scholarly journals Ritual Speech Among Apyãwa (Tapirapé)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Eunice Dias De Paula
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Speech Event ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Sociocultural Values ◽  
Food Seeking ◽  
Ritual Speech

Resumo: o povo indígena Apyãwa (Tapirapé) apresenta um ciclo ritual complexo, sendo que cada ritual caracteriza um evento de fala nos quais os atos de fala assumem funções essenciais. A análise das falas rituais à luz da Etnossintaxe, cujos postulados afirmam que na gramática de uma língua estão presentes os valores culturais e os ideais que organizam a vida de uma determinada sociedade, mostraram que a palavra tarywa ‘alegria’, usada para definir os rituais, evidencia um estado de ânimo peculiar aos Apyãwa, normalmente alegres e bem-humorados. Ademais, os rituais aproximam os atuais Apyãwa de seus ancestrais e dos Axyga, espíritos com os quais interagem através da oferta de cantos e alimentos, buscando bem-estar social para todos. Palavras-chave: Rituais. Eventos de Fala. Valores socioculturais. Povo Indígena Apyãwa Abstract: The indigenous people Apyãwa (Tapirapé) present a complex ritual cycle, each ritual featuring a speech event in which the speech act takes on essential functions (Hymes, 1974, 1986). In light of Ethnosyntax (ENFIELD, 2002), which assumes that in the grammar of a language cultural values and ideals that organize the life of a given society are present, the analysis of ritual speech showed that the word tarywa, 'joy', used to define the rituals shows a state of mind peculiar to the Apyãwa who are usually cheerful and humorous. Moreover, the rituals connect the current Apyãwa to their ancestors and to the Axyga, spirits with whom they interact by offering songs and food, seeking well-being for everyone. Keywords: Rituals. Speech event. Sociocultural values. Indigenous people Apyãwa.

scholarly journals Intangible cultural heritage: a benefit to climate-displaced and host communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gül Aktürk ◽  
Martha Lerski
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Resilient Communities

AbstractClimate change is borderless, and its impacts are not shared equally by all communities. It causes an imbalance between people by creating a more desirable living environment for some societies while erasing settlements and shelters of some others. Due to floods, sea level rise, destructive storms, drought, and slow-onset factors such as salinization of water and soil, people lose their lands, homes, and natural resources. Catastrophic events force people to move voluntarily or involuntarily. The relocation of communities is a debatable climate adaptation measure which requires utmost care with human rights, ethics, and psychological well-being of individuals upon the issues of discrimination, conflict, and security. As the number of climate-displaced populations grows, the generations-deep connection to their rituals, customs, and ancestral ties with the land, cultural practices, and intangible cultural heritage become endangered. However, intangible heritage is often overlooked in the context of climate displacement. This paper presents reflections based on observations regarding the intangible heritage of voluntarily displaced communities. It begins by examining intangible heritage under the threat of climate displacement, with place-based examples. It then reveals intangible heritage as a catalyst to building resilient communities by advocating for the cultural values of indigenous and all people in climate action planning. It concludes the discussion by presenting the implications of climate displacement in existing intangible heritage initiatives. This article seeks to contribute to the emerging policies of preserving intangible heritage in the context of climate displacement.

scholarly journals Compliments and responses during Chinese New Year celebrations in Singapore

Pragmatics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cher Leng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Speech Event ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Singapore Chinese

This paper examines the act of complimenting and responding to compliments among Singapore Chinese. To this end, I explored naturally occurring compliment exchanges during the Chinese New Year (CNY) period. These exchanges are not only gender-sensitive, but age- and generation-sensitive as well. The CNY celebrations are governed by certain conventions, exchanging compliments being one of them. The conventional setting helps us understand the functions of compliments and the nature of their responses better, thus avoiding overgeneralizations. Compliments and their responses in the CNY context appear to play an important mainly phatic role. This study suggests that (a) married females pay and receive most compliments and (b) the most common compliment topic centers on their children’s academic achievement and potential career success rather than appearance (Holmes 1988) or possessions (Herbert 1991). In addition, most responses are of the non-acceptance type with downgrading, which is in line with findings from other researchers (see, e.g., Gu 1990; Chen 1993). A survey carried out on these non-acceptance responses shows that informants understand them as being largely conventional and formalistic rather than literal in nature, probably due to the conventional setting. This speech event of compliments and their responses is a mirror of cultural values (Manes 1983), revealing that the Chinese-speaking community of Singapore places high importance on children’s socio-economic success and practices conventional humility.

