Italian Community Co-operatives: Structuration of Community Development Processes in Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Bianchi Michele
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Italian Community

Responding to the Information Needs of Citizens in an Open Society

2011 ◽  
pp. 216-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Caves
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Smart Community ◽  
Community Concept ◽  
Smart Communities

The use of ICTs in community development areas has increased over the past 10 years. This chapter examines how the “Smart Community” concept can help areas of various sizes accomplish a variety of local and regional development processes. The chapter covers such issues the role of citizen participation, the roles of information technologies, the components of a “Smart Community”, the California Smart Communities Program, and the lessons learned to date from the program. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the “digital divide” between people with access to various ICTs and those without access any access to ICTs.

scholarly journals From the Bush to the Village in Northern Saskatchewan: Contrasting CCF Community Development Projects

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-178
Author(s):  
David M. Quiring
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Local People ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Northern Saskatchewan ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Cold Lake

Abstract The election of the CCF in 1944 brought rapid change for the residents of northern Saskatchewan. CCF initiatives included encouraging northern aboriginals to trade their semi-nomadic lifestyles for lives in urban settings. The establishment of Kinoosao on Reindeer Lake provides an example of how CCF planners established new villages; community development processes excluded local people. Yet, in spite of considerable resistance, various incentives and coercive measures resulted in the movement of nearly all northerners to permanent settlements. A very different community development project unfolded at Cole Bay in the 1960s. Early CCF urbanization projects had missed several hundred Métis people in the remote Canoe Lake area of northwest Saskatchewan. The creation of the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range in the 1950s resulted in the Métis losing access to much of their traditional land. With guidance from Ray Woollam, an influential CCF official, local people actively participated in designing and building their community. This study of urbanization in northern Saskatchewan adds to the literature on relocations and community development in northern Canada and beyond. In addition, it provides information about CCF aboriginal and northern policies.

scholarly journals Who organises the community? The university as an intermediary actor

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 104-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Fehren
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Life World ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

For more than 25 years the Institut für Stadtteilentwicklung, Sozialraumorientierte Arbeit und Beratung (ISSAB) (‘Institute for community development, social space orientation and counselling’) of the University Duisburg-Essen, Germany, has been engaged in the development of disadvantaged urban communities. Increasingly, however, there is a need for intermediaries to bridge the gap between the community and the municipality because of the polarisation of the complex institutional world on the one hand and the increasing fragmentation of the life-world on the other. Based on a long-term cooperation contract with the municipality of Essen, this university institute plays a continuing and active role in local neighbourhood renewal projects. The article reflects on the prospects, challenges and ambivalences of the specific task of the university institute within these community development processes: to take on a mediating role – a moderating intermediary function – between the everyday life-world of the community and the political and administrative municipal system in order to support and enhance community development. Key words: Community development, university-community partnership, intermediary function, integrated approach, civic engagement

Fit for measure? Evaluation in community development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oonagh Mc Ardle ◽  
Una Murray
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Development Evaluation ◽  
Measure Evaluation

Abstract Community development is a process where people concerned with social and environmental justice act together as engaged and active citizens1 to change their collective circumstances. A concern to deliver change through these processes raises the questions: How do we know if our work is effective? What do we mean by and how do we assess outcomes? What ‘evidence’ will help us articulate and improve how we do our work? Over the past decades, there has been a growing trend globally towards evaluation to understand and improve practice. Nevertheless, there is a lack of clarity about, and application of, appropriate frameworks for community development evaluation (Motherway, 2006; CDF, 2010; Whelan et al., 2019). Drawing on current practice, this paper explores challenges, principles and methods for evaluation in community development. We argue that ‘measurement’ requires a clear understanding and agreement of community development purpose and processes, including recognition of community as within and beyond place. Drawing on international evaluation criteria and models, we conclude that community development work could learn from these, as long as communities are in central decision-making roles. We offer suggestions for principles to inform evaluation efforts in community development, suggesting that good community development processes and associated outcomes represent in themselves a theory of change.

