Table of Old and New Indic Alphabets

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.F. Holle
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Canonical Order ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Unique Source ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
New Research

Editor's note: Although the general policy of this journal is to publish only new research, an exception is being made in the present case, in order to publish a work of unusual value which has been inaccessible to most scholars for a century or more, and which has now been translated into English for the first time. In 1877, K. F. Holle published his Tabel van oud en nieuw-indische alphabetten, with the support of the Batavia Society of Arts and Letters (the Batavia of that period is the Jakarta of today); it was printed by C. Lang at Buitenzorg, Java. Hoik's "Table" is spread over 49 pages followed by four pages of appendices). In 81 rows, arranged in the Indic canonical order, it displays the symbols of 198 scripts, one per column, which are native to areas reaching from the Indian subcontinent to insular Southeast Asia. These are the writing systems of the Indic tradition that begins with the Brahmi script, used in the Buddhist inscriptions of the Emperor Asoka, in the 3rd century BCE. From that starting point, Holle's display moves forward in time and eastward from India, following the Brahmi-descended scripts through Tibet and Southeast Asia, then extending over the length of the Netherlands Indies, and finally ending with a sample from the Philippines. Neither before Hoik's time nor since has a comparable display been published, showing the multiple historical developments of a script over such an extension of time and space. For scholars interested in the myriad ways that scripts can change through history, Holle's "Table" is a unique source of data. It is reprinted here unchanged; readers will find that they need only know something of the Sanskrit phonological system in order to grasp the organization by rows, and a minimum of Dutch in order to understand the labeling of the columns. In 1882, Holle published a commentary on his "Table", with the added subtitle Bijdrage tot de palaeographie van Nederlandsch-Indie 'Contribution to the paleography of the Netherlands Indies'. This work, of just 20 pages, was again published by the Batavia Society of Arts and Letters; it was distributed by W. Bruining & Co., Batavia, and by M. Njhoff in The Hague. It is published here, preceding the "Table" proper, in an English translation by Carol Molony and Henk Pechler. A unified bibliographical listing, giving fuller citations than those provided by Holle, is a great desideratum; unfortunately, resources were not available for preparing such a listing. Also to be desired is a reconsideration and evaluation of Holle's materials in terms of scholarship since his time; I hope that the publication of this reprint will stimulate scholars to undertake such work. The editor is indebted to Elly Amade — a linguist, speaker of Dutch, and native of Indonesia —for help in preparing the translation for publication.

‘What a Picture Can Do’: Contests of colonial mastery in photographs of Asian ‘houseboys’ from Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, 1880s–1920s

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1315
Author(s):  
CLAIRE LOWRIE
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Oral History ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Netherlands Indies

AbstractThe archives of colonial Southeast Asia and northern Australia contain hundreds of photographs of masterly white colonizers and their seemingly devoted Asian ‘houseboys’. This article analyses this rich photographic archive, drawing on examples from the Netherlands Indies, Singapore, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and the Northern Territory of Australia. It explores how photographs of ‘houseboys’ worked as a ‘visual culture’ of empire that was intended to illustrate and immortalize white colonial power, but that also expressed anxieties about colonial projects. As well as a tool for understanding the assertions and insecurities of white colonizers, the article argues that photographs of servants can be used to illuminate the working lives of these Chinese, Malay, Javanese, and Filipino men. Drawing on a remarkable studio portrait that was commissioned by three Filipino servants and an oral history account from a Chinese servant, I conclude that both masters and servants used the photographic medium to assert their power in the home and the colony.

scholarly journals The Islamic Fundamentalism in Southeast Asia (The Case of Indonesia and Malaysia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohreh Ghadbeigy ◽  
Maryam Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
September 11 ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Modern World ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Islamic Fundamentalism ◽  
Political Sovereignty ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World