Ethnic variation in emotion regulation: do cultural differences end where psychopathology begins?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 445-445
Author(s):  
E.A. Arens ◽  
N. Balkir ◽  
S. Barnow
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Turkish Patients ◽  
Mental Well Being

IntroductionEmotion regulation (ER) via cognitive reappraisal (CR) has been shown to be superior to the use of expressive suppression (ES) in terms of several aspects of mental well-being. However, a cultural perspective suggests that the consequences of ES may be moderated by cultural values (Western/individualistic vs. Eastern/collectivistic values).ObjectiveTo test this hypothesis that ES may be associated with better outcomes in collectivistic cultures (e.g. Turkey) than in individualistic cultures (e.g. Germany) not only in healthy individuals but also in patients with mental disorders.AimThis study aims to gather knowledge to what extent associations of ER strategies and mental health are universal or rather culturally specific.MethodsWe investigated healthy (n = 30) and depressed (n = 30) German women and healthy (n = 30) and depressed (n = 30) Turkish immigrants living in Germany. Groups were compared in terms of frequency of ER strategies (CR and ES) and their consequences for different aspects of mental well-being.ResultsHealthy Turkish immigrants exhibited a greater ER flexibility (frequent use of ES plus frequent use of CR) what was associated with more positive outcomes of ES in Turkish than in German women. None of these differences were found between patient samples, both of which showed a greater use of ES than CR.ConclusionsResults suggest that cultural moderation of ES consequences are associated with a greater ER flexibility in healthy Turkish individuals. Depressed Turkish patients may not profit from ES due to their more rigid use of ES.

The role of religion in shaping politeness in Moroccan Arabic: The case of the speech act of greeting and its place in intercultural understanding and misunderstanding

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Bouchara
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Intercultural Understanding ◽  
Natural Interaction ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Moroccan Arabic ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Cultural Pragmatics

AbstractThis paper investigates, from a cross-cultural pragmatics framework, the motivations and reasons which induce Moroccans in particular, and Arabs in general, to invoke Qur’anic verses and religious lexicons in their daily politeness discourse. By focusing on the speech act of greeting, this study attempts to show that greetings are ordinary day-to-day events, which often encapsulate a lot of different cultural values that may cause misunderstandings. Based on data collected from natural interaction between Arabs and Germans, Arabs seem inclined to show politeness when greeting one another by using religious vocabulary and giving religious praises. In addition, the use of religion as a politeness strategy appears to function as a way of protecting the self-image of both the speaker and the hearer. Furthermore, the findings of this study also reveal that by resorting to the use of this politeness strategy, Moroccans seem to reflect their firm belief and the importance they attach to the Qur’an and, more especially, to the question of fate and destiny in Islam. As a result, it is not the linguistic expression itself but rather the pragmatic function of the utterance that seems to determine the use and interpretation of politeness strategies in (Moroccan) Arabic.

NILAI BUDAYA DALAM CERITA RAKYAT MASYARAKAT ORANG ASLI TEMIAR GUA MUSANG, KELANTAN: SATU PENGAPLIKASIAN SASTERA WARISAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
MOHD FAHMI BIN ISMAIL ◽  
MOHD FIRDAUS BIN CHE YAACOB
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Orang Asli ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Very High

Masyarakat Orang Asli Temiar merupakan komuniti orang yang telah lama wujud di negara kita.Kepelbagaian nilai budaya kehidupan masyarakat menjadi lambang jati diri dan kebanggaan masyarakatini. Oleh sebab itu, masyarakat Orang Asli Temiar ini sememangnya kaya dengan warisan ceritarakyat yang menjadi kebanggaan kepada masyarakat tersebut. Namun demikian, arus kepesatan,pembangunan dan kemajuan kemodenan menyebabkan khazanah cerita rakyat ini semakin dipinggirkanoleh masyarakat ini. Selain itu, mereka beranggapan bahawa medium lisan sebagai cerita mitos yangbercorak dongeng dan sekadar untuk berhibur semata-mata. Menerusi kajian ini, akan membincangkansatu objektif utama iaitu menganalisis nilai budaya dalam cerita rakyat masyarakat Orang Asli Temiar GuaMusang, Kelantan. Hal ini, dengan sendiri mewujudkan ruang ilmiah yang menuntut kepada pengkajianilmiah yang khusus. Sehubungan itu, pengkaji akan menggunakan kaedah kepustakaan dan kaedahkajian lapangan bagi memastikan kelancaran dalam menjalankan kajian tersebut. Selanjutnya, kajian iniakan menerapkan Teori Sastera Warisan yang dikemukakan oleh (A. Wahab Ali, 2005) sebagai gagasanuntuk memperkukuhkan dapatan kajian ini. Hasil dapatan kajian ini berhasil menemukan antara nilaibudaya yang selama ini menjadi landasan kepada ketamadunan masyarakat Orang Asli Temiar GuaMusang, Kelantan. Sementara itu, kemantapan elemen nilai budaya yang dihasilkan ini, dan diamalkandalam kehidupan seharian masyrakat ini, secara tidak lansung akan melahirkan kesan-kesan tersurat dantersirat kepada diri masyarakat komuniti ini. Kesimpulannya, cerita rakyat masyarakat Orang Asli Temiaradalah manifestasi kehidupan, adat kepercayaan dan lambang jati diri masyarakat ini.   Temiar indigenous people are a community are comunity of people living in the jugngle, marginalized andlangging in term of modernity country. There it can not be denied that this society is actually rich in diversecultures, fokstales and very high philosophy of thought. However, rapid development and modernity hasled to an increase in marginalized folklore Therefore open an empty space in scientifi c research whichrequired a specifi c research. This study aims to fi ll the empty space by examine the folktales of TemiarIndigenous community in Gua Musang, Kelantan. This study focused on three main objectives. First wasto show eff ect the folktales of Temiar Indigenous community in Gua Musang, Kelantan. Concomitantly, thisstudy used literature research and fi eld research. Furthermore, this study will apply the Sastera Warisantheory by Theory of Conceptual Keyword introduced by Mohamad Mokhtar Hassan in 2005 as the notionto strengthen this study. The realibility of cultural values hold by the Temiar Indigenous community and thepracticing of it in daily life infl uencing the Temiar Indigenous individually and collectively as community. Asconclusion, the folktales of Temiar Indigenous community can be said as manifestation of life, customsand beliefs, and sign of their identity.

