scholarly journals Managing the gastrointestinal side effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in obesity: recommendations for clinical practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Wharton ◽  
Melanie Davies ◽  
Dror Dicker ◽  
Ildiko Lingvay ◽  
Ofri Mosenzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects

Sulfinpyrazone or Acetylsalicylic Acid to Prevent Postoperative Thrombus Formation in Arteriovenous Fistulas of Haemodialysis Patients

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Albert ◽  
U Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Arteriovenous Shunts ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Antithrombotic Efficacy

The effect of sulfinpyrazone (200 mg three times a day) and acetylsalicylic acid (500 mg three times a day) on the incidence of thrombosis of arteriovenous shunts was investigated in a controlled clinical trial. In 36 patients with chronic renal failure scheduled to begin haemodialysis the same operating team constructed a subcutaneous fistula in the distal forearm. During the first six weeks after the operation the antithrombotic efficacy proved to be good for both substances. No differences of thrombotic events between the two treatment groups were statistically significant. But in contrast to acetylsalicylic acid sulfinpyrazone made no significant inhibition of platelet - aggregation; sulfinpyrazone probably will prevent the clot formation by prolonging the shortened platelet survival in uraemic patients. In a high rate of patients given acetylsalicylic acid (10 out of 17) there were local bleeding and gastrointestinal side effects. In consequence we should prefer sulfinpyrazone, because in the sulfinpyrazone group side effects were minimal and in none patient withdrawal from the study was necessitated.

Recent Advances in the Rational Drug Design Based on Multi-target Ligands

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4720-4740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Youqing Shen ◽  
Hailin Cong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Rational Drug Design ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Huge Challenge

Multi-target drugs have gained considerable attention in the last decade owing to their advantages in the treatment of complex diseases and health conditions linked to drug resistance. Single-target drugs, although highly selective, may not necessarily have better efficacy or fewer side effects. Therefore, more attention is being paid to developing drugs that work on multiple targets at the same time, but developing such drugs is a huge challenge for medicinal chemists. Each target must have sufficient activity and have sufficiently characterized pharmacokinetic parameters. Multi-target drugs, which have long been known and effectively used in clinical practice, are briefly discussed in the present article. In addition, in this review, we will discuss the possible applications of multi-target ligands to guide the repositioning of prospective drugs.

Development of a brief questionnaire (ICQ-S) to monitor inhaled corticosteroid side-effects in clinical practice

Allergy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Foster ◽  
S. Schokker ◽  
R. Sanderman ◽  
D. S. Postma ◽  
T. van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid

scholarly journals Oral Iron Supplementation—Gastrointestinal Side Effects and the Impact on the Gut Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-502
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Bloor ◽  
Rudolph Schutte ◽  
Anthony R. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
The Impact

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a worldwide healthcare problem affecting approximately 25% of the global population. The most common IDA treatment is oral iron supplementation, which has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) side effects such as constipation and bloating. These can result in treatment non-adherence and the persistence of IDA. Intravenous iron does not cause GI side effects, which may be due to the lack of exposure to the intestinal lumen. Luminal iron can cause changes to the gut microbiota, aiding the promotion of pathogenic species and decreasing beneficial protective species. Iron is vital for methanogenic archaea, which rely on iron for growth and metabolism. Increased intestinal methane has been associated with slowing of intestinal transit, constipation, and bloating. Here we explore the literature to understand a potential link between iron and methanogenesis as a novel way to understand the mechanism of oral iron supplementation induced GI side effects.

scholarly journals Impact of metformin treatment during pregnancy on maternal outcomes: a systematic review/meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Tarry-Adkins ◽  
Susan E. Ozanne ◽  
Catherine E. Aiken
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe systematically assessed the impact of metformin treatment on maternal pregnancy outcomes. PubMed, Ovid Embase, Medline, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane databases were systematically searched (inception-1st February 2021). Randomised controlled trials reporting pregnancy outcomes in women randomised to metformin versus any other treatment for any indication were included. Outcomes included gestational weight gain (GWG), pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm birth, gestational age at delivery, caesarean section, gestational diabetes, glycaemic control, and gastrointestinal side-effects. Two independent reviewers conducted screening, with a third available to evaluate disagreements. Risk-of-bias and GRADE assessments were conducted using Cochrane Risk-of-Bias and GRADE-pro software. Thirty-five studies (n = 8033 pregnancies) met eligibility criteria. GWG was lower in pregnancies randomised to metformin versus other treatments (1.57 kg ± 0.60 kg; I2 = 86%, p < 0.0001), as was likelihood of pre-eclampsia (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50–0.95; I2 = 55%, p = 0.02). The risk of gastrointestinal side-effects was greater in metformin-exposed versus other treatment groups (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.53–3.84; I2 = 76%, p = 0.0002). The risk of other maternal outcomes assessed was not significantly different between metformin-exposed versus other treatment groups. Metformin for any indication during pregnancy is associated with lower GWG and a modest reduced risk of pre-eclampsia, but increased gastrointestinal side-effects compared to other treatments.

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