Islamic fundamentalism as a stream of Extremist claim a return to the true Islam and no compromise with the modern world has transformed the scene inside the country and in international relations as a threat and a serious contender in today's society. In fact, after September 11, 2001, expanded a serious debate about Islamic fundamentalism around the world. But it can be difficult to provide an overview of the history of political violence in which the phenomenon of Islamic fundamentalism as its starting point after September 11, is not mentioned. However, before the date mentioned in international studies, there are also traces of fundamentalism, But what is known today as the new form of Islamic fundamentalism, since 2011 and after the rise of the Middle East, was raised around the world and to create the challenges of Political sovereignty and security for the world's most strategic regions such as Europe and then Southeast Asia (especially Indonesia and Malaysia). Therefore, this research tries to answer this question: what is the most important factor in challenging the political sovereignty of states in Southeast Asia (especially Indonesia and Malaysia). The hypothesis is Islamic fundamentalism is a rival and threat against the sovereignty and national security of Indonesia and the Philippines. The result of this study explains and demonstrates the presence and role of Islamic fundamentalism in Indonesia and Malaysia as a serious challenge in the security-political reality of these countries. Therefore, this study seeks to recognize and address the challenges and threats that are faced by these two-country with the growth of Islamic fundamentalism.

Japan's Economic Expansion in the Netherlands Indies Between the First and Second World Wars

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Dick
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
World War ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
Second World

Japan's economic expansion into Southeast Asia which began during World War I laid the foundations for the contemporary regional order. Based mainly upon Dutch sources, this article reviews the interwar expansion of Japanese trade, shipping and investment in Indonesia, examines its corporate structure, and considers how the phenomenon should be interpreted.

A 4000 year-old introduction of domestic pigs into the Philippine Archipelago: implications for understanding routes of human migration through Island Southeast Asia and Wallacea

Antiquity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (321) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Piper ◽  
Hsiao-chun Hung ◽  
Fredeliza Z. Campos ◽  
Peter Bellwood ◽  
Rey Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Island Southeast Asia ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
New Research

New research into the Neolithic of Island Southeast Asia is broadening the old models and making them more diverse, more human – more like history: people and animals can move through the islands in a multitude of ways. The domestic pig is an important tracker of Neolithic people and practice into the Pacific, and the authors address the controversial matter of whether domestic pigs first reached the islands of Southeast Asia from China via Taiwan or from the neighbouring Vietnamese peninsula. The DNA trajectory read from modern pigs favours Vietnam, but the authors have found well stratified domestic pig in the Philippines dated to c. 4000 BP and associated with cultural material of Taiwan. Thus the perils of relying only on DNA – but are these alternative or additional stories?

Surat Kuasa

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-81
Author(s):  
Nurfadzilah Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
The Third ◽  
Netherlands Indies

This chapter highlights the importance of paper as a powerful conduit for the spread of jurisdictions in the late colonial period. It compels different authorities to recognize and heed the words of colonial subjects. The chapter also discusses the Surat kuasa, the Malay and Indonesian term for power of attorney, probate, and letters of administration. The power of attorney, also known as volmacht in Dutch, was such a popular device in the Dutch colony. Produced for diverse reasons, powers of attorney were versatile and revocable, and the chapter elaborates three common kinds of powers of attorney: the first dealt with disbursing inheritance shares according to Islamic law; the second was granted by Arabs in Hadramawt to fellow Arabs, usually their relatives or business partners, specifically to manage their business and property in Southeast Asia; and the third was legally controversial and found only in the Netherlands Indies, where colonial subjects classified as “Foreign Orientals,” including Arabs, were restricted from owning certain kinds of property, such as agrarian land, which were reserved for colonial subjects classified as Natives by Dutch authorities. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates a phenomenon called “illegal occupation,” in which some of the land was acquired through the recouping of debts and by transfer of land through powers of attorney.

