Digital Leisure: An Opportunity for Intergenerational Well-Being in Times of Pandemic?

Leisure activities shared by grandparents and grandchildren provide important benefits. The health and humanitarian crisis caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has made it necessary to use digital tools to alleviate the lack of contact between adults and children. This paper had as its aim to identify the digital leisure shared by grandparents and their pre-adolescent grandchildren (10-12 years old) before and during the pandemic, as well as its contribution to intergenerational well-being from a holistic paradigm, ultimately aiming to determine whether that digital leisure constitutes an experience of human development for young and old people alike. The sample was made up of 153 grandparents of 10-to-12-year-old children living in the north of Spain. Alongside the use of an ad hoc questionnaire, descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. Most intergenerational leisure activities ceased to be performed during the lockdown, except for those that could be carried out remotely, thanks to information and communication technologies, which ensured the continuity of social and family interactions. Technological connectivity between generations provided greater support to communication and meaningful relationships, additionally facilitating active aging processes.

Refugees’ Meaning of Work: A Qualitative Investigation of Work Purposes and Expectations

This study explores the meaning of work for 22 young refugees aged from 18 to 35 from Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iran, Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine, and Yemen through semistructured interviews. Using consensual qualitative research, we sought to understand the purposes work fulfills, their work expectations, and how purposes and expectations might have changed over time. Results showed that work fulfills many purposes found in the literature, (e.g., development, structure, health, identity, and material benefits) as well as purposes in relation with others and the larger society. Participants expect their work to correspond to their selves (e.g., interests and personality), offer decent working conditions, and allow meaningful relationships and opportunities to help others. Illustrations of two participants’ paths provided insights into a possible change of meaning of work. In addition to implications for practice, the influence of relational and contextual factors is discussed.

Literature Review : Gambaran Pengaruh Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Sosialisasi Terhadap Kemampuan Bersosialisasi Pada Klien Isolasi Sosial

Social isolation is a person's inability to interact with other people in his environment. Client feels rejected, isolated from others, and lonely. Moreover, he is not able to build meaningful relationships with other people. The client with this problem has difficulty to interact and socialize with others, and he even cannot communicate well. This paper aims to investigate the effect of socialization group activity therapy on the client with the problem stated above. The result of literature review stated from the pretest, it was obtained the average 12.07, and 20.9 after taking protest. Therefore, it could be concluded there is an effect of the therapy on sociability of social isolation clients. And, this is recommended for the nursing staff to apply this therapy in the client with the problem, so that they can improve their socialization skills.Keywords: socialization group activity therapy; social isolation AbstrakIsolasi sosial ialah suatu penurunan atau ketidakmampuan seorang individu berinteraksi dengan orang lain dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. Klien merasa ditolak, tidak diterima, kesepian, dan tidak mampu membina hubungan yang berarti dengan orang lain. Klien dengan isolasi sosial tidak mempunyai kemampuan untuk berosialisasi dan sulit mengungkapkan keinginan dan tidak mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik sehingga klien tidak mampu membina hubungan yang berarti dengan orang lain. Tujuan karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa berpengaruh terapi aktivitas kelompok sosialisasi pada klien isolasi sosial. Desain Karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah literature review. Hasil dari analisis didapatkan rata rata pre test sebesar 12,07, post test sebesar 20,9 dan didapatkan bahwa ada pengaruh Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Sosialisasi (TAKS) terhadap kemampuan sosialisasi pada klien isolasi sosial. Kesimpulan ada pengaruh TAKS terhadap kemampuan sosialisasi pada klien isolasi sosial. Saran kepada tenaga keperawatan untuk memberikan TAKS pada klien isolasi sosial,sehingga kemampuan sosialisasi pada klien Kata kunci: Terapi aktivitas kelompok sosialisasi (TAKS) ; isolasi sosial; interaksi sosial.

Engaging Minority Girls in Organized Youth Sport in Norway: A Case Study of a Project That Worked

Sport participation is considered a positive pastime endower that can offer a range of positive outcomes for children and youths. It has also increasingly been recognized as a potentially important context for fostering social inclusion for minority youths. Yet across Europe, minority girls are participating in sport to a lesser degree than their majority counterparts. Using self-determination theory (SDT) and the social ecological model as the framework, this study explored the reasons why a particular project aimed at recruiting minority girls to organized team sport succeeded in doing just that. A case study design was adopted to provide an in-depth analysis of how this project satisfied the basic psychological needs of minority girls. Nine girls, four parents, two coaches, and two project team members were interviewed about the project and sport participation in general. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified, a sense of being facilitated and inclusion in the sport environment. The former emphasized the importance of aligning the participation with the girls' cultural norms and values, particularly in the beginning. It also included practical issues such as finances, reminding us that participation in sport is not just a motivational issue. The latter focused on the importance of including the girls in the general sports program, regardless of their athletic abilities at the onset of their participation and creating a mastery environment. Moreover, by removing remediable differences between the minority and majority girls, such as having the right equipment, seemed important to fostering a sense of belonging in the sports club. Additionally, establishing meaningful relationships with coaches and majority counterparts seemed to be a major motivating factor.

