Steady-State Prediction of Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) in Drainage Water Based on Irrigation Water Quality in a Lysimetric Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 2666-2677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hasheminejhad ◽  
F. Ghane ◽  
N. Mazloom
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
State Prediction ◽  
Water Based

scholarly journals Assessment of irrigation water quality of Bogra District in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
SZKM Shamsad
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Some important physio-chemical parameters of surface and groundwater of Bogra District were evaluated for the criteria of irrigation water quality. Forty four water samples were collected in the peak dry season (December-April) from different areas of Bogra District. The study revealed that temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), total hardness (Ht) and Kelly’s ratio of waters were found within the permissible limits for irrigation purposes. Any initiative for surface and groundwater development for planned irrigation practices is highly encouraged. Key Words: Irrigation water (surface and groundwater); quality; Bogra District. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5836Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 597-608, December 2009

scholarly journals Assessment of Irrigation Water Quality in District Attock, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yunas ◽  
Sarfraz Ahmad ◽  
Bashir Ahmad ◽  
Obaid ur Rehman ◽  
Sher Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Residual Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
Maximum Range

Water samples (total 277) were collected during previous three years (2008-09 to 2010-11) from all tehsils of Attock district, Pakistan, used for irrigation purpose. Regarding sources of irrigation, 122 samples were collected from bores (turbine operated), 97 from wells, 19 from nullahs and 39 from dams. The analysis data showed that 120 samples (43%) were fit, 35 samples (13%) were marginally fit, while 122 samples (44%) were unfit. As regards minimum and maximum range, it varied in EC from 0.05 to 8.1 dS/m, calcium plus magnesium from 0.6 to 70 meq/L, sodium from zero to 40.6 meq/L, carbonates from zero to 0.04 meq/L, bicarbonates from 0.5 to 15 meq/L, chlorides from 0.2 to 70 meq/L, sodium adsorption ratio from zero to 49.85 and residual sodium carbonate from zero to 13 meq/L. Recommendations for wise and judicious use of marginally fit to unfit irrigation water were imparted to the farmers for raising different arable, fruit and vegetable crops. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Groundwater Suitability for Irrigation in the Lambussie-Karni District of Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Asare Asante-Annor ◽  
P. N. Bewil ◽  
D. Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Permeability Index ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Groundwater Suitability ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality Index

The populace of the Lambussie-Karni District are mainly farmers who have resorted to the use of groundwater for irrigation during the dry season because of long drought and inadequate surface water bodies. The temporal variation of the groundwater quality for irrigation in the District was assessed using sixteen boreholes. Richard Plot indicates that groundwater in the study area is within the low salinity to low sodium hazard and medium salinity to low sodium hazard class. Wilcox Plot shows groundwater to be within excellent to good class in the catchment. Irrigation water quality index (IWQI) map was also developed to determine precisely the degree and areal extent of groundwater suitability for irrigation. ArcGIS 10.1 was used to generate thematic maps for sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), sodium percentage (Na %), HCO3-, pH and electrical conductivity. The results were compared to Food and Agricultural Organisations (FAO) standard guidelines. An IQWI map for the Lambussie- Karni District shows that groundwater is generally suitable for irrigation, about 24.57 % of the district will require crops which can tolerate high amount of salts. A percentage (39.82 %) of the catchment has groundwater, which is highly suitable for crops which are least resistant to salt. Keywords: Groundwater Suitability; Irrigation Water Quality; SAR; IWQI Map; Lambussie-Karni District

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Assessment of the Irrigation Water Quality of the El-Salam Canal, Egypt

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2428
Author(s):  
Yasser A. El-Amier ◽  
Wafaa K. Kotb ◽  
Giuliano Bonanomi ◽  
Hala Fakhry ◽  
Najat A. Marraiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Salinity Hazard ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Kelley Index

The El-Salam canal in Egypt is considered an important stream of fresh water for the agricultural sector that extends from the Nile River to Sinai, while it is subjected to several anthropogenic stresses. In this study, five-georeferenced stations (named from S1 to S5) were monitored along the El-Salam Canal before El-Sahara of the Suez Canal, via the estimation of the WQ index based on major cations and anions analysis including salinity hazard, permeability index, residual sodium carbonate, magnesium hazard, sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio, Kelley index, potential salinity, total hardness, and irrigation water quality index (IWQI). The sequence of average concentration of cations in water were Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. The major cations constitute around 60% of the total dissolved salts. While the sequence of major anions in water were SO42− > HCO3− > Cl− > CO32−. These cations and anions showed an increasing trend from S1 (intake of the canal) to S5 (before El-Sahara) of the El-Salam Canal. Moreover, the order of heavy metals was Zn < Cd < Cr < Ni < Fe < Mn < Co < Cu < Pb. According to the US EPA (1999) guidelines, the levels of Fe and Zn in the El-Salam Canal are within the permissible limits for drinking and irrigation purposes, while Mn, Pb, Cu, Co, Ni, Cr, and Cd were detected at higher concentrations than those recommended. The value of IWQI in water samples varied from 40.26 to 114.82. The samples of S1 showed good water, the samples of region S2 (after mixing with Faraskour drainage) showed poor water quality, samples of regions S3 (after mixing with the El-Serw drain waters) and S5 (before El-Sahara) fell under the very poor water category and samples of region S4 (after mixing with the Hadous drainage) showed unsuitable water. Croplands irrigated with such water will not be exposed to any alkaline risks but will be exposed to the risk of salinity, which is more severe after mixing at the S3 and S4 sites. It is recommended to treat the drainage water before mixing with the irrigation water of El-Salam Canal to raise the suitability of irrigation water for crops, particularly for the Hadous drain.

scholarly journals Assessment of ground water quality of lahar block, Bhind district in Madhya Pradesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Y.V. Singh ◽  
Lokesh Kumar Jat ◽  
R. Meena ◽  
S.N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality Index

<p>In sustainable groundwater study, it is necessary to assess the quality of groundwater in terms of irrigation purposes. The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality through Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) in hard-rock aquifer system and sustainable water use in Lahar block, Bhind of district, Madhya Pradesh, India. The quality of ground water in major part of the study area is generally good. In order to understand the shallow groundwater quality, the water samples were collected from 40 tube wells irrigation water. The primary physical and chemical parameters like potential Hydrogen (pH), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>), magnesium (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>), potassium (K<sup>+</sup>), bicarbonate (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>), carbonate (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>), chloride (Cl<sup>-</sup>), and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) were analyzed for (irrigation water quality index ) IWQI. The secondary parameters of irrigation groundwater quality indices such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Soluble Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Permeability Index (PI), and Kellies Ratio (KR) were also derived from the primary parameter for irrigation water quality index (IWQI). The IWQI was classified into excellent to unfit condition of groundwater quality based on their Water Quality Index (WQI). The IWQI (82.5%+15.0%) indicate that slightly unsustainable to good quality of ground water. Due to this quality deterioration of shallow aquifer, an immediate attestation requires for sustainable development.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document