complex ritual cycle, each ritual featuring a speech event in which the speech act takes on essential functions (Hymes, 1974, 1986). In light of Ethnosyntax (ENFIELD, 2002), which assumes that in the grammar of a language cultural values and ideals that organize the life of a given society are present, the analysis of ritual speech showed that the word tarywa, 'joy', used to define the rituals shows a state of mind peculiar to the Apyãwa who are usually cheerful and humorous. Moreover, the rituals connect the current Apyãwa to their ancestors and to the Axyga, spirits with whom they interact by offering songs and food, seeking well-being for everyone. Keywords: Rituals. Speech event. Sociocultural values. Indigenous people Apyãwa.

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