Samenspel tussen jongerenwerk en specialistische jeugdzorg

Een deel van de jongeren die in het jongerenwerk partici- peert ontvangt specialistische jeugdzorg, vanuit bijvoorbeeld verslavingszorg, jeugdreclassering, jeugd-ggz of intensieve gezinsbehandeling. Hoewel profes- sioneel jongerenwerk voor een brede groep jongeren in kwetsbare situaties positief bijdraagt aan hun persoonlijke ontwikkeling en maatschappelijke participatie, is er weinig bekend over de betekenis van het jongerenwerk voor jongeren die specialistische jeugdzorg ontvangen. Voor dit verkennende onderzoek zijn interviews afgenomen met: 1) zeven jongeren (16+) die specialistische jeugdzorg ontvangen en in jongerenwerk participeren; 2) zeven jongerenwerkers en 3) zes jeugdhulpverleners werk- zaam in specialistische jeugdzorg. Een thematische analyse maakt inzichtelijk dat het jongerenwerk op vijf manieren van betekenis is voor jongeren in specialistische jeugdzorg. Jonge- renwerkers zijn ten eerste toegankelijke gesprekspartners die deze jongeren motiveren om problemen serieus te nemen en daarbij professionele hulp te accepteren. Het jongerenwerk biedt deze jongeren daarnaast een omgeving om 2) betekenisvolle relaties op te bouwen, 3) hun zelfbeeld en eigenwaarde te versterken, 4) hun maatschappelijke participatie te vergroten en 5) onder- steuning te vinden om hun zelfstandigheid te vergroten. De resultaten maken inzichtelijk dat het jongerenwerk ook voor deze specifieke groep jongeren groeikansen biedt voor hun persoonlijke ontwik- keling en maatschappelijke participatie. Daarnaast leert dit onderzoek dat participatie van deze doelgroep in het jongerenwerk een positieve invloed kan hebben op de jeugdhulpverleningsprocessen en -resultaten. Hiermee bieden de resultaten gemeenten en de jeugdzorg een beter begrip van hoe het jongerenwerk als preventieve voorziening van betekenis is voor jongeren in specialistische jeugdzorg en een bijdrage kan leveren om de druk op de jeugdzorg te verlichten. Engelstalige versie van de samenvatting A substantial share of all young people who participate in professional youth work settings receive specialised youth-care services, such as addiction care, mental healthcare or intensive family treatment. Nevertheless, little is known about the unique value of youth work settings for young people who are receiving specialised youth-care services. In this exploratory study, we investigated the unique value of youth work for young people in specialised youth-care programmes. Interviews were conducted with: 1) seven young people (16 years of age and older) who were receiving specialised youth-care services and participating in youth-work settings; 2) seven youth workers and 3) six professionals working in specialised youth-care services. Thematic analysis demonstrates that participation in youth-work settings is significant for this group in five ways. First, youth workers provide these young people with accessible dialogue partners who can motivate them to take problems seriously and accept professional help for their vulnerabilities. Youth workers also offer an environment within which to 2) build meaningful relationships; 3) strengthen self-concept and self-esteem; 4) enhance social participation and 5) receive support that helps to increase independence. These findings thus suggest that youth work offers growth opportunities for this specific group. They further indicate that participation in youth work settings can reduce the duration and intensity of the youth-care services provided. The results can help municipalities and youth-care professionals to enhance their understanding of the importance of professional youth work to young people who are receiving specialised youth-care services and how youth work can contribute to reducing high healthcare costs.

Designing dolls according to Youkai stories and Shinto beliefs in Eastern culture

<p>Contrary to the contemporary views on the function and complex mastery skills of an object, the Eastern world puts more emphasis on the value of the object is in its inner spirit. This view is based on Shinto beliefs, where everything is spiritual and valuable. My project undertakes a case study of the relationship between humans and things. This is done by building on the uses of Shinto beliefs to design an object that initiates a narrative. More specifically dolls. Thus, invites a relationship and engages the belief that objects have souls. The dolls which I designed are an intersection of the spirit world and reality. By providing a process that facilitates the traditional Youkai story base on Shinto beliefs and how it has developed in modern society. In promoting participant engagement through design methods and processes, this project discovered a new vision of forming meaningful relationships between humans and objects empowers the true value of an object. This project visualizes participant experiences created an exploration of a narrative that contains the spirit.</p>

Designing dolls according to Youkai stories and Shinto beliefs in Eastern culture

