Surat Kuasa

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-81
Author(s):  
Nurfadzilah Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
The Third ◽  
Netherlands Indies

This chapter highlights the importance of paper as a powerful conduit for the spread of jurisdictions in the late colonial period. It compels different authorities to recognize and heed the words of colonial subjects. The chapter also discusses the Surat kuasa, the Malay and Indonesian term for power of attorney, probate, and letters of administration. The power of attorney, also known as volmacht in Dutch, was such a popular device in the Dutch colony. Produced for diverse reasons, powers of attorney were versatile and revocable, and the chapter elaborates three common kinds of powers of attorney: the first dealt with disbursing inheritance shares according to Islamic law; the second was granted by Arabs in Hadramawt to fellow Arabs, usually their relatives or business partners, specifically to manage their business and property in Southeast Asia; and the third was legally controversial and found only in the Netherlands Indies, where colonial subjects classified as “Foreign Orientals,” including Arabs, were restricted from owning certain kinds of property, such as agrarian land, which were reserved for colonial subjects classified as Natives by Dutch authorities. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates a phenomenon called “illegal occupation,” in which some of the land was acquired through the recouping of debts and by transfer of land through powers of attorney.

Modernity and cultural citizenship in the Netherlands Indies: An illustrated hypothesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Schulte Nordholt
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultural Citizenship ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Netherlands Indies

Conventional historiography presumes a linear development from urbanisation, the rise of indigenous middle classes and the spread of modernity towards nationalism as the logical outcome of this process. This article aims to disconnect modernity from nationalism by focusing on the role of cultural citizens in the late colonial period for whom modernity was a desirable lifestyle. The extent to which their desires and the interests of the colonial regime coincided is illustrated by a variety of advertisements and school posters, which invited members of the indigenous urban middle class to become cultural citizens of the colony.

Table of Old and New Indic Alphabets

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.F. Holle
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Canonical Order ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Unique Source ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
New Research

Editor's note: Although the general policy of this journal is to publish only new research, an exception is being made in the present case, in order to publish a work of unusual value which has been inaccessible to most scholars for a century or more, and which has now been translated into English for the first time. In 1877, K. F. Holle published his Tabel van oud en nieuw-indische alphabetten, with the support of the Batavia Society of Arts and Letters (the Batavia of that period is the Jakarta of today); it was printed by C. Lang at Buitenzorg, Java. Hoik's "Table" is spread over 49 pages followed by four pages of appendices). In 81 rows, arranged in the Indic canonical order, it displays the symbols of 198 scripts, one per column, which are native to areas reaching from the Indian subcontinent to insular Southeast Asia. These are the writing systems of the Indic tradition that begins with the Brahmi script, used in the Buddhist inscriptions of the Emperor Asoka, in the 3rd century BCE. From that starting point, Holle's display moves forward in time and eastward from India, following the Brahmi-descended scripts through Tibet and Southeast Asia, then extending over the length of the Netherlands Indies, and finally ending with a sample from the Philippines. Neither before Hoik's time nor since has a comparable display been published, showing the multiple historical developments of a script over such an extension of time and space. For scholars interested in the myriad ways that scripts can change through history, Holle's "Table" is a unique source of data. It is reprinted here unchanged; readers will find that they need only know something of the Sanskrit phonological system in order to grasp the organization by rows, and a minimum of Dutch in order to understand the labeling of the columns. In 1882, Holle published a commentary on his "Table", with the added subtitle Bijdrage tot de palaeographie van Nederlandsch-Indie 'Contribution to the paleography of the Netherlands Indies'. This work, of just 20 pages, was again published by the Batavia Society of Arts and Letters; it was distributed by W. Bruining & Co., Batavia, and by M. Njhoff in The Hague. It is published here, preceding the "Table" proper, in an English translation by Carol Molony and Henk Pechler. A unified bibliographical listing, giving fuller citations than those provided by Holle, is a great desideratum; unfortunately, resources were not available for preparing such a listing. Also to be desired is a reconsideration and evaluation of Holle's materials in terms of scholarship since his time; I hope that the publication of this reprint will stimulate scholars to undertake such work. The editor is indebted to Elly Amade — a linguist, speaker of Dutch, and native of Indonesia —for help in preparing the translation for publication.

Japan's Economic Expansion in the Netherlands Indies Between the First and Second World Wars

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Dick
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
World War ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
Second World

Japan's economic expansion into Southeast Asia which began during World War I laid the foundations for the contemporary regional order. Based mainly upon Dutch sources, this article reviews the interwar expansion of Japanese trade, shipping and investment in Indonesia, examines its corporate structure, and considers how the phenomenon should be interpreted.

scholarly journals Islamic Law in the Legal Political System

Al-Mizan ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-184
Author(s):  
Indah Abbas
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political System ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Order ◽  
Parliamentary Democracy ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
History Of

This article discusses the history of the development of Islamic law in the legal political system in Indonesia. The problem discussed in this article is how the history of the phases of Islamic law in Indonesia and how the formation of Islamic law in the development of the political system in Indonesia. The results showed that: First, the history of the development of Islamic law in Indonesia, namely from the pre-colonial period of the Netherlands, the Dutch colonial period, the period of Japanese occupation, the period of parliamentary democracy, the old and new order periods, and the reform period; Second, the position of Islamic law in the development of national law in Indonesia plays an important role in the orderliness of the Indonesian people, especially Muslims and is used as material in the preparation of national law

scholarly journals KONTROVERSI SEPUTAR PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DI INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Yushadeni Yushadeni
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
New Order ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Netherlands East Indies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
The Law

Social movement from classic to modern demands changes included in the law. The law will not be progress if it was not changed and modernized. One law that is expected to contribute greatly to the reform laws in Indonesia is Islamic law. Islamic law is expected to give contribution in the reform of the current law, included in the family law of Islam. Actually , Islam gave a valuable contribution to reform of Islamic law in Indonesia with changing provisions of irrelevant islamic law. Nevertheless, the reforms caused controversy among Indonesia's Muslim community. The controversy about marriage ACT has happened since the time of colonization until this time and has resulted two groups, namely (1) female/feminist activist stronghold; and (2) the priest. During the new order period, negative feedback from the community of Muslims against the proposed legislation had to do with the Netherlands East Indies Government discretion castrate Islamic law. Although the Netherlands Indies Invaders have been expelled from Indonesia physically, but its concepts still entrenched in Indonesia. Meanwhile, in the reform era, is a symptom of religious fundamentalism is getting stronger. [Perkembangan sosial dari klasik hingga modern menuntut adanya perubahan termasuk dalam bidang hukum. Hukum tidak akan berkembang apabila hukum itu tidak diubah dan dimodernisasi. Salah satu hukum yang diharapkan memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap pembaruan hukum di Indonesia adalah hukum Islam. Hukum Islam diharapkan memberikan kontribusi dalam reformasi hukum saat ini, termasuk hukum keluarga Islam. Sebenarnya, Islam telah memberikan sumbangan berharga bagi perkembangan hukum Islam di Indonesia dengan mengubah ketentuan-ketentuan hukum yang tidak relevan. Meskipun demikian, pembaruan tersebut menimbulkan kontroversi di kalangan masyarakat Muslim Indonesia. Kontroversi UU perkawinan terjadi sejak masa penjajahan sampai saat ini dan menghasilkan dua kubu, yaitu (1) kubu aktivis perempuan/ feminis; dan (2) kubu agamawan. Pada masa orde baru, tanggapan negatif dari masyarakat muslim terhadap RUU ada kaitanya dengan kebijaksanaan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda yang mengebiri hukum Islam. Meskipun Penjajah Hindia Belanda telah diusir dari Indonesia secara fisik, tetapi konsep-konsepnya masih mengakar di Indonesia. Sementara itu, di era reformasi, gejala fundamentalisme agama semakin kuat.]

Cultural Citizenship and Modernity in the Netherlands Indies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Schulte Nordholt
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Cultural Citizenship ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
Netherlands Indies

By exclusively focusing on the agency of the Dutch, colonial historiography ignored the pivotal role of indigenous middle classes in sustaining the colonial regime. Conventional nationalist historiography, on the other hand, presumes a linear development from urbanization, the rise of the indigenous middle classes, education, and the spread of modernity toward nationalism and revolution as the logical outcome of this process. This article aims to disconnect modernity from nationalism by focusing on the role of cultural citizens in the late-colonial period in the Netherlands Indies, for whom modernity was in the very first place a desirable lifestyle. The extent to which their desires, capitalist strategies, and the interests of the colonial state coincided is illustrated by a variety of advertisements and school posters, which invited members of the indigenous urban middle classes to become cultural citizens of the colony. The image of the cultural citizen was framed within the confinement of the nuclear family, which had a conservative impact on gender relationships.

Selayar and the Green Gold: The Development of the Coconut Trade on an Indonesian Island (1820–1950)

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiaan G. Heersink
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Netherlands Indies

In the colonial period many Europeans considered coconuts a lazy man's crop. For the Indonesian population, however, they were a profitable form of cultivation, especially from the 1880s when the European oil and fats industry increasingly started to use copra, the dried kernel of the coconut, as a raw material for the production of soap and later also for margarine. Around one-third of world copra exports originated in the Netherlands Indies (Table 1), and copra was especially important for the economy of East Indonesia, where in 1939 it constituted 80 per cent of the total volume and 60 per cent of the total value of exports. In some parts of Indonesia copra even received the nickname of “green gold”. European involvement in coconut cultivation and the coconut trade nonetheless was limited. In the first half of this century, coconut growing was dominated by the indigenous population, which accounted for 94 per cent of Indonesian production, while Chinese merchants dominated the intermediate trade in copra.

‘What a Picture Can Do’: Contests of colonial mastery in photographs of Asian ‘houseboys’ from Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, 1880s–1920s

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1315
Author(s):  
CLAIRE LOWRIE
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Oral History ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Netherlands Indies

AbstractThe archives of colonial Southeast Asia and northern Australia contain hundreds of photographs of masterly white colonizers and their seemingly devoted Asian ‘houseboys’. This article analyses this rich photographic archive, drawing on examples from the Netherlands Indies, Singapore, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and the Northern Territory of Australia. It explores how photographs of ‘houseboys’ worked as a ‘visual culture’ of empire that was intended to illustrate and immortalize white colonial power, but that also expressed anxieties about colonial projects. As well as a tool for understanding the assertions and insecurities of white colonizers, the article argues that photographs of servants can be used to illuminate the working lives of these Chinese, Malay, Javanese, and Filipino men. Drawing on a remarkable studio portrait that was commissioned by three Filipino servants and an oral history account from a Chinese servant, I conclude that both masters and servants used the photographic medium to assert their power in the home and the colony.

The Indonesian Archaeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS)

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
H. I. R. Hinzler
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Documentation System ◽  
Complete Collection ◽  
Black And White ◽  
University Library ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Later Phase

On December 1st 1989 the Indonesian Archaeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS) was launched in Leiden. The project, which is scheduled to last three years, has both a photographic and a documentary aspect. The photographic aspect concerns firstly the conservation of the collection of black and white photographs of the Archaeological Service of the Netherlands-Indies, made between 1901 and 1941, and of the Indonesian Archaeological Survey, dating from 1945 to 1955. This collection consists of more than 25,000 photographs, of which 21,855 are kept in various institutions in Leiden. Secondly, the project envisages making a set of negatives of the complete collection, and of new, large prints which will be used by students and researchers. These will be kept at Leiden University Library. The documentation aspect of the project will involve the creating of a database in which data on the photographs, including information regarding the subjects depicted as well as bibliographic references, will be held. In a later phase it is intended to add other archaeological photographic collections, from elsewhere in the Netherlands and from Southeast Asia.

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