Steamers, Freighting Contracts and Dock-Harbours Reflections on the History of the Java Sea, 1830–1930

Itinerario ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Knaap
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Java Sea ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fruitful Research ◽  
Point Of Departure

The project about the maritime history of the Java Sea, in which various scholars from Indonesia and the Netherlands have been participating since about 1996, bears the title ‘The Java Sea Region in an Age of Transition, 1870–1970’. From the beginning of the project there has been discussion about the time-span to be covered by the project, especially about the terminal year. Some people feared that the availability of sources would limit the prospects of fruitful research. On the basis of this, it was even proposed to stop at 1945, the date of Indonesia's independence. However, in the end most of the scholars involved agreed that it would be worthwhile to continue to roughly 1970, because then it would be possible to include the first years of the Orde Baru regime and pinpoint its effects on the rehabilitation of ports. Moreover, 1970 was also convenient for the simple reason that it was one hundred years after the year, taken as the starting point, namely 1870. The year 1870 as a point of departure was never the subject of any discussion. Because of the liberalization of the economy, namely the general shift from exploitation by the colonial state to exploitation by private enterprise and the alleged beginning of the so-called Age of Modern Imperialism, which tied the corners of the Archipelago closer together, it was simply accepted. Within the confines of the maritime sector, 1870 was assumed to symbolize the change from wind energy to steam power and a beginning of the improvement of ports. Confidently, the opening up of the Suez Canal in 1869 heralded an intensification of contacts between the Netherlands and the Netherlands Indies.

Recent Dutch Contributions to Modern Indonesian History

1967 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Pluvier
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Second World War ◽  
First Year ◽  
World War ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Dutch Literature ◽  
Dutch History ◽  
Second World

The limitation of this essay seems obvious if we take modern Indonesian history to have started in 1870 and consider the word “recent” in the above title adequately covered by the years since 1940. The date 1870 is the starting-point of Western modern imperialism — a world-wide phenomenon — as well as of the so-called Liberal Period in the restricted Indonesian context. Thus the heyday of Dutch colonialism, the emergence of Indonesian nationalism, the downfall of the Netherlands Indies and the first decades of Indonesian independence fall within the scope of this survey. The choice of 1940, too, can be explained easily: it is the first year of the period which ultimately led not only to the political separation of the Indies and the Netherlands but also to a new approach in Dutch history-writing on Indonesia. This is not to sav that opinions critical of colonialism had not found their way into Dutch literature on Indonesia before 1940, or that opposition to the so-called Europe-centric attitude is to be noticed only after the Second World War: Stokvis and Van Leur, to mention only one for each case, are evidence that this was not so. Nor is it true that colonial apologists are extinct since 1940. But the Second World War nevertheless contributed to a significant change in the general trend of Dutch history-writing on Indonesia.

The Indonesian Archaeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS)

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
H. I. R. Hinzler
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
Black And White ◽  
University Library ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Later Phase

On December 1st 1989 the Indonesian Archaeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS) was launched in Leiden. The project, which is scheduled to last three years, has both a photographic and a documentary aspect. The photographic aspect concerns firstly the conservation of the collection of black and white photographs of the Archaeological Service of the Netherlands-Indies, made between 1901 and 1941, and of the Indonesian Archaeological Survey, dating from 1945 to 1955. This collection consists of more than 25,000 photographs, of which 21,855 are kept in various institutions in Leiden. Secondly, the project envisages making a set of negatives of the complete collection, and of new, large prints which will be used by students and researchers. These will be kept at Leiden University Library. The documentation aspect of the project will involve the creating of a database in which data on the photographs, including information regarding the subjects depicted as well as bibliographic references, will be held. In a later phase it is intended to add other archaeological photographic collections, from elsewhere in the Netherlands and from Southeast Asia.

Interacting Legal Norms and Cross-Border Divorce: Stories of Filipino Migrant Women in the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-529
Author(s):  
Asuncion Fresnoza-Flot
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Filipino Women ◽  
Transnational Social Spaces ◽  
Filipino Migrants

The Philippines is one of only two states in the world in which absolute divorce remains largely impossible. Through its family laws, it regulates the marriage, family life and conjugal separation of its citizens, including its migrants abroad. To find out how these family laws interact with those in the receiving country of Filipino migrants and shape their lives, the present paper examines the case of Filipino women who experienced or are undergoing divorce in the Netherlands. Drawing from semi-structured interviews and an analysis of selected divorce stories, it unveils the intertwined institutions of marriage and of divorce, the constraints but also possibilities that interacting legal norms bring in the life of Filipino women, and the way these migrants navigate such norms within their transnational social spaces. These findings contribute interesting insights into cross-border divorces in the present age of global migration.

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