<p>Contrary to the contemporary views on the function and complex mastery skills of an object, the Eastern world puts more emphasis on the value of the object is in its inner spirit. This view is based on Shinto beliefs, where everything is spiritual and valuable. My project undertakes a case study of the relationship between humans and things. This is done by building on the uses of Shinto beliefs to design an object that initiates a narrative. More specifically dolls. Thus, invites a relationship and engages the belief that objects have souls. The dolls which I designed are an intersection of the spirit world and reality. By providing a process that facilitates the traditional Youkai story base on Shinto beliefs and how it has developed in modern society. In promoting participant engagement through design methods and processes, this project discovered a new vision of forming meaningful relationships between humans and objects empowers the true value of an object. This project visualizes participant experiences created an exploration of a narrative that contains the spirit.</p>

Friendship and Loneliness Among People Living With Dementia: Social Practices and Identity

More people living with dementia (PLWD) are aging in place in the community. The number of PLWD aging in community is estimated to comprise 61-81% of the total number of PLWD in North America. Since most PLWD do not drive (Foley et al., 2000), many may (or may not) spend much of their time closer to home, barring occasional visits out of town. Yet, one’s everyday environment may not always provide “ways of being in the world that are more accepting and embracing” (Hillman & Latimer, 2017) and kind, to the varied socio-cognitive struggles of PLWD. Meaningful relationships are required to support continued social participation and citizenship (Bartlett & O’Connor, 2007; Swinton, 2020). In addition to dementia diagnosis, these everyday experiences in community may significantly alter PLWD’s self-perception and confidence. PLWD may feel more or less comfortable forging relationships depending on their past experiences. In other words, the identity of PLWDs are often challenged and (re)constructed (Saunders et al., 2011). Amid persistent power imbalances, malignant social practices may reshape one’s identity such that social isolation, whether self-imposed and/or due to restrictions from others, appear the best way to tide over overwhelming loneliness. This symposium explores how community and friendships may intercept the formation of such lonely self-identity among PLWD. We use advanced qualitative methods to elucidate the varied experiences and challenges of PLWD in community. Findings from three perspectives, namely sociolinguistics, sociology, and social work, will be discussed identify new social practices to undo stigma and support PLWD in community.

Cultural Considerations to the Life Participation Approach in Aphasia: A Filipino Case Study

Stroke is among the common causes of chronic disability (Feigin, 2014). Around one-third of stroke survivors are affected by aphasia, a communication disorder affecting the ability to comprehend and express oneself (Dickey, et. al., 2010). Culture is essential to understanding aphasia and providing person-centered care. Philippine cultural identity is reflected via respect for older persons, collectivism in family and community, and devotion to religion (Pe Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000). The Filipino family is a primary support system, and cultural values directly influence caregiving approaches in chronic disability. This single case study examines the life of a Filipino man who has successfully lived with aphasia for over 25 years. Having finished a doctorate from Harvard University, served as the youngest University president, and member of the Philippine government, he suddenly had a stroke and was able to communicate only via single words, gestures, and facial expressions. His life is discussed in the context of the unique, multi-modal communication system which developed through the years with his family. Music and symbolism via watercolor paintings also define his aphasia journey. The value of religion in Filipino culture (Cruz, et. al., 2019) and its role in fostering positivity in his aphasia journey is examined. This study also highlights Filipino collectivism through the support of family and community in addressing communication needs and facilitating meaningful relationships at various stages in life. Cultural values deeply rooted in Filipino caregiving, such as debt of gratitude and filial devotion to parents (Enriquez, 1992), are discussed.

Aging, Empathy, and Prosocial Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Previous literature has shown age-related increases in prosociality (i.e., the tendency to engage in behaviors that benefit others). Can such age-related differences be observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, or would young adults’ higher levels of COVID-19-related stress alter the relation between age and prosociality given the prior findings that stress may promote prosocial behaviors? Can empathy, one of the factors highly related to prosociality, explain any observed age-related differences? The current study examined the above questions, as well as whether age differences exist in target of prosocial behaviors (i.e., distant- versus close-others). To this end, participants (aged 18-89) enrolled in an ongoing study examining their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. They were asked to complete a series of surveys on dispositional empathy and prosocial behaviors during the pandemic. In the present analyses, the data were used from 330 participants from the USA who completed all of the surveys. Compared to younger adults, results indicate that older adults showed greater prosocial behaviors during the pandemic despite their higher risk of physical-health complications from COVID-19. Unexpectedly, empathy did not explain such age-related increases in prosocial behaviors even though it was positively related to individuals’ prosociality. Interestingly, older adults reported increased prosocial behaviors towards close-others (i.e., family, friends) compared to young adults, suggesting that older adults seem to devote more resources into emotionally meaningful relationships. The current study contributes to our understanding of how prosociality differs with age during the stressful period of need that marks the COVID-19 pandemic.