scholarly journals THE CULTURAL VALUES OF THE BULANGAN LONDONG SEMBANGAN SUKE BARATA RITUAL OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE OF TORAJA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Markus Deli Girik Allo ◽  
Nilma Taula’bi ◽  
Elim Trika Sudarsih ◽  
Eka Prabawati Rum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Video Recorder ◽  
Ritual Process

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cultural values in the ritual of Bulangan Londong Sembangan Suke Barata as part of the Toraja indigenous people life. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. Meanwhile, the respondents involved in this study include culturist, linguists, and the Toraja community. The research instruments used in this study were document files, interviews with the subjects, and observations using a video recorder that recorded the ritual process of Bulangan Londong Sembangan Suke Barata. The data analysis technique in this study includes three main steps, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the cultural values contained in the rituals of the Bulang Londong Sembangan Suke Barata were 'Manuk' which symbolized the value of the work ethic, 'Ussembang Suke Barata' which represented the religious value of bamboo slashed by 'Mina', and 'Kayunan Londong' which personifies the leader's patriotic value.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki nilai-nilai budaya dari ritual bulangan londong sembangan suke barata dari masyarakat adat Toraja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Responden penelitian ini adalah budayawan, ahli bahasa, dan komunitas Toraja. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah file dokumen, wawancara dengan subjek, dan pengamatan dengan menggunakan perekam video pada ritual bulangan londong sembangan suke barata. Teknik analisis data mencakup tiga langkah utama, pengurangan data, presentasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai budaya yang terkandung dalam ritual bulangan londong sembangan suke barata adalah manuk yang melambangkan nilai etos kerja, ussembang suke barata yang mewakili nilai religius bambu yang ditebas oleh mina, dan kayunan londong sebagai personifikasi nilai patriotik pemimpin.

scholarly journals Natural Meanings and Cultural Values

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P. James ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Causal Powers ◽  
New Model ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Natural Entities ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
To Come

In many cases, rivers, mountains, forests, and other so-called natural entities have value for us because they contribute to our well-being. According to the standard model of such value, they have instrumental or “service” value for us on account of their causal powers. That model tends, however, to come up short when applied to cases when nature contributes to our well-being by virtue of the religious, political, historical, personal, or mythic meanings it bears. To make sense of such cases, a new model of nature’s value is needed, one that registers the fact that nature can have constitutive value for us on account of the role it plays in certain meaningful wholes, such as a person’s sense of who he or she is.

scholarly journals Case Studies in the Culture of Professional Football Players and Mental Welfare and Wellbeing

2020 ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Michael Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Well Being

AbstractThis chapter draws on the author’s personal experience together with the findings from his qualitative research, to explore the cultural values driving problems of mental health and well-being among professional footballers. The study makes explicit the way in which players are expected to hide their experiences of being objectified—of being subject to gendered, racialised and other forms of dehumanisation—and denied a legitimate lived experience, an authentic heard voice. The chapter illustrates the importance in values-based practice of knowledge of values gained as in this instance by way of qualitative methods from the social sciences being used to fill out knowledge derived from individual personal experience.

The study of life and food systems for Native Hawaiians based on their environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110382
Author(s):  
Mapuana CK Antonio ◽  
Kuaiwi Laka Makua ◽  
Samantha Keaulana ◽  
LeShay Keliiholokai ◽  
J Kahaulahilahi Vegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Native Hawaiians ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
Community Engaged Research ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Health and well-being are a function of familial relationships between Native Hawaiians and their land. As a result of settler colonialism, Native Hawaiians face systemic and social barriers, which impede their relationship to land, with implications of adverse health outcomes. This qualitative study explores changes in health among Native Hawaiians, with a specific focus on food systems and the environment. Community-engaged research approaches were utilized to recruit 12 Hawaiian adults. The major themes include the following: (1) health as holistic and a harmonious balance, (2) nutrition transition and current connections to ‘āina (land extending from the mountain to the sea; that which feeds or nourishes), and (3) food sovereignty and community solutions to uplift the Lāhui (Nation of Hawai‘i). Consideration of cultural values, community strengths, and traditional lifestyle practices may address health inequities and changes in food systems related to health that stem from colonization, determinants of health, and environmental changes.

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