Extracurricular activity participation in early adolescence predicts coping efficacy one year later

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gabriel P. Heaslip ◽  
Helen Davis ◽  
Bonnie L. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Extracurricular Activity ◽  
Coping Efficacy ◽  
One Year

Extracurricular Activity Intensity and Adolescent Risk-Taking: Exploring Interactive Effects of Contextual Risk and Coping Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Gabriel P. Heaslip ◽  
Bonnie L. Barber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Extracurricular Activity ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Coping Efficacy ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Adolescent Risk

Adolescence is a period of heightened risk-taking. Therefore it is important to investigate positive settings that can facilitate healthy adolescent development and reduce risk-taking behaviour. This study investigated the relations between non-sporting extracurricular activity participation intensity and risky behaviour. Adolescents’ coping efficacy was tested as a moderator between extracurricular activity participation and risk-taking among adolescents at different levels of contextual risk. Adolescents (N = 1,599) across Western Australia were surveyed. Results for moderately at-risk youth indicated a significant interaction, such that greater activity intensity was associated with less risk-taking for adolescents with higher coping efficacy. However, higher intensity activity participation predicted more risk-taking for adolescents with low coping efficacy.

scholarly journals Child Growth and Adolescent Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Sibling Comparison in Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1009-1009
Author(s):  
Daniel Antiporta ◽  
Laura Caulfield ◽  
Alvaro Munoz ◽  
David Celentano
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
One Year

Abstract Objectives We aim to quantify the longitudinal growth differences during childhood and early adolescence between siblings born at different maternal ages at delivery (adult vs. adolescent/young). Methods We analyzed data from siblings of the same biological parents of the young cohort from the Young Lives Study in Peru, over 14 of follow-up. Elder siblings were enrolled at one year of age (2002), while younger siblings were enrolled in the third cohort visit (2009). We include elder siblings who were firstborn only and younger siblings who were second-born children. We performed three-level hierarchical models using Gaussian and Poisson families for height for age Z-score (HAZ) and stunting prevalence, respectively, to estimate predicted values at age 2, 5, 8, and 12. We report absolute marginal average contrasts (Φ) between a younger sibling and elder sibling born to adult (25–34 years) and adolescent/young mothers (15–24 years), respectively. Moreover, we adjust the estimate of interest with expected differences between siblings born to mothers in the same maternal age at delivery group. Results The total eligible sample included 310 pairs of siblings, where 85% of index children and 65% of younger siblings were born to adolescent/young women. Contrasts between a sibling from an adult mother and a firstborn index were positive up to age 12 for HAZ (Φ: 0.20 95% CI 0.01, 0.39) and negative for stunting (Φ: −5.09% 95% CI −12.28, 2.10). Expected differences between siblings born to adult mothers in the same delivery age group did not substantially change the findings for HAZ (ΦA: 0.29 95% CI 0.04, 0.53) but increase the magnitude of stunting differences (ΦA: −9.70% 95% CI −15.40, −4.01). Expected differences between siblings born to adolescent mothers decrease the magnitude of both estimates but remain their direction. Conclusions Younger siblings born to adult mothers outperformed older siblings born to adolescent mothers in growth throughout childhood and early adolescence. The long-lasting effects of adolescent pregnancy on their offspring's nutrition ought to be addressed with social policies focused on preventing adolescent pregnancy. Funding Sources None.

Abstract T P413: Early Executive Dysfunction Predicts Poor Stroke Outcomes One Year Following Mild Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chun Chen ◽  
Alexander W Dromerick ◽  
Chelsea S Kidwell ◽  
Dorothy F Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mild Stroke ◽  
One Year

Background: Cognitive dysfunction has been considered a primary deficit to be addressed after mild stroke. Higher order cognitive deficits immediately after mild stroke may lead to poor longitudinal outcomes. However, existing stroke outcome studies tend to focus on physical capacity and mood rather than cognitive function. Aim: To examine contribution of acute impairment of executive function(EF) and verbal memory (VM) after mild stroke to one year outcomes on Stroke Impact Scale (SIS, health-related quality of life), Activity Card Sort (ACS, activity participation), and Reintegration to Normal Living (RNL, life satisfaction), independent of demographics, ADL and depression. Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke and initial NIHSS ≤ 5 enrolled in PROTECT-DC trial were included. Multiple linear regression analyses identified baseline variables significantly associated with each outcome of interest for all patients completing both baseline and one-year assessments. For each outcome, Model 1 included covariates: age, sex, race, education, lesion side, NIHSS, Barthel Index, Lawton IADL, and depression. In Model 2, all Model 1 variables and dichotomized cognitive variables (impaired versus not impaired) were entered into the equation. Examination of R2 change between Models 1 & 2 identified unique contributions of impaired EF or VM to each one-year outcome beyond Model 1 variables. Results: A total of 86 participants completed baseline assessment and one-year SIS were included for analyses. Our results show that EF was significantly and independently associated with the SIS total score beyond other baseline variables. Participants with acute EF deficits at baseline had poorer SIS outcome at one year: mean 7.47 lower SIS score compared to patients without EF deficits (p = .021). Similar results were found for ACS and RNL. Conclusion: Analyses suggest impact of EF deficits on activity participation, health-related quality of life, and life satisfaction one year after mild stroke. The findings highlight importance of assessment of EF deficits after mild stroke. We suggest that rehabilitation interventions aimed at improving long-term outcomes require careful consideration of assessing and treating EF deficits during the acute phase of mild stroke.

Neurologist, 20+ years’ experience, France

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
Markus Reuber ◽  
Gregg H. Rawlings ◽  
Steven C. Schachter
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Absence Seizure ◽  
Absence Seizures ◽  
Moderate Intellectual Disability ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
The Family ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
One Year

This chapter explores how a Neurologist treated a patient who was referred by a neuropediatric hospital with a diagnosis of generalized epilepsy, which had probably started in infancy with absence seizures. Moderate intellectual disability had also been noticed at that time. In her early adolescence, she started to present with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS), which were not preceded by any aura. She became seizure-free with a combination of antiepileptic medication. However, one year before the patient’s first consultation in the Neurologist’s office, her seizures had recurred, but the seizure semiology had changed: she would call her father and report vertigo and headache before seeming to loose consciousness. In a consultation without her parents, the patient told the Neurologist how she struggled with the responsibility of being independent of her parents. In this respect, it is interesting to note that the patient regularly experienced an absence seizure on days when aspects of her first vacation with her friends (and without her parents) were discussed in the family.

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