The effects of pectin and wheat bran on the distribution of a meal in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat

The effects of wheat bran and pectin on the gastrointestinal distribution of a radiolabelled, homogenized baked-bean meal were investigated in the rat. These fibres were chosen because of their very different physical characteristics; wheat bran is a coarse, particulate, mainly insoluble fibre whilst pectin is a soluble viscous polysaccharide. Sixty male rats were administered orally with control or test meals and five from each group were killed after 50, 100, 200 and 300 min. The gut was removed and the distribution of the meal established scintigraphically. Addition of the fibres altered the distribution of the meal with faster accumulation at the distal and caecal areas. Wheat bran delayed gastric emptying whilst pectin promoted gastric emptying and had a pronounced effect on increasing the distal accumulation of the meal. These alterations in the distribution of a homogenized baked bean meal show that dietary fibres with different physical characteristics may alter gastrointestinal motility in different ways and these differences may have implications for meal absorption and clinical treatments of gastrointestinal disorders.

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Delayed gastric emptying in conscious male rats following chronic estrogen and progesterone treatment

Research in Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1007/bf02576773 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 195 (1) ◽

pp. 49-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

J. Coşkun ◽

A. Sevinç ◽

I Tevetoğlu ◽

I Alican ◽

H. Kurtel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽

Male Rats ◽

Progesterone Treatment

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Sarcina Organisms in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract: A Report of 3 Cases With Varying Presentations

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/1066896919873715 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 206-209

Author(s):

Robert Propst ◽

Laura Denham ◽

Jeremy K. Deisch ◽

Tejinder Kalra ◽

Salman Zaheer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽

Gastric Perforation ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Histopathologic Examination ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Emphysematous Gastritis ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

Sarcina species are anaerobic gram-positive cocci rarely seen in the upper gastrointestinal tract and associated with delayed gastric emptying. We present 3 cases of Sarcina infection with varying clinical presentations including the first reported case of Sarcina in a patient with eosinophilic esophagitis. Although the pathogenesis of Sarcina is unclear, awareness of the bacteria is important as they can usually only be detected on histopathologic examination of upper gastrointestinal biopsies. Treatment in symptomatic patients may prevent severe complications such as emphysematous gastritis and gastric perforation.

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Mechanistic modeling of gastrointestinal motility with integrated dissolution for simulating drug absorption

ADMET & DMPK ◽

10.5599/admet.829 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Charles Johnson

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Gastrointestinal Motility ◽

Drug Absorption ◽

Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽

Mechanistic Modeling ◽

Computational Method ◽

Time Intervals ◽

New Techniques ◽

Regulatory Acceptance

A new computational method ̶ the multiple moving plug (MMP) model ̶ is described to simulate the effect of gastrointestinal motility and dissolution on the pharmacokinetic profile of any given drug. The method is physiologically more consistent with the experimental evidence that fluid exists in discrete plugs in the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore is more realistic than modeling the gastrointestinal tract as a series of compartments with first-order transfer. The number of plugs used in simulations, their gastric emptying times and volumes, and their residence times in the small intestine can be matched with experimental data on motility. In sample simulations, drug absorption from a series of fluid plugs emptied from the stomach at evenly spaced time intervals showed lower Cmax and higher Tmax than an equivalent dose emptied immediately as a single plug. To the extent that new techniques can establish typical ranges for the volumes of fluid emptied from the stomach and their respective timing, the MMP model may be able to predict the effect of gastric emptying on the variability seen in pharmacokinetic profiles. This could lead to an expanded safe space for the regulatory acceptance of formulations based on dissolution data.

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