Mechanical Efficiency and Metabolic Cost as Measures of Learning a Novel Gross Motor Task

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Sparrow ◽  
V. M. Irizarry-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Motor Task ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Gross Motor

Sex and Birth Order in Children's Goal Setting and Actual Performance of a Gross Motor Task

1981 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn G. Hall ◽  
Amelia M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Complete Data ◽  
School Age ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Elementary School Age ◽  
Better Than

This study investigated the effect of birth order and sex on goal setting and actual performance by boys and girls of elementary school age on a ring-toss task. Children were asked to give a verbal estimate of the number of successful trials out of 10 they expected to complete. Data were analyzed by 2 (sex) × 2 (birth order) analyses of variance. Results indicated that firstborn boys set higher goals and performed significantly better than later-born boys, firstborn girls or later-born girls.

Reflective-Impulsive Style and Conceptual Tempo in a Gross Motor Task

2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Keller ◽  
Hubert Ripoll
Keyword(s):  
Motor Task ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Conceptual Tempo

scholarly journals Bioenergetics and Biomechanics of Handcycling at Submaximal Speeds in Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Fischer ◽  
Pedro Figueiredo ◽  
Luca Paolo Ardigò
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Air Resistance ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters

Background: This study aimed at comparing bioenergetics and biomechanical parameters between athletes with tetraplegia and paraplegia riding race handbikes at submaximal speeds in ecological conditions. Methods: Five athletes with tetraplegia (C6-T1, 43 ± 6 yrs, 63 ± 14 kg) and 12 athletes with paraplegia (T4-S5, 44 ± 7 yrs, 72 ± 12 kg) rode their handbikes at submaximal speeds under metabolic measurements. A deceleration method (coasting down) was applied to calculate the rolling resistance and frontal picture of each participant was taken to calculate air resistance. The net overall Mechanical Efficiency (Eff) was calculated by dividing external mechanical work to the corresponding Metabolic Power. Results: Athletes with tetraplegia reached a lower aerobic speed (4.7 ± 0.6 m s−1 vs. 7.1 ± 0.9 m s−1, P = 0.001) and Mechanical Power (54 ± 15 W vs. 111 ± 25 W, P = 0.001) compared with athletes with paraplegia. The metabolic cost was around 1 J kg−1 m−1 for both groups. The Eff values (17 ± 2% vs. 19 ± 3%, P = 0.262) suggested that the handbike is an efficient assisted locomotion device. Conclusion: Handbikers with tetraplegia showed lower aerobic performances but a similar metabolic cost compared with handbikers with paraplegia at submaximal speeds in ecological conditions.

scholarly journals Effort-Based Decision-Making and Gross Motor Performance: Are They Linked?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Simone V. Gill ◽  
Samuel J. Abplanalp ◽  
Laura Keegan ◽  
Daniel Fulford
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Monetary Rewards ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Effort ◽  
Cognitive Construct ◽  
Gross Motor Performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between effort-based decision making and gross motor performance. Effort-based decision making was measured using a modified version of the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT), in which participants pressed a button on a keyboard to fill a bar on a screen for monetary reward. Participants received monetary rewards that were commensurate with the level of effort that they were willing to expend. Gross motor performance was measured with a walking task, in which participants matched their steps to the beat of an audio metronome; they walked to metronome beats that were slower and also faster than their normal walking pace. We hypothesized that increased effort during the effort-based decision making task would be paired with an increase in steps taken per minute during the gross motor task. However, the results of this study indicated a lack of a statistically significant relationship between the effort-based decision making task and the gross motor task. Planning rather than decision-making may have been the cognitive construct that governed our gross motor task. These findings can be beneficial when thinking about potential interventions for populations who experience deficits in motor performance and cognition as well as for understanding the relationship between both cognitive and motor performance in healthy adults.

Effects of Fatigue on Performance and Learning of a Gross Motor Task

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Richard A. Berger ◽  
Lois A. Smith-Hale
Keyword(s):  
Motor Task ◽  
Gross Motor

scholarly journals Effort-based decision-making and gross motor performance: Are they linked?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone V. Gill ◽  
Samuel J. Abplanalp ◽  
Laura Keegan ◽  
Daniel Fulford
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Task Planning ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Construct ◽  
Gross Motor Performance

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between effort-based decision making and gross motor performance. Effort-based decision making was measured using a modified version of the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task in which participants pressed a button on a keyboard to fill a bar on a screen for a monetary reward. Gross motor performance was measured with a walking task in which participants matched their steps to the beat of an audio metronome. We hypothesized that increased effort during the effort-based decision making task would be paired with an increase in steps taken per minute during the gross motor task. However, the results of this study indicated no relationship between the effort-based decision making task and the gross motor task. Planning rather than decision-making may have been the cognitive construct that governed our gross motor task. These findings can be beneficial when thinking about potential interventions for populations who experience deficits in motor performance and cognition as well as for understanding the relationship between both cognitive and motor performance in healthy adults.

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