THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES AND THEIR SIDE EFFECTS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney P. Shearman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Mechanism Of Action

Cardiovascular drugs

2014 ◽  
pp. 361-382
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cardiovascular Drugs ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Reading Research

The aim of this chapter is to give the reader a brief overview of the main groups of drugs used in the field of cardiac nursing. For each group of drugs, there is a brief description of why they are used, their mechanism of action, examples commonly used in clinical practice, and nursing considerations. However, it is important that nurses keep themselves updated in the use of drugs by reading research papers and international, national, and local guidelines. For doses of drugs, methods of administration, contraindications, and side effects, use a recognized formulary, in addition to any local policy.

Recent Advances in the Rational Drug Design Based on Multi-target Ligands

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4720-4740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Youqing Shen ◽  
Hailin Cong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Rational Drug Design ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Huge Challenge

Multi-target drugs have gained considerable attention in the last decade owing to their advantages in the treatment of complex diseases and health conditions linked to drug resistance. Single-target drugs, although highly selective, may not necessarily have better efficacy or fewer side effects. Therefore, more attention is being paid to developing drugs that work on multiple targets at the same time, but developing such drugs is a huge challenge for medicinal chemists. Each target must have sufficient activity and have sufficiently characterized pharmacokinetic parameters. Multi-target drugs, which have long been known and effectively used in clinical practice, are briefly discussed in the present article. In addition, in this review, we will discuss the possible applications of multi-target ligands to guide the repositioning of prospective drugs.

Nitrogen Mustards as Alkylating Agents: A Review on Chemistry, Mechanism of Action and Current USFDA Status of Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1080-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghansham S. More ◽  
Asha B. Thomas ◽  
Sohan S. Chitlange ◽  
Rabindra K. Nanda ◽  
Rahul L. Gajbhiye
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nitrogen Mustards ◽  
Information Leaflets ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Approved Drugs

Background & Objective: :Nitrogen mustard derivatives form one of the major classes of anti-cancer agents in USFDA approved drugs list. These are polyfunctional alkylating agents which are distinguished by a unique mechanism of adduct formation with DNA involving cross-linking between guanine N-7 of one strand of DNA with the other. The generated cross-linking is irreversible and leads to cell apoptosis. Hence it is of great interest to explore this class of anticancer alkylating agents.Methods::An exhaustive list of reviews, research articles, patents, books, patient information leaflets, and orange book is presented and the contents related to nitrogen mustard anti-cancer agents have been reviewed. Attempts are made to present synthesis schemes in a simplified manner. The mechanism of action of the drugs and their side effects are also systematically elaborated.Results::This review provides a platform for understanding all aspects of such drugs right from synthesis to their mechanism of action and side effects, and lists USFDA approved ANDA players among alkylating anticancer agents in the current market.Conclusion: :Perusing this article, generic scientists will be able to access literature information in this domain easily to gain insight into the nitrogen mustard alkylating agents for further ANDA development. It will help the scientific and research community to continue their pursuit for the design of newer and novel heterocyclic alkylating agents of this class in the coming future.

Development of a brief questionnaire (ICQ-S) to monitor inhaled corticosteroid side-effects in clinical practice

Allergy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Foster ◽  
S. Schokker ◽  
R. Sanderman ◽  
D. S. Postma ◽  
T. van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid

Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, More Effective and Safer Pharmacological Treatment for the Management of Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Negi ◽  
Meenakshi Gupta ◽  
Ramanpreet Walia ◽  
Moayad Khataibeh ◽  
Maryam Sarwat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
New Compounds

: Obesity is a major lifestyle disorder and it is correlated with several ailments. The prevalence of obesity has elevated over the years and it has become a global health problem. The drugs presently used for managing obesity have several side-effects associated with them such as diarrhoea, leakage of oily stools, etc. On the contrary, herbal plants and natural products are considered safe for use because they have lesser side effects. New compounds isolated from medicinal plants are screened and identified to determine their effectiveness and potential in preventing abnormal weight gain. In this review, the medicinal plants and natural materials were surveyed across the literature to cover those that have potential for managing and controlling weight gain, and their mechanism of action, active component, and experimental methodologies are also included. These herbal products can be developed as formulations for therapeutic use in obesity. The herbal plants mentioned in the review are classified based on their mechanism of action: inhibition of pancreatic lipase and appetite suppression activities. The ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme has been used to determine the effectiveness of herbal products for the prevention of abnormal weight gain because of its action on dietary fat and suppression of appetite. This review is an attempt to summarize the herbal plants and natural products that can be used to develop formulations effective in controlling weight gain and obesity.

scholarly journals Combination oral contraceptives – a practice-guided overview of everyday problems and their solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
DW Wolmarans ◽  
L Brand ◽  
SF Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Withdrawal Of Therapy ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Everyday Problems

Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are some of the most commonly prescribed drugs for women between the ages of 15–451 and while they are accepted to be safe and highly effective, their use is often associated with a number of minor sideeffects. Considering the limited nature of this review, a detailed overview of the complete clinical profile of COCs falls beyond the current scope. Rather, we will focus on the most frequently reported side-effects of COCs that do not necessitate treatment withdrawal. Adverse effects that require immediate withdrawal of therapy are usually related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other cardiovascular events, malignancies or hepatic pathology2 and would require a more in-depth review.

scholarly journals Clinical challenges in the management of endocrine side effects of immuno-oncological therapies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wolf ◽  
Thomas Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Current Clinical Practice ◽  
Routine Clinical Care ◽  
Adequate Management

SummaryGiven the growing use of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in oncology, the prevalence of endocrine side effects is rapidly increasing. As clinicians are nowadays frequently confronted with these side effects in routine clinical care, awareness, better knowledge of endocrine irAEs and their clinical presentation and diagnosis is crucial for an adequate management. In this short-review we give a compact overview of the recent recommendations for the management of endocrine irAE related to ICIs and highlight difficulties and uncertainties in current clinical practice.

Effect of oral contraceptives on the production and composition of human milk

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (S4) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Gupta ◽  
V. S. Mathur ◽  
S. K. Garg
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Endocrine Profile ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryOne hundred and thirty six lactating women were studied, 42 controls and 94 taking oral contraceptives. Combination pills of oestrogen and progestogen (Primovlar and Minovlar) and a low dose progestogen pill (Norgestrel) were used. The selection of a particular formulation was based on the endocrine profile of an individual; this reduced drop-outs due to side effects.The change in the quantity of milk was assessed by test-feeding followed by manual expression. Milk was also analysed quantitatively. Significant reduction in the milk yield was found with the Primovlar and Minovlar groups but no change was observed with Norgestrel. No change in the quality of milk was found for any of the three groups.

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