Community Development Dynamics: National Goals and Local Priorities

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
S F Liebschutz
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Reagan Administration ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Block Grant ◽  
Federal Aid ◽  
Block Grants ◽  
Local Flexibility ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Development Block ◽  
Federal Administration

The dynamism of US federalism has been the object of considerable scrutiny among scholars in recent years as federal aid to states and localities increased dramatically. Among the various forms of aid that emerged over the past decade were block grants designed to give greater autonomy to local decisionmakers. However, it is possible to undermine that process goal by aggressive federal administration of the funds. In this paper, the question posed is: ‘whose policy preferences—national or community—have the greater effect’? Data from the field network evaluation study of the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program by the Brookings Institution for the period 1974–1980 are used to examine local decisionmaking during the Ford and Carter administrations. Analysis of the decisionmaking process indicates the domination of local, as opposed to national, actors over the content of local CDBG programs. Findings concerning program choices and beneficiaries show the exercise of considerable local autonomy, at the same time that localities are responding to the preferences of the national government. The paper is concluded with a discussion of the future of community development processes and programs, given the preference of the Reagan Administration for greater local flexibility.

scholarly journals ‘It is not only an artist village, it is much more than that’1. The binding and dividing effects of the arts on a community

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenda van der Vaart ◽  
Bettina van Hoven ◽  
Paulus P P Huigen
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Village

Abstract The value of ‘the arts’ in community development is increasingly being recognized. This paper contributes to emerging insights on the various impacts of the arts on communities by highlighting when and how they can have binding and dividing effects on a community. We draw on a participatory research project conducted in Pingjum, a village in the Netherlands that hosts many cultural activities and in which many artists live. We discuss how the arts in Pingjum influence the community in the village. In our discussion, we pay attention to the sense of community that the arts generate, the meeting opportunities they provide and how the community is engaged by some artists. Our study shows that the influence of the arts is context-dependent, with the arts having both binding and dividing effects on the community in Pingjum. In terms of the value of the arts for community development, we emphasize three key issues: that the arts (i) do not have only advantages for a community; (ii) do not engage the entire community; and (iii) could potentially contribute to community fragmentation. Given these issues, we argue that the arts should be considered as one of several supportive means in community development processes. Ideally, they are integrated into a wider community development strategy and planning, and exist alongside other associations and activities in a community. In this way, the arts can contribute to the robustness of a community and assist it in developing the capacity and resources to flourish.

scholarly journals The role of communicative acts in the Dream process: engaging Moroccan migrants in a community development initiative in urban Spain

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Carrillo ◽  
Sandra Girbés-Peco ◽  
Lena De Botton ◽  
Rosa Valls-Carol
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Communicative Acts ◽  
Development Processes

Abstract The present article offers relevant insights into how the evidence-based community development initiative known as the Dream process has had a positive impact on the inclusion, participation and leadership of a marginalized community of Moroccan immigrants in urban Spain. More specifically, we analyse how the commitment to promote dialogic communicative acts and to reduce power communicative acts during the process has attenuated some of the race, gender and class barriers that hindered the community’s involvement in dialogic and decision-making spaces aimed at improving their living conditions. In this article, we first introduce the state of the art using studies that have examined the role of interaction and deliberation in community development processes in disadvantaged contexts. Then, we briefly refer to the deterioration of the living conditions of the Moroccan immigrant population in Spain. Finally, we present the main results obtained from the qualitative case study research carried out through the implementation of the communicative methodology. This case study provides both theoretical claims and practical orientations to examine how dialogic approaches can contribute to community development processes in contexts severely affected by racial segregation and poverty.

Regional Development: Some Comments on the Discourse in Latin America

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Development Processes

A recent issue of Society and Space was concerned with regional planning in Latin America. The papers focused either on sweepingly macrolevel analysis or on local community-based development strategies. This paper is an outline of some of the problems with this discourse as it was presented in the journal, and it is suggested that both groups have neglected the theoretical, empirical, and practical importance of ‘middle level’ analyses. It is at this level where the larger processes and local dynamics unfold, and where the real constraints and contingencies occur. Given the current complexity of Latin American development processes, comforting notions about transnational corporations or romantic views of community development will not advance our analytics or address the practical challenges.

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