Seed size, shape and persistence in dry Mediterranean grass and scrublands

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Peco ◽  
Juan Traba ◽  
Catherine Levassor ◽  
Ana M. Sánchez ◽  
Francisco M. Azcárate
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Persistence ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Binary Logistic Model ◽  
Germinable Seed

AbstractSeed size and shape, measured as the variance of the three main dimensions, have been proposed as good indicators for predicting seed persistence. We tested whether these variables were robust predictors of seed persistence in the soil for 58 abundant herbaceous species, primarily annuals, in grass and scrubland of central Spain. Seed persistence was estimated from data on germinable seed banks, while seed weight and shape were measured using fresh seeds collected in the study area. There was a significant tendency for species with persistent seeds to have smaller seeds than species with transient seeds. Seed shape was not, however, related to persistence and we did not find any clear seed weight/shape threshold for predicting persistence. The binary logistic model of seed bank type as a function of seed weight was significant and explained 67% of total variability. Supplementary information about dormancy, environmental conditions of habitat, predation and attack by pathogens has to be used to elaborate more accurate general predictive models of seed persistence.

Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547b-547
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
H. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

Seed size, shape and persistence in soil: a test on Italian flora from Alps to Mediterranean coasts

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Cerabolini ◽  
Roberta M. Ceriani ◽  
Marco Caccianiga ◽  
Rossella De Andreis ◽  
Barbara Raimondi
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Fate ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Persistence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mediterranean Maquis ◽  
Italian Flora ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSeed size is a good predictor of seed persistence in soil for British, Argentinean, Iranian and – to some extent – New Zealand species. It has been suggested that seed shape should also be linked to the ease of burial and, thus, to seed persistence, even if some studies failed to show this. The relationship between seed size and shape and persistence in soil was analysed for 259 species of the Italian flora, belonging to a wide range of habitats, from alpine pasture to limestone prairies and meadows of the Prealps, and from woodlands to Mediterranean maquis and garigues. Seed size was related to persistence in soil in the same way as in most other floras examined. Furthermore, seed shape was highly related to persistence in soil among the species analysed, when considered both altogether and divided among the different habitats. Our results suggest that not only seed size, but also seed shape, are key factors in determining seed fate and seed persistence in soil.

The seed morphology and anatomy of the allium anisopodium on the seed genebank

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Binderya G ◽  
Tumenjargal D
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Seed Type ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

The paper presents the results of the study on seed morphology and anatomy of Allium anisopodium Ldb. The seed shape is elliptic, glossy-black in color. The seed surface is scaly and its hilum appears in white color. The seed size is 1.7-2.1 mm long, 1.2-1.4 wide, 0.5-2.1 mm in thick and one thousand seed weight is 1.9 g. The anatomical structure is endospermic one cotyledons seed type. The seed coat thin and cotyledon is emphasized apparently from longitudinal section. The embryo is curved, coiled and black colored embryonic roots are relatively thick. The endosperm is surrounded by seed coat moreover between the cotyledon and embryo.

Seed size and shape are good predictors of seed persistence in soil in temperate mountain grasslands of Argentina

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Funes ◽  
Sandra Basconcelo ◽  
Sandra Díaz ◽  
Marcelo Cabido
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Seed Persistence ◽  
Tagetes Minuta ◽  
Mountain Grasslands ◽  
Germinable Seed ◽  
Montane Grasslands

AbstractWe tested whether seed mass and shape are good predictors of seed persistence in the soil of subhumid temperate montane grasslands of central Argentina. We plotted seed mass against variance of seed dimensions of 71 herbaceous species and obtained information on their persistence in the soil from a previous experiment on germinable seed banks. We identified a certain seed mass/shape combination beyond which no seed was persistent in the soil, with the exception of the annual Tagetes minuta. Our results confirmed the patterns previously reported for British species: small and compact seeds tend to persist in the soil for a longer time than big and elongated or flattened seeds. We suggest that the value of seed mass and shape as predictors of persistence in the soil can be extended beyond the British flora to herbaceous floras from other humid temperate regions.

EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM) IN REALTION TO RESISTANCE AGAINST PULSE BEETLE (CALLOSOBRUCHUS CHINENSIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRAHALAD MANDLOI ◽  
PRADYUMN SINGH ◽  
S.P.S. TOMAR ◽  
N.K.S. BHADAURIA ◽  
V.K. SHRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Seed Infestation

Twelve genotypes with variation in seed size, seed weight, seed coat colour and seed shape were included for the study. Genotype RVSSG-44 recorded maximum percent loss in seed weight. Genotype RVSSG-43 had minimum percentage of seed infestation, which was significantly less than rest of the genotypes, except JG-130 seed infestation. Susceptibility index of pulse beetle on different genotypes of chickpea showed that there were no significant differences among different genotypes. Infestation percentage positively and significantly associated with protein content in fresh seed and infested seed. However, other parameters were not associated with infestation by beetle. It ranged from 11.7 to 13.0 adult on angular and pea shape seeded genotypes, respectively. Seed size and seed shape of the genotypes did not influence the fecundity, adult emergence, total development period and susceptibility index of pulse beetle.

