scholarly journals Dombeya wallichii (pink ball).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
The Usa

Abstract D. wallichii is a shrub to small tree that has been in cultivation since the 1800's (Skema, 2010). It is only reported as an invasive species in Cuba, without further details (Oviedo-Prieto et al., 2012). Most of the information available regards D. wallichii as being cultivated, and not as a naturalised species (Skema, 2010). Although it is being listed as an invasive species in Cuba, Alvarez de Zayas (2008), reports the species as an ornamental that is rarely used in gardens in Cuba. Gilman and Watson (2014) classify the species as having little invasive potential for the USA.

scholarly journals Jatropha integerrima (peregrina).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Invasion Risk ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract Jatropha integerrima is a shrub to small tree native to Cuba, which has been introduced into tropical and subtropical areas worldwide as an ornamental species. Although it has become naturalized in some areas, it is not listed as an invasive species. The Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health only lists J. integerrima for comparison with other Jatropha species. J. integerrima can occasionally escape from cultivation in disturbed areas in Florida, and sometimes occurs in warmer parts of Australia. The species has little to no invasive potential in North America and a low invasion risk in Hawaii, USA.

scholarly journals All Shades of Shrimp: Preferences of Colour Morphs of a Freshwater Shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Decapoda, Atyidae) for Substrata of Different Colouration

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Plichta ◽  
Jarosław Kobak ◽  
Rafał Maciaszek ◽  
Tomasz Kakareko
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Freshwater Shrimp ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Aquarium Hobby ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Background Pattern

An ornamental freshwater shrimp, Neocaridina davidi, is popular as an aquarium hobby and, therefore, a potentially invasive species. There is a growing need for proper management of this species to determine not only their optimum breeding conditions, but also their ability to colonise novel environments. We tested habitat preferences of colour morphs (brown, red, white) of N. davidi for substratum colour (black, white, grey shades, red) and fine or coarse chess-board patterns to recognise their suitable captivity conditions and predict their distribution after potential release into nature. We conducted laboratory choice experiments (n = 8) with three individuals of the same morph exposed for two hours to a range of backgrounds. Shrimp preferred dark backgrounds over light ones irrespective of their own colouration and its match with the background colour. Moreover, the brown and red morphs, in contrast to the white morph, preferred the coarse background pattern over the finer pattern. This suggests that the presence of dark, uniform substrata (e.g., rocks, macrophytes) will favour N. davidi. Nevertheless, the polymorphism of the species has little effect on its total niche breadth, and thus its invasive potential.

scholarly journals Optimizing the location of watercraft inspection stations to slow the spread of aquatic invasive species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Haight ◽  
Amy C. Kinsley ◽  
Szu-Yu Kao ◽  
Denys Yemshanov ◽  
Nicholas B. D. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Program Design ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Aquatic Invasive Species ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Infestation Status

AbstractThe accidental spread of aquatic invasive species (AIS) by recreational boaters is a major concern of state and county environmental planners in the USA. While programs for watercraft inspection to educate boaters and slow AIS spread are common practice, large numbers of boats and waterbodies, together with limited budgets, make program design difficult. To facilitate program design, we developed an integer programming model for allocation of scarce inspection resources among lakes. Our model uses species-specific infestation status of lakes and estimates of boat movement between lakes. The objective is to select lakes for inspection stations to maximize the number of risky boats inspected, where risky boats are ones that move from infested to uninfested lakes. We apply our model in Stearns County in central Minnesota, USA, to prioritize lakes for inspection stations and evaluate alternative management objectives. With an objective of protecting uninfested lakes within and outside Stearns County, the optimal policy is to locate stations at infested lakes having the most boats departing for uninfested lakes inside and outside the county. With an objective of protecting only Stearns County lakes, the optimal policy is to locate stations at both infested and uninfested lakes having the riskiest boats arriving from within and outside the county and departing to in-county lakes. The tradeoff between these objectives is significant.

scholarly journals Pteris multifida (spider brake).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Velez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Dispersal ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pteris Multifida ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract Pteris multifida is a herbaceous fern native to temperate and tropical eastern Asia and naturalized on many continents as a result of being widely cultivated. Although it is an urban weed, it is not considered by most countries as an invasive or noxious weed. There is no information available on the species affecting native species or natural habitats. Although one source lists P. multifida as an invasive species in many countries outside of Africa due to it being easily dispersed by spores, there are no references or further information to support this statement. It is reported as an alien invasive species in Germany, but only as occurring in sheltered sites, growing on light-vents in cellars and walls. A species assessment for Florida, USA indicates, P. multifida is neither a weed of natural habitats nor of agriculture. The species has not been listed as an invasive plant in any state or natural areas of the USA. However, P. multifida has been assigned a Tier II Invasive Species status (defined as having moderate negative impacts on wildlife or natural communities in Louisiana), but of limited concern and/or extent in Louisiana. Pteris multifida is recorded in Cuba as potentially invasive being categorized as a species with a tendency to proliferate in some areas and capable of producing vast amounts of diaspores with high dispersal potential. No further details are given about potential invasiveness.

scholarly journals Lygodium flexuosum (maidenhair creeper).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Native Habitats

