Reliability and validity evidence of a new interpretation bias task in patients diagnosed with drug use disorder: a preliminary study of the Word Association Task for Drug Use Disorder (WAT-DUD)

Relevance and scope of projective techniques for the purpose of organizational consulting are discussed. As an example, responses to a word-association task requiring each participant to visualize his company as an animal were compared with the rated appraisal for different values and qualifications as elements of corporate success. The sample consisted of 219 German managers (48% of them were CEOs or board members). Meaningful relationships between the choice of certain animals and value preferences were shown. Finally, widespread disapproval of projective techniques in management diagnosis and organizational consulting may be challenged.

Download Full-text

A Community-based Addiction Rehabilitation Electronic System to Improve Recovery Outcomes in Patients with Drug Use Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.10505 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Zhe WANG ◽

Shujuan CHEN ◽

Junning CHEN ◽

Chunfeng XU ◽

Zhikang CHEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Drug Use ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Service Providers ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Electronic System ◽

Community Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Community Rehabilitation ◽

Drug Use Disorder

BACKGROUND Relapse is very common in patients with illicit drug use disorder and contributes to a series of bad consequences that substantially impact their physical and social functions. Due to the limited existence of effective addiction treatment, the majority of patients with drug use disorder could not access help when needing. Mobile health (mHealth) offers a potential solution to improving recovery outcome for patients in community. OBJECTIVE This paper is a protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a smart phone application called community-based addiction rehabilitation electronic system (CAREs). This interactive system consists of an APP for clients and a webpage for service providers, with the aim of teaching clients craving and emergency coping skills and helping service providers to improve their work efficiency and effectiveness in community. METHODS A randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted. Sixty drug illicit users who are newly ordered to undergo community rehabilitation will be recruited from the community in Shanghai. Participants will be 1:1 randomly assigned to receive integrated community rehabilitation by using CAREs or only receiving routine community rehabilitation for 6 months. Corresponding anti-drug social workers will provide service and monitor their drug use behavior in accordance with the routine work-flow. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and in the 6th month. The primary study outcome is the performance on illicit drug urine test which will be carried on regularly twice per week during the study period. Secondary study outcomes include longest duration of sustained abstinence, days that participants interact with anti-drug social workers, and the decrease rate of addiction-related issues severity index. RESULTS Recruitment is currently underway with the aim of recruiting 60 subjects with drug use disorder. Recruitment will continue until the end of 2018. CONCLUSIONS This is the first known trial of a smartphone-based psychotherapy program for improving recovery outcomes in illicit drug users in community. The study provides evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of the "CAREs" system through comparing the results of the intervention group with the control group. This paper describes the design and methodology of the study. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03451344, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03451344

Download Full-text

Factors associated with the time to transition from suicidal ideation to suicide plans and attempts in the Australian general population

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721001501 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Matthew Sunderland ◽

Philip J. Batterham ◽

Alison L. Calear ◽

Cath Chapman ◽

Tim Slade

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Drug Use ◽

Family Support ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Older Age ◽

Minority Status ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Suicidal Plans ◽

Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Background Suicide plans and attempts rarely occur without prior suicidal ideation but are hard to predict. Early intervention efforts need to focus on subgroups of the population who are more likely to transition from ideation to suicidal plans and attempts. The current study utilised data from a large nationally representative sample to investigate the time taken to transition and the demographic and mental health correlates of transitioning to suicidal plans and attempts among those with suicidal ideation. Methods Data were from 1237 Australians aged 16–85 years who reported suicidal thoughts at some point in their life. Discrete time survival analysis was used to retrospectively examine the time in years and correlates of transitioning from suicidal ideation to suicide plans and suicide attempt. Results The majority of those who transitioned to suicide plans or attempts typically did so within 2 years of first experiencing suicidal ideation. Several factors were independently associated with increased speed to transition, including alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder, major depressive episode, obsessive compulsive disorder, sexual minority status, and non-urban location. Older age, being male, older age of first ideation and greater family support were associated with a slower transition. Conclusion The current study suggests that pre-existing mental or substance use disorders, particularly drug use disorder, as well as sexual minority status, sex and greater family support play an important role in the transition from suicidal ideation to plans or attempts. These results highlight the potential importance of suicide prevention programs that aim to improve social connectedness.

Download Full-text

Abstract 228: National Prevalence of Substance Use Disorders Among Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.11.suppl_1.228 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah C Snow ◽

Gregg C Fonarow ◽

Joseph A Ladapo ◽

Donna L Washington ◽

Katherine Hoggatt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Substance Use ◽

Native American ◽

Drug Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Age Groups ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Drug Use Disorders ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Drug Use Disorder

Background: Several cardiotoxic substances contribute to the development of heart failure (HF). The burden of comorbid substance use disorders (SUD) among patients with HF is under-characterized. Objectives: To describe the national burden of comorbid SUD (tobacco, alcohol, or drug use disorders) among hospitalized HF patients in the U.S. Methods: We used data from the 2014 National Inpatient Sample to calculate the proportion of hospitalizations for a primary HF admission with tobacco, alcohol, or drug use disorder diagnoses, accounting for demographic factors. Drug use disorder analysis was further sub-divided into specific illicit substance categories. Results: There were a total of 989,080 HF hospitalizations of which 35.3% (n=348,995) had a documented SUD. Tobacco use disorder (TUD) was most common (n= 327,220, 33.1%) followed by drug use disorder (DUD) (n=34,600, 3.5%) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) (n=34,285, 3.5%). Female sex was associated with less TUD (OR 0.59; 95% CI, 0.58-0.60), AUD (OR 0.23; 95% CI, 0.22-0.25) or DUD (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.55-0.62). Tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, and opioid use disorders were highest among HF patients age 45 to 55, while cannabis and amphetamine use was highest in those <45 years. Native American race (versus White) was associated with increased risk of AUD (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.27-2.20). Black race was associated with increased risk of AUD (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.16) or DUD (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.53-1.74). Medicaid insurance (versus Medicare) was associated with greater TUD (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.23-1.32), AUD (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.62-1.87), and DUD (OR 2.15; 95% CI 2.01-2.30). Decreasing quartiles of median household income were associated with increasing SUD. Conclusions: Comorbid SUD disproportionately affects certain HF populations, including men, younger age groups, lower SES patients, and race/ethnic minorities. Further research on interventions to improve prevention and treatment of SUD among hospitalized HF patients are needed given the high rates of SUD in this population. Systematically screening hospitalized HF patients for SUD may reveal opportunities for treatment and secondary prevention.

Download Full-text