Validation of Seed Weight-Associated SSR Markers and Their Usefulness in Distinguishing Chickpea Genotypes According to Seed Size

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishali V. Borse ◽  
Pawan L. Kulwal ◽  
Laxman B. Mhase ◽  
Ashok S. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight

An analysis of seed development in Pisum sativum. XV. The influence of seed size on protein content

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Arthur ◽  
H. Adams ◽  
K. Strouts ◽  
D. A. Jones ◽  
T. L. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Percentage Protein

AbstractThe variation for protein content has been assessed in a series of pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines differing in mean seed size. The range of seed size within each genotype was manipulated by growing the plants in different environments and by altering the structure of the plant. The response of the lines in terms of seed weight to the environments and treatments was inconsistent, but 90% of the total variation was accounted for by differences between genotypes. In contrast, for percentage protein, the genetic component was much weaker with nearly half the variation being accounted for by within (residual) variation. The correlations between seed weight and percentage protein were highly genotype specific. For the largerseeded genotype, percentage protein increased with increasing seed size (r= +0.9, P < 0.01), while for the small-seeded genotype there was mid-range negative value (r = −0.5, P <0.01). It is suggested that any assessment of percentage protein in pea genotypes must take account of seed size.

Effects of seed size and seed weight on seedling establishment, seedling vigour and tolerance of summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa) to flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp.

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Elliott ◽  
L. W. Mann ◽  
O. O. Olfert
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Beetle Damage

A 3-yr study was conducted on three synthetic Brassica rapa L. cultivars to determine the effects of seed size and seed weight on seedling establishment, seedling growth and susceptibility to feeding damage by flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Seed lots of AC Boreal, Fairview and Hysyn 110 were sieved to obtain small, medium and large seeds (1.4–1.6, 1.6–1.8 and 1.8–2.0 mm, respectively). In the laboratory, seedlings grown from large seeds had the largest cotyledons, highest shoot dry weight and highest biomass. Shoot weights increased as seed size increased. Sized seeds of the three cultivars were grown in the field without insecticides in 1998–2000. Seedlings of small seeds had the highest flea beetle damage and poorest seedling establishment. Shoot dry weight and biomass 14–35 d after planting increased as seed size and seed weight increased. Compared with small seeds, large seeds improved shoot dry weight, biomass and seed yield by 13–43, 25–57 and 12%, respectively. Results indicated that seedlings of medium and large seeds are more vigorous and tolerant to flea beetle damage than seedlings of small seeds. Tolerance was due to a higher initial seedling weight rather than higher relative growth rate. Shoot dry weights, biomass and yield of the three cultivars were more strongly correlated with 1000-seed weight than with seed diameter. Key words: Canola, flea beetles, seed size, seedling vigour, tolerance, seed weight

Effects of Insecticide, Weed-Free Period, and Row Spacing on Soybean (Glycine max) and Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) Growth

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Walker ◽  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
Ellis Hauser ◽  
David J. Isenhour ◽  
James W. Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Weed Interference

Results from identical experiments conducted at Headland, AL, and Plains, GA, from 1980 through 1982 show insecticide treatment had little effect on soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Coker 237′] growth and morphology. Maximum insecticide applications increased soybean seed weight in two of five trials. Soybeans maintained free of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. ♯3CASOB) for 4 weeks after emergence produced yields equal to those receiving season-long control in all trials, and 2-week control was equal to season-long maintenance in three trials. Length of weed interference-free maintenance did not affect soybean height. The number of pods per plant and seed weight were decreased when there was no control. Sicklepod shoot fresh weight and numbers decreased as the weed-free period increased from 0 weeks through the season. Row spacing had no effect on soybean height or seed size; however, the number of pods per plant was higher in 80- than in 40-cm rows. Row spacing influenced yield in only one trial where 20-cm rows outyielded 40-cm rows. A significant interaction occurred between the weed-free period and row spacing in two trials. Soybeans in 20-cm rows outyielded those in 40- and 80-cm rows when sicklepod was not controlled (i.e., 0 weeks interference-free maintenance).

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