Biological control of plant diseases: an overview and the Trichoderma system as biocontrol agents.

2010 ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
T Abhishek ◽  
S Neeta ◽  
T Nidhi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Biocontrol Agents

Assessing aerated vermicompost tea (ACT) combined with microbial biological control agents for suppression of Fusarium and Rhizoctonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Wylie ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Background Suppression ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Vermicompost Tea ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Biological control of plant diseases is important in organic greenhouse vegetable production where fungicide use is limited. Organic producers employ microbially-diverse substrates, including composts, as media for plant growth. Previous research into the impact of vermicompost on the efficacy of applied biocontrol agents is limited. An in vitro assay was developed to test the efficacy of two biological control agents in a competitive microbial background. Suppression of the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (Forc) by Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (Gliocladium catenulatum strain J1446 (Prestop®) and Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (Rhapsody®), was assessed on agar media amended with aerated vermicompost tea (ACT). Pathogen growth was reduced more by C. rosea than ACT alone and C. rosea was equally effective when combined with ACT. In contrast, B. subtilis reduced pathogen growth less than ACT, and when combined, reduced pathogen growth not more than ACT alone. Both biocontrol agents were similarly tested with ACT against Forc and Rhizoctonia solani on cucumber and radish. Additive, neutral, and antagonistic responses, depending on host, pathogen, and biocontrol agent, were observed. ACT alone provided more consistent disease suppression on cucumber compared with B. subtilis or C. rosea. In combination, disease suppression was most often better than each biocontrol alone but not better than ACT alone. ACT had antagonistic or additive interactions with C. rosea in the radish/R. solani pathosystem, depending on the experiment. The specific and general suppression of plant diseases by biological control agents in microbially-rich environments is variable and requires further study.

scholarly journals Microbial antagonists against plant pathogens in Iran: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Alizadeh ◽  
Yalda Vasebi ◽  
Naser Safaie
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Disease Management ◽  
Published Research

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to give a comprehensive review of the published research works on biological control of different fungal, bacterial, and nematode plant diseases in Iran from 1992 to 2018. Plant pathogens cause economical loss in many agricultural products in Iran. In an attempt to prevent these serious losses, chemical control measures have usually been applied to reduce diseases in farms, gardens, and greenhouses. In recent decades, using the biological control against plant diseases has been considered as a beneficial and alternative method to chemical control due to its potential in integrated plant disease management as well as the increasing yield in an eco-friendly manner. Based on the reported studies, various species of Trichoderma, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus were the most common biocontrol agents with the ability to control the wide range of plant pathogens in Iran from lab to the greenhouse and field conditions.

scholarly journals Biocontrol Potential of Essential Oils in Organic Horticulture Systems: From Farm to Fork

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuru Chang ◽  
Philip F. Harmon ◽  
Danielle D. Treadwell ◽  
Daniel Carrillo ◽  
Ali Sarkhosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
Organic Horticulture

In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to food safety and organic horticulture. Thus, people are looking for natural products to manage plant diseases, pests, and weeds. Essential oils (EOs) or EO-based products are potentially promising candidates for biocontrol agents due to their safe, bioactive, biodegradable, ecologically, and economically viable properties. Born of necessity or commercial interest to satisfy market demand for natural products, this emerging technology is highly anticipated, but its application has been limited without the benefit of a thorough analysis of the scientific evidence on efficacy, scope, and mechanism of action. This review covers the uses of EOs as broad-spectrum biocontrol agents in both preharvest and postharvest systems. The known functions of EOs in suppressing fungi, bacteria, viruses, pests, and weeds are briefly summarized. Related results and possible modes of action from recent research are listed. The weaknesses of applying EOs are also discussed, such as high volatility and low stability, low water solubility, strong influence on organoleptic properties, and phytotoxic effects. Therefore, EO formulations and methods of incorporation to enhance the strengths and compensate for the shortages are outlined. This review also concludes with research directions needed to better understand and fully evaluate EOs and provides an outlook on the prospects for future applications of EOs in organic horticulture production.

Clonostachys rosea to control plant diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 429-472
Author(s):  
Dan Funck Jensen ◽  
◽  
Mukesh Dubey ◽  
Birgit Jensen ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Rhizosphere Competence ◽  
Potential Use

The fungus Clonostachys rosea was recognized as an aggressive parasite on other fungi already in the late 1950s. Research into its potential use in biological control of plant diseases soon followed. Today, there are several commercial products based on C. rosea available for biocontrol applications worldwide. Although its mycoparasitic ability has attracted a lot of interest, C. rosea is now viewed as an ecological generalist whose lifestyle also includes plant endophytism, rhizosphere competence and polyphagous ability. Protocols for producing high amounts of C. rosea spores are available for both solid state and liquid fermentation. Low temperature and low moisture content are key factors that influence the shelf life of C. rosea propagules. Products based on C. rosea can be delivered to flowers using bumble bees, applied by spraying or as seed dressing or by incorporation into the soil. Clonostachys rosea is today an established factor in sustainable plant protection strategies.

Identification of Aspergillus flavus Isolates as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Aflatoxin Contamination in Crops

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. ROSADA ◽  
J. R. SANT'ANNA ◽  
C. C. S. FRANCO ◽  
G. N. M. ESQUISSATO ◽  
P. A. S. R. SANTOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Nit Mutants ◽  
The Stability

Aspergillus flavus, a haploid organism found worldwide in a variety of crops, including maize, cottonseed, almond, pistachio, and peanut, causes substantial and recurrent worldwide economic liabilities. This filamentous fungus produces aflatoxins (AFLs) B1 and B2, which are among the most carcinogenic compounds from nature, acutely hepatotoxic and immunosuppressive. Recent efforts to reduce AFL contamination in crops have focused on the use of nonaflatoxigenic A. flavus strains as biological control agents. Such agents are applied to soil to competitively exclude native AFL strains from crops and thereby reduce AFL contamination. Because the possibility of genetic recombination in A. flavus could influence the stability of biocontrol strains with the production of novel AFL phenotypes, this article assesses the diversity of vegetative compatibility reactions in isolates of A. flavus to identify heterokaryon self-incompatible (HSI) strains among nonaflatoxigenic isolates, which would be used as biological controls of AFL contamination in crops. Nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants were recovered from 25 A. flavus isolates, and based on vegetative complementation between nit mutants and on the microscopic examination of the number of hyphal fusions, five nonaflatoxigenic (6, 7, 9 to 11) and two nontoxigenic (8 and 12) isolates of A. flavus were phenotypically characterized as HSI. Because the number of hyphal fusions is reduced in HSI strains, impairing both heterokaryon formation and the genetic exchanges with aflatoxigenic strains, the HSI isolates characterized here, especially isolates 8 and 12, are potential agents for reducing AFL contamination in crops.

NEW ASSOCIATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: THEORY AND PRACTICE

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki M.T. Hokkanen ◽  
David Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Future Success ◽  
New Association

AbstractThe new association approach for selecting biological control agents has been reanalyzed in the light of recent data. The results support the conclusion that the new association approach is ecologically and statistically sound. One of the major advantages of this approach is its capacity to control native pests, which make up 60–80% of all pests. The specificity of biocontrol agents newly associated with the target hosts is similar to other biocontrol agents. In addition, the new association approach is as safe as the old association approach in terms of environmental risks. Recent trials in the use of new associations have been most encouraging, and suggest that this approach should contribute to the future success of biological pest control worldwide.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document