Abstract L. flexuosum is a climbing fern from the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Australia (Yadav et al., 2012). Although it is not listed as invasive in native habitats, it is reported as a weed of rice fields, rubber, oil palm and tea plantations (USDA-APHIS-PPQ, 2009). It is reported as invasive in rice fields in Asia (Araflora, 2019). Although there is little information available about the species in general, it shares traits with other Lygodium species that are invasive. These traits are: massive production of wind-dispersed spores; self-compatible gametophytes; tolerance to fire; fast growth; and high photosynthetic rate (USDA-APHIS-PPQ, 2009). L. flexuosum is classified as one of the 15 species with great invasive potential in the USA (Yadav et al., 2012).

scholarly journals Enhancement of oxidative stress contributes to increased pathogenicity of the invasive pine wood nematode

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1767) ◽  
pp. 20180323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Lilin Zhao ◽  
Jiao Zhou ◽  
Haiying Yu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Insulin Pathway ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in defence response of host plants versus pathogens. While generation and detoxification of ROS is well understood, how varied ability of different isolates of pathogens to overcome host ROS, or ROS contribution to a particular isolate's pathogenicity, remains largely unexplored. Here, we report that transcriptional regulation of the ROS pathway, in combination with the insulin pathway, increases the pathogenicity of invasive species Bursaphelenchus xylophilus . The results showed a positive correlation between fecundity and pathogenicity of different nematode isolates. The virulent isolates from introduced populations in Japan, China and Europe had significantly higher fecundity than native avirulent isolates from the USA. Increased expression of Mn-SOD and reduced expression of catalase / GPX-5 and H 2 O 2 accumulation during invasion are associated with virulent strains. Additional H 2 O 2 could improve fecundity of Bu. xylophilus . Furthermore, depletion of Mn-SOD decreased fecundity and virulence of Bu. xylophilus , while the insulin pathway is significantly affected. Thus, we propose that destructive pathogenicity of Bu. xylophilus to pines is partly owing to upregulated fecundity modulated by the insulin pathway in association with the ROS pathway and further enhanced by H 2 O 2 oxidative stress. These findings provide a better understanding of pathogenic mechanisms in plant–pathogen interactions and adaptive evolution of invasive species. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Biotic signalling sheds light on smart pest management’.

Linaria vulgaris (common toadflax).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Gassmann ◽  
Chris Parker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Range ◽  
The Usa

Abstract L. vulgaris is a perennial flowering plant with a spreading root system. It forms dense mats which can compete with crops and suppress native vegetation, reducing pasture productivity and/or biodiversity (ISSG, 2015). Native to temperate areas of Europe and Asia, it has been widely introduced to North America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, and is regarded as noxious in many of these countries. By inclusion in indexes of invasive species it is regarded as invasive widely in Canada and in the USA (Alberta Invasive Species Council, 2014; Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States, 2015). L. vulgaris received an invasive index of 69 (out of a maximum of 100) in Alaska, USA (ANHP, 2011). It is also regarded as invasive within its native range in Serbia (Dzigurski and Nikolic, 2014).

Chrysomyxa rhododendri (European rhododendron rust).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Sexual Stage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Asexual Form ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Accidental Introduction

Abstract C. rhododendri is a heteroecious rust fungus; an obligate parasite completing stages of its life cycle on different plants. Mating of haploid strains occurs on species of Picea, followed by the production of asexual aeciospores that infect Rhododendron species. Another asexual form producing urediniospores occurs on Rhododendron, followed by the production of teliospores (the sexual stage). All stages are known from Europe. The fungus was reported in 1954 on Rhododendron in the northwestern USA, but the aecial form has not been found in North America. The fungus is a Regulated Pest for the USA; it has been introduced into the UK, New Zealand and Australia. As an invasive species, this rust is damaging on species of Picea and Rhododendron. As latent infections on Rhododendron can be overlooked, accidental introduction of the rust may occur through the importation of these popular ornamental plants (Savile, 1973).

scholarly journals Use of ecological niche models to predict the distribution of invasive species: a scientometric analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
FG. Barbosa ◽  
F. Schneck ◽  
AS. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Rule Set ◽  
Niche Models

We conducted a scientometric analysis to determine the main trends and gaps of studies on the use of ecological niche models (ENMs) to predict the distribution of invasive species. We used the database of the Thomson Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). We found 190 papers published between 1991 and 2010 in 82 journals. The number of papers was low in the 1990s, but began to increase after 2003. One-third of the papers were published by researchers from the United States of America, and consequently, the USA was also the most studied region. The majority of studies were carried out in terrestrial environments, while only a few investigated aquatic systems, probably because important aquatic predictor variables are scarce or unavailable for most regions in the world. Species-occurrence records were mainly composed of presence-only records, and almost 70% of the studies were carried out with plants and insects. Twenty-three different distribution modelling methods were used. The Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production (GARP) was used most often. Our scientometric analysis showed a growing interest in the use of ENMs to predict the distribution of invasive species, especially in the last decade, which is probably related to the increase in species introductions worldwide. Among some important gaps that need to be filled, the relatively small number of studies conducted in developing countries and in aquatic environments deserves careful attention.

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