The Microbial Community Composition of a Nitrifying-Denitrifying Activated Sludge from an Industrial Sewage Treatment Plant Analyzed by the Full-Cycle rRNA Approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Juretschko ◽  
Alexander Loy ◽  
Angelika Lehner ◽  
Michael Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Sewage

Influence of flocculation and settling properties of activated sludge in relation to secondary settler performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.-M. Wilén ◽  
M. Onuki ◽  
M. Hermansson ◽  
D. Lumley ◽  
T. Mino
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Floc Structure

Floc characteristics were studied at a full scale activated sludge treatment plant with a unique process solution incorporating pre-denitrification with post-nitrification in nitrifying trickling filters. Since greater nitrogen removal is achieved when more secondary settled wastewater is recirculated to the trickling filters, the secondary settlers are always operated close to their maximal capacity. The flocculation and settling properties are therefore crucial and have an effect on the overall plant performance. Since the plant is operated at a short sludge age, these properties change quickly, resulting in variable maximal secondary settler capacity. The dynamics in floc structure and microbial community composition were studied and correlated to the secondary settler performance. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation was used to investigate the microbial community structure and their spatial distribution. The floc structure could to some extent be related to the flocculation and settling properties of the sludge. Even small differences had an influence suggesting that colloidal properties also play a significant role in determining the floc properties. No correlation between microbial community composition and settling properties could be established with the group-specific probes investigated.

Effect of Wastewater on the Soil and Irrigation Process: A Laboratory Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Hussain ◽  
Manjeeta Priyadarshi ◽  
Saif Said ◽  
Suraj Negi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Concentration Levels

Most of the industrial sewage effluents used for irrigation contains heavy metals which cause toxicity to crop plants as the soils are able to accumulate heavy metal for many years. The vegetables grown for the present study were irrigated with treated wastewater brought from a nearby full-scale sewage treatment plant at different compositions along with tap water as a control. The concentration levels of the Cd, Co, Cu, Mn and Zn in the soil were found to below the toxic limits as prescribed in literature. Daily Intake Metals (DIM) values suggest that the consumption of plants grown in treated wastewater and tap water is nearly free of risks, as the dietary intake limits of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn. The Enrichment Factor for the treated wastewater irrigated soil was found in order Zn> Ni> Pb> Cr> Cu> Co> Mn> Cd. Thus, treated wastewater can be effectively used for irrigation. This will have twofold significant environmental advantages: (1) helpful to reduce the groundwater usage for irrigation and (2) helpful to reduce the stress on surface water resources.

scholarly journals Do initial concentration and activated sludge seasonality affect pharmaceutical biotransformation rate constants?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara J. H. M. van Bergen ◽  
Ana B. Rios-Miguel ◽  
Tom M. Nolte ◽  
Ad M. J. Ragas ◽  
Rosalie van Zelm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Different Seasons

Abstract Pharmaceuticals find their way to the aquatic environment via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Biotransformation plays an important role in mitigating environmental risks; however, a mechanistic understanding of involved processes is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential relationships between first-order biotransformation rate constants (kb) of nine pharmaceuticals and initial concentration of the selected compounds, and sampling season of the used activated sludge inocula. Four-day bottle experiments were performed with activated sludge from WWTP Groesbeek (The Netherlands) of two different seasons, summer and winter, spiked with two environmentally relevant concentrations (3 and 30 nM) of pharmaceuticals. Concentrations of the compounds were measured by LC–MS/MS, microbial community composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and kb values were calculated. The biodegradable pharmaceuticals were acetaminophen, metformin, metoprolol, terbutaline, and phenazone (ranked from high to low biotransformation rates). Carbamazepine, diatrizoic acid, diclofenac, and fluoxetine were not converted. Summer and winter inocula did not show significant differences in microbial community composition, but resulted in a slightly different kb for some pharmaceuticals. Likely microbial activity was responsible instead of community composition. In the same inoculum, different kb values were measured, depending on initial concentration. In general, biodegradable compounds had a higher kb when the initial concentration was higher. This demonstrates that Michealis-Menten kinetic theory has shortcomings for some pharmaceuticals at low, environmentally relevant concentrations and that the pharmaceutical concentration should be taken into account when measuring the kb in order to reliably predict the fate of pharmaceuticals in the WWTP. Key points • Biotransformation and sorption of pharmaceuticals were assessed in activated sludge. • Higher initial concentrations resulted in higher biotransformation rate constants for biodegradable pharmaceuticals. • Summer and winter inocula produced slightly different biotransformation rate constants although microbial community composition did not significantly change. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals The Microbiota and Abundance of the Class 1 Integron-Integrase Gene in Tropical Sewage Treatment Plant Influent and Activated Sludge

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0131532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magna C. Paiva ◽  
Marcelo P. Ávila ◽  
Mariana P. Reis ◽  
Patrícia S. Costa ◽  
Regina M. D. Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Integrase Gene ◽  
Class 1

Thermochemical pretreatment in the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tanaka ◽  
K. Kamiyama
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Thermochemical Pretreatment ◽  
Methane Production Rate

Effects of a thermochemical pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) was investigated by semicontinuously-fed digesters operated at 37¡C. WAS from a return sludge line of a municipal sewage treatment plant was pretreated by autoclaving at 130°C for 5 minutes after adding 0.3g NaOH/g VSS. Solids of WAS were thermochemically solubilized to one half and then 60% or more were in totality solubilized in anaerobic digesters fed with pretreated WAS at 2-8 days of hydraulic retention times (HRT), while only 16-36% were solubilized in digesters fed with raw WAS. The adverse effect of the set temperature (130°C) on the biodegradability of protein was not found. As a result, removal rates of COD in digestion was increased from 38% to 57% at 8 days HRT by the pretreatment. A specific methane production rate in the pretreated process was three times as high as the normal process. The thermochemical pretreatment was found to be very effective to enhance biodegradability as well as solubilization of WAS in anaerobic digestion.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in activated sludge samples in Campinas, SP, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Urbano Santos ◽  
Taís Rondello Bonatti ◽  
Romeu Cantusio Neto ◽  
Regina Maura Bueno Franco
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Flotation Method ◽  
Giardia Cysts

Giardia and Cryptosporidium have caused several outbreaks of gastroenteritis in humans associated with drinking water. Contaminated sewage effluents are recognized as a potential source of waterborne protozoa. Due to the lack of studies about the occurrence of these parasites in sewage samples in Brazil, we compared the efficiency of two procedures for concentrating cysts and oocysts in activated sludge samples of one sewage treatment plant. For this, the samples were submitted to i) concentration by the ether clarification procedure (ECP) and to ii) purification by sucrose flotation method (SFM) and aliquots of the pellets were examined by immunofluorescence. Giardia cysts were present in all samples (100.0%; n = 8) when using ECP and kit 1 reagents, while kit 2 resulted in six positive samples (85.7%; n = 7). As for SFM, cysts were detected in 75.0% and 100.0% of these samples (for kit 1 and 2, respectively). Regarding Cryptosporidium, two samples (25.0%; kit 1 and 28.5% for kit 2) were detected positive by using ECP, while for SFM, only one sample (examined by kit 1) was positive (12.5%). The results of the control trial revealed Giardia and Cryptosporidium recovery efficiency rates for ECP of 54.5% and 9.6%, while SFM was 10.5% and 3.2%, respectively. Considering the high concentration detected, a previous evaluation of the activated sludge before its application in agriculture is recommended and with some improvement, ECP would be an appropriate simple technique for protozoa detection in sewage samples.

The Infuence of the Depth of the Secondary Sedimentation Tanks on the Sedimentation Efficiency at Bromma Sewage Treatment Plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tendaj-Xavier ◽  
J. Hultgren
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Rapid Flow

Bromma sewage treatment plant is the second largest plant in Stockholm with a design flow of 160,000 m3/d. The wastewater is treated mechanically, chemically by pre-precipitation with ferrous sulphate, and biologically by the activated sludge process. The requirements for the plant are 8 mg BOD7/l, 0.4 mg P/l and 2 mg NH4+-N/l. The requirement for ammonia refers to the period July-October. In order to meet those rather stringent requirements, the biological step was expanded 3 years ago with 6 new sedimentation tanks. The 6 new tanks have the same area as the 6 old ones but they have only a depth of 3.7 m compared with the depth of the old tanks, 5.7 m. Experience from the first years of operation of the new tanks is that these tanks are more sensitive and less efficient than the older ones. It seems that the effluent suspended solids concentration from the old tanks is less influenced by rapid flow variations than the concentration in the effluent from the new secondary sedimentation tanks. During the nitrification period denitrification takes place to some degree in the secondary sedimentation tanks. This may cause loss of solids and it has been observed that the deeper old tanks usually produce an effluent of better quality and seem to be less influenced by denitrification than the new ones.

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