A rapid method for the indirect determination of the clay content by x‐ray fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of rubidium in soils

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 1707-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schnug ◽  
S. Haneklaus
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Indirect Determination

Intensity and Distribution of Background X-rays in Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry III

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 521-529
Author(s):  
Tomoya Arai ◽  
Takashi Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Electron Excitation ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fundamental Feature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ppm Level

In the spectroscopic analysis of composite elements by x-ray fluorescence (XRF), it is the fundamental feature of this method that the background x-ray intensity is lower than that with electron excitation. However, the background x-rays of this method, which consist of Thomson (Rayleigh) and Compton scattered x-rays from the primary radiation, impair the analytical performance at the ppm level. In order toinvestigate the intensity of the background x-rays precisely,the study was conducted in two parts. The first part compared the measured and theoretically calculated x-ray intensities for Rh Kα and Rh Kβ peaks from various materials. The second part examined the determination of low concentrations of lead,arsenic and colonium in steel samples. The variation in the background x-ray intensities of the analyzed elements was found to be caused by the variation of the major elements and a correction equation for it is derived.

A rapid method for quantifying single mineral phases in heterogeneous natural dusts using X-ray diffraction

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Le Blond ◽  
Gordon Cressey ◽  
Claire J. Horwell ◽  
Ben J. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthetic Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Pure Phases

Quantification of potentially toxic single mineral phases in natural dusts of heterogeneous composition is critical for health hazard assessment. For example, crystalline silica, a human carcinogen, can be present as respirable particles in volcanic ash such as quartz, cristobalite, or tridymite. A method to rapidly identify the proportions of crystalline silica within mixed dust samples, such as volcanic ash, is therefore required for hazard managers to assess the potential risk of crystalline silica exposure to local populations. Here we present a rapid method for quantifying the proportions of single phases in the mineral assemblage of mixed dusts using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with a fixed curved position-sensitive detector. The method is a modified version of the whole-pattern peak-stripping (PS) method (devised by Cressey and Schofield [Powder Diffr.11, 35–39 (1996)]) using an internal attenuation standard (IAS) but, unlike the PS method, it requires no knowledge of other phases present in the sample. Ten synthetic sample mixtures were prepared from known combinations of four pure phases (cristobalite, hematite, labradorite, and obsidian), chosen to represent problematic constituents of volcanic ash, and analyzed by XRD. Results of the IAS method were directly compared with those of the PS method. The proportions of cristobalite estimated using the methods were comparable and accurate to within 3 wt %. The new IAS method involved less sample preparation and processing and, therefore, was faster than the original PS method. It therefore offers a highly accurate rapid technique for determination of the proportions of individual phases in mixed dusts.

X-ray fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of bromine in pharmaceutical formulations

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2229-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Augusta Raggi ◽  
Federico Lucchini ◽  
Paolo Da Re
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Matrix Effect ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
X Ray

A fast and accurate method is proposed for the determination of bromine in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the application of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to solid samples and can be used for the assay of total bromine in various chemical media. It has high reliability provided that the appropriate matrix effect correction is employed, through the use of the scattered W-line from the X-ray tube as an internal standard.

scholarly journals Soil Contamination in One of Preschools Influenced by Metal Working Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ričardas Taraškevičius ◽  
Rimantė Zinkutė ◽  
Gediminas Juozas Čyžius ◽  
Mykolas Kaminskas ◽  
Margarita Jankauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Metal Working ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Soil Clay Content ◽  
Lithological Composition

The aim of research was to estimate the present impact of drill plant or other pollution sources on soil anomalies of the preschool area and to reveal the depth of penetration of pollutants. Soil samples from 9 cores in the territory of the preschool were taken from 5 depth intervals: 0-0.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m, 1.0-1.5 m, 1.5-2.0 m and 2.0-3.0 m. Total number of samples was 45. Each sample was sieved to less then 2 mm fraction, milled and homogenised with binder before pressing 2 pellets. All pressed pellets were analysed by energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence for determination of the contents of harmful chemical elements As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, V, Zn and major elements Al, Ca, K, Fe, Mg, Na, P, S. Si, Ti. Samples where maximum permitted concentrations of Mo, Pb, Sn are exceeded occur not only in the uppermost layers, but also in the deeper layers. The highest median contents of most harmful chemical elements, except V and As, are in the uppermost 0.0-0.5 m layer and decrease with depth until 2.0-3.0 m or 1.5-2.0 m. To eliminate the influence of soil clay content in different samples, normalisation of concentration coefficients by the median of Al, K and Ti concentration coefficients was used. The depth of penetration is largely influenced by lithological composition of soil and is much deeper in sandy soil without layers enriched in clay.

A Rapid Method for the Determination of Chlorine, Phosphorus, and Sulfur in Flours of Grains and Legumes Using Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Flourescence Spectrometry

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-626
Author(s):  
Tomás Pérez Ruiz ◽  
Manuel Hernández Córdoba ◽  
Roque Ortiz González
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Analysis Time ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Analysis Time ◽  
Standard Additions ◽  
Total Analysis

Abstract A rapid method for the determination of chlorine, phosphorus, and sulfur In commercial flours of wheat, barley, maize, rice, field bean, and soybean by wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry has been developed. The flours are strained through a 425 μm sieve, then pelletized and measured. The total analysis time for the quantitation of chlorine, phosphorus, and sulfur is less than 20 min per sample. Calibration is carried out using a standard additions method with mixed standards. The method is accurate and precise, and appears to be adequate for